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Massage Therapy > Midterm ( Massage Theory + Practice ) > Flashcards

Midterm ( Massage Theory + Practice ) Flashcards

1
Q

Claudius Galen

A

Claudius Galen, known in english as Galen, was a Greek Physician who built on the theories of Hippocrates. He moved to Rome where he lectured, conducted experiments on animals to develop his understanding of anatomy, and wrote 22 volumes. Wrote The Elements According to Hippocrates

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2
Q

Golgi Tendon Organs

A

Propriocepters that monitor muscle tension and tendon strain

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3
Q

Homeostasis

A

The relative constancy of the body’s internal environment maintained by adaptive responses in spite of changing environmental conditions

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4
Q

Palpation

A

Data obtained through touch based on the client’s tissue textures, tone, temperature, and hydration

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5
Q

Gate Theory

A

Pyschologist Rondald Melzack + Patrick wall introduced the gate control theory of pain management in a paper published in Science magazine. They believed that the spinal cord had a gating mechanism whereby nerve fibers carrying somatic stimuli relating to touch, temperature, pressure, or movement can “close the gate” to dull aching pain information traveling to the brain.

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6
Q

Per Henrik Ling

A

An austrian credited with creating Medical gymnastics, built on the work of many people to to develop a structured movement system called swedish gymnastics

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7
Q

Douglas Graham

A

began publishing articles using Mezger’s terminology, where the term “massage” was first used. Considered by some to be the “Father of Swedish Massage”

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8
Q

Johann Metzer

A

Coined the terms : effleurage, petrissage, etc

named the strokes

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9
Q

Aesculapius

A

“God of Medicine” founded the first gymnasium- places devoted to excercise, massage, and baths

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10
Q

Hippocrates

A

“Father of Medicine” He esteemed the use of daily massage and designated the term “anatripsis” to mean the art of rubbing a body part TOWARD the heart

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11
Q

Effleurage ( What tissue does it come in contact with? Does it Lift or compress? )

A
  • compresses and stretches skin, broadens tissue

* Superficial tissue

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12
Q

Petrissage ( Tissue and lift or compress? )

A
  • Lifts tissue

* Deep Tissue

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13
Q

Friction ( Tissue and lift or compress? )

A
  • Compress Tissue

* Deep Tissue

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14
Q

Vibration ( Tissue and lift or compress? )

A
  • Compress?

* Deep Tissue

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15
Q

Tapotement ( Tissue and lift or compress? )

A
  • Stimulates Tissue

* Superficial

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16
Q

What country can we thank for developing Shiatsu?

A

Japan

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17
Q

Variations of Effleurage

A

Gliding, Fanning, Shingling

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18
Q

Variations of Petrissage

A

Kneading, Fulling, Rolling

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19
Q

Variations of Friction

A

Compression, Cross Fiber, Linear, Circular

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20
Q

Variations of Tapotement

A

Hacking, Pounding, Cupping

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21
Q

Varations of Vibration

A

Jostling, Shaking, Trembling

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22
Q

Variations of Swedish Gymnastics

A

Passive, Active, Resistive

23
Q

Difference Physiological Effects : Mechanical vs Reflexive

A

Mechanical or primary effects are those we create manually, such as stretching a muscle. They are the body changes that we, as practitioners directly cause.

Reflexive or secondary effects occur as a result of our massage but which we do not create manually. They are indirect responses to touch that affect body functions and tissues through the nervous or energy systems of the body.

24
Q

Mechanical Effects Effleurage

A

Compresses and stretches skin, broadens tissue, moves venous fluids, moves local lymphatic fluids, reduces edema, aids local circulation by moving fluids/waste products, warm superficial tissue, and desquamation of skin cells

25
Q

Mechanical Effects Petrissage

A

warms skin and deeper tissues, stretches and broadens muscles, stretches vessels (veins and lymphatics), improves local circulation, moves local interstitial fluids, helps break-up and or prevent adhesions

26
Q

Mechanical Effects Friction

A

temporary ischema, compresses and spreads muscle fibers, loosens fascial adhesions

27
Q

Mechanical Effects Vibration

A

stimulates synovial activity, loosens muscle fibers, loosens joint ligaments

28
Q

Mechanical Effects Tapotement

A

increases gaseous exchange (coughing), cupping over the thorax loosens mucous, tapping over the sinuses loosens mucous

29
Q

Reflexive Effleurage

A

Relaxing- elicits para sympathetic response, decreases heart rate, general vasodilation- blood vessels widen, increases endorphins, can decrease pain

