Midterm III: Misc. Dorsal Regions (Ben) Flashcards
What are the borders of the nuchal region?
- Superior: line btwn occipital protuberance and mastoid process
- Inferior: vertebra prominens (C7)
- Lateral: lines from mastoid process down to C7 level
What are the borders of the scapular region?
- Superior: acromion to Th1 spinous process
- Inferior: inferior scapular angle to posterior axillary fold
- Medial: midline of trunk
- Lateral: oblique line, acromion to inferior boundary
what are the borders of the posterior brachial region?
- Superior/Proximal: Posterior Axillary Fold
- Inferior/Distal: Above Olecranon
- Medial: Medial Bicipital Groove
- Lateral: Lateral Bicipital Groove
What are the borders of the posterior cubital region?
- Superior/Inferior: above/below olecranon
- Medial/Lateral: medial/lateral epicondyles
What are the borders of the posterior antebrachial region?
- Proximal: Below Olecranon
- Distal: Head of Ulna
- Lateral: Lateral Epicondyle to Styloid Proc. of Radius
- Medial: Medial Epicondyle to Styloid Proc. of Ulna
What are the borders of the dorsum of the hand?
- Proximal: Basis of Metacarpals
- Distal: Heads of Metacarpals
- Ulnar/Radial: Margins of Hand
What are the borders of the gluteal region?
- Superior: Iliac Crest
- Inferior: Gluteal Groove
- Medial: Lateral Sacral Crest
- Lateral: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
What are the boundaries of the posterior femoral region?
- Superior: Gluteal Groove
- Inferior: Above Popliteal Fossa
- Med/Lat: Lateral/Medial Edges of Thigh
What are the boundaries of the posterior genicular region?
- Superior/Inferior: Above/Below Mid-Popliteal Groove
- Medial: Medial Epicondyle
- Lateral: Capitulum of Fibula
What are the boundaries of the posterior crural region?
- Superior: Below Popliteal Fold
- Inferior: Line between malleoli
- Med/Lat: Lines through malleoli
What are the borders of the lateral malleolar region?
- Superior: Just Above Lateral Malleolus
- Inferior: Lateral Edge, Sole of Foot
- Anterior: Anterior Border of Fibula to 5th Metatarsal Tuberosity
- Posterior: Midline of Leg
What are the borders of the sole of the foot?
- Anterior: Skin Folds at Base of Toes
- Post/Med/Lat: Edges of Sole and Heel
What are the borders of the lumbar region?
- Superior: Between Inf. Scapular Angle + Posterior Axillary Fold
- Inferior: Iliac Crest
- Medial: Midline of Trunk
- Lateral: Perpendicular Midaxillary Lines
What is the important triangle in the lumbar region?
Its borders?
Its contents/significance?
Petit’s Lumbar Triangle
Borders:
- Lat. Dorsi
- Ext. Abd. Oblique
- Iliac Crest
- Floor: Int. Abd. Oblique
Contents:
- Lumbar Artery (from abd. aorta)
- site of lumbar hernia
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What important fascia is found in the lumbar region?
thoracodorsal fascia
What are the 3 layers of superficial nuchal muscles from superficial to deep?
W/ innervation.
- Trapezius - thoracodorsal n.
- Splenius Capitis - post. rami, cervical nerves
- Semispinalis Capitis - greater occipital n.
What innervates the deep nuchal muscles?
suboccipital n.
What is found in the suboccipital triangle?
- vertebral artery
- suboccipital n.
What innervates the levator scapulae and rhomboids?
Where does this nerve arise from?
Dorsal Scapular Nerve
- from superior trunk of brachial plexus (C5/6)
What innervates the teres major?
From where does this nerve arise?
Inferior Subscapular N.
- from posterior cord of brachial plexus
What are the contents of the medial triangular space?
Circumflex Scapular Artery
What are the contents of the quadrangular space?
- Posterior Circumflex Humeral A.
- Axillary N.
What are the contents of the lateral triangular space?
- radial nerve
- deep brachial artery
What innervates the skin of the posterior brachial region?
What is it a branch of?
posterior cutaneous brachial nerve
- branch of radial nerve
What nerve innervates the skin of the posterior antebrachial region?
What is it a branch of?
posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve
- branch of radial nerve
What two large superficial veins run along the radial and ulnar sides of the arm?
radial - cephalic vein
ulnar - basilic vein
What innervates all the extensor muscles (specific branch)?
Through what space does it pass?
Deep Branch Radial Nerve
- passes through supinator canal
What are the contents of the 6 compartments of the extensor retinaculum, starting radially?
- Abd. Poll. Longus + Ext. Poll. Brevis
- Ext. Carpi Radialis L + B
- Ext. Poll. Longus
- Ext. Digitorum + Ext. Indicis
- Ext. Digiti Minimi
- Ext. Carpi Ulnaris
What is the other name for the anatomical snuffbox?
Its borders?
Contents?
Foveola Radialis
- Radial: Abd. Poll. Longus + Ext. Poll. Brevis
- Ulnar: Ext. Poll. Longus
- contains radial artery
- superficial branch radial nerve passes above it
What are the 8 important contents of the infrapiriform hiatus?
- Sciatic N.
- Internal Pudendal A.
- Internal Pudendal V.
- Pudendal N.
- Inferior Gluteal A.
- Inferior Gluteal V.
- Inferior Gluteal N.
- Posterior Femoral Cutaneous N.
How are the 2 heads of the biceps femoris innervated?
short head: common peroneal n.
long head: tibial n.
What arteries supply the flexors of the femoral region?
Perforating Branches, Deep Femoral Artery
(coming from femoral artery)
What two structures make up the crural chiasma?
Which goes over which?
Tendons of…
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Tibialis Posterior
- FDL crosses over TP and ends up posterior to it
(to create the Tom, Dick, Harry order of tibialis, digitorum, hallucis)
What are the cutaneous nerves of the gluteal region?
Cluneal Nerves
What are the layers of the plantar region with their muscles?
superficial to deep
- Plantar Aponeurosis
- Second Layer:
- Flexor Digitorum Brevis
- Abductor Hallucis
- Abductor Digiti Minimi
- Third Layer:
- Flexor Digitorum Longus Tendons
- Quadratus Plantae
- Lumbricals (on FDL tendons)
- Fourth Layer:
- Adductor Hallucis (oblique + transverse heads)
- Fl. Hall. Brevis + Fl. Dig. Min. Brevis
- Fifth Layer: Interossei + Per. Longus Tendon