30
Q

Reflexive Petrissage

A

encourages relaxation when performed slowly, encourages stimulation when performed rapidly, affects proprioception, increases peristalsis over abdomen, increases elimination of metabolic waste

31
Q

Reflexive Friction

A

Hyperemia, decreases local/referred pain (gate theory), relaxes muscles (golgi tendon organ), increases peristalsis, increases circulation, increases flexibility, increases muscle function

32
Q

Reflexive Vibration

A

Penetrating nerve stimulation, stimulates organs (when applied over the abdomen or low back), (jostling) decreases muscle guarding, reduces pain (gate theory), hyperemia, increases circulation

33
Q

Reflexive Tapotement

A

Stimulates muscles, nerve stimulation, stimulates organs, stimulates skin, vessels, etc., hyperemia, increases circulation

34
Q

C/I’s Effleurage

A

Acute inflammation, pitted edema, newly formed scar tissue, very hairy skin, hyperesthesia (ticklish)

35
Q

C/I’s Petrissage

A

Atrophied muscles (when muscles waste away), flaccid paralysis (a clinical manifestation characterized by weakness or paralysis and reduced muscle tone without other obvious cause, recent injuries

36
Q

C/I’s Friction

A

recent acute injuries, neuritis (inflammation of a nerve), rheumatoid arthritis, and any contraindication associated to effleurage or petrissage is also a contraindication to friction except for hairy skin and hyperesthesia

37
Q

C/I’s Vibration

A

muscle spasm, spastic paralysis, insomnia, neuralgia- nerve pain, fatigue, over the low abdomen during pregnancy or mensutration, over the kidneys

38
Q

C/I’s Tapotement

A

muscle spasm, spastic paralysis, insomnia, neuralgia- nerve pain, fatigue, over the low abdomen during pregnancy or mensturation, over the kidneys

39
Q

C/I’s of Swedish Gymnastics

A

Tear to a ligament, tendon or muscle, acute injuries, unhealed fracture, post-surgery, heart conditions

40
Q

Mechanical Effect Swedish Gymnastics

A

Stretches muscle tissue + related soft tissue, increases flexibility and ROM at a specific joint, increases blood suppy and nutrition to joints and muscles, removes lymph and waste (with movement- mostly with active ROM), loosens adhesions by working the muslce/ movement

41
Q

Reflexive Effects Swedish Gymnastics

A

Stimulates the nervous system, increases blood and body temperature, tones muscles

42
Q

Caustic to Most Caustic :

sterilization, antiseptics, disinfectants, fungicides

A

?

43
Q

Two branches of autonomic nervous system

A 
Sympathetic = flight or fight
Parasympathetic = relax
44
Q

Types of Swedish Gymnastics

A

Active = Client performs movement while therapist observes. Verbal instructions are given to client

Passive = Client totally relaxed while performing movement

Resistive= Client resists LMP’s movement for healing purposes

45
Q

Which movement assesses strength best?

A

Resistive

46
Q

S of Soap

A

Subjective information

In client’s words. Symptom, Location, Intensity, Duration, Frequency, and Onset

47
Q

O of Soap

A

Objective Information

Findings, Palpable visual results. Techniques/Modalities, Location/Duration, Response to Treatment

48
Q

A of Soap

A

Includes SMART Goals

Specific, Measureable, Attainable, Relevant, Time Bound Goals

49
Q

P of Soap

A

Treatment plan for LMP and Homework for Client

Future Treatment/Frequency

50
Q

Isometric contraction

A

in an isometic contraction, tension is generated, but the joint angle and muscle length do not change. Isometric contractions are important because they are used to stabilize joints such as when an object is held in a fixed position. For example, pushing the hands against a wall causes an isometric contraction because the tension increases in the arm muscles but their length stays the same

51
Q

Isotonic Contraction

A

this is a muscle contraction in which muscle length and joint angle are changed in response to the tension generated in the muscle. Eccentric and concentric contractions are two different isotonic contractions

52
Q

Concentric Contraction

A

Concentric contraction occurs when the muscle shortens

53
Q

Eccentric Contraction

A

eccentric contraction occurs when the muscle lengthens

54
Q

Endangerment Sites

A

Triangle of Neck, Axilla, Around Elbow, Delto Pectoral Region, Close to Eyes, Temporomandibular Joint, Xiphoid Process, Femoral Triangle, Peroneal Nerve, Foramen Magnum, Kidney Area, Popliteal Region, Spine and SI Joints

Massage Therapy (10 decks)

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