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World History - Rabius > Midterm Exam 2022 > Flashcards

Midterm Exam 2022 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the term for a gathering of people in the 17th & 18th centuries that discussed trendy Enlightened topics, art, society and politics?

A

Salon

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2
Q

What is the term for a group of unchanging moral principles that are a foundation for all human rights.
M. A book written by Thomas Hobbes in 1681 which discusses the ideal structure of government and society.

A

Natural Law

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3
Q

Name the expansive and elaborate French royal palace 40 miles outside of Paris.

A

Versailles

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4
Q

What is the term for the acceptance or belief that monarchs should control everything about a nation and is not restricted by law or unwritten norms.

A

Absolutism

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5
Q

What is the term for a system of government that is ruled by a King or Queen that usually gain power by inheriting it through their family.

A

Monarchy

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6
Q

What is the name of the largest Christian Church and religious domination. Founded by Jesus Christ and his Apostles.

A

Catholicism

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7
Q

What is the term for a system in which the Church and the leaders of the church lead the government.

A

Theocracy

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8
Q

What is the term for the list of grievances that Martin Luther nailed to the church door in Wittenberg, Germany.

A

95 Theses

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9
Q

What is the term for a faith/religion that was founded in the 16th century after the 95 Theses were published.

A

Protestantism

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10
Q

What is the term for the Philosophy popularized during the Renaissance that celebrates human accomplishments and culture.

A

Humanism

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11
Q

What is the term for Someone who supports the arts by paying artists and purchasing their works.

A

Patron

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12
Q

What is the name of the Most powerful banking family that became patrons of the arts.

A

Medici Family

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13
Q

What is the name of the Famous portrait by Leonardo da Vinci

A

Mona Lisa

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14
Q

Who is Thomas Hobbes and why is he famous

A

English Philospher who wrote the Leviathan

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15
Q

Who is Henry VIII and why is he famous?

A

King of England, had 6 wives, Split with the Catholic Church so he could divorce 1st wife.

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16
Q

Who is Leonardo da Vinci and why is he famous?

A

Renaissance painter, Painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper

17
Q

Who is Montesquieu and why is he famous?

A

French Philospher who wrote The Spirit of Laws and main source of idea of separation of powers.

18
Q

Who is Martin Luther and why is he famous?

A

German Monk that nailed a list of 95 grievances to the church door.

19
Q

Who is Elizabeth I and why is she famous?

A

Ruled England for 45 years, 2nd daughter of Henry VIII, returned England to Anglicism

20
Q

Who is Niccolò Machiavelli and why is he famous?

A

Italian Renaissance philosopher and writer, Father of modern political philosophy or political science, wrote The Prince in 1513.

21
Q

Which Enlightenment thinker, who wrote “The Two Treatises on Government”, and believed that the people are rational and can govern themselves?

A

Locke

22
Q

What was a proposed a sun-centered theory of the universe?

A

heliocentric theory

23
Q

Who had the Palace of Versailles built as a demonstration of wealth and power?

A

Louis XIV

24
Q

The Catholic Church opposed the theories of the Scientific Revolution on WHAT basis ?

A

contradicted traditional Church teachings

25
Q

Who invented the telescope, becoming the first to see the landscape of the moon in relative detail?

A

Galileo Galilei

26
Q

According to John Locke, WHY people form governments?

A

protect their natural rights

27
Q

What does the term Renaissance mean?

A

Rebirth

28
Q

Be able to identify famous painting and the artists (example: Last supper / David )

A

Look at your notes

29
Q

What document helped initiate the Protestant Reformation?

A

95 Theses

30
Q

Who discovered that the sun is at the center of the universe?

A

Nicolaus Copernicus

31
Q

Who was the founder of modern chemistry?

A

Robert Boyle

32
Q

Why did Henry VIII have 6 wives?

A

He wanted a son.

33
Q

Who believed that life, liberty, and property were all Natural rights?

A

John Locke

34
Q

What happened to Anne Boelyn - - Henry VII’s 2nd wife?

A

Beheaded

35
Q

In which two countries was Calvinism the dominant religion?

A

Scotland and Netherlands

36
Q

What are some ways that Enlightenment affect the world?

A

Opposition to absolute monarchy
Separation of powers
Liberty and individual rights
Equality
Free market capitalism
Democracy ideas

37
Q

What were some of the benefits of absolutism?

A

Quicker decisions to be made
Makes law making easier
Long term goals to be planned and met

38
Q

What were some of the drawbacks of absolutism?

A

Doesn’t involve a democratic process
Creates and excess of fame
Ordinary people don’t have a say.

39
Q

What was the “Divine Right of Kings” and how did it influence Europe?

A

*A political doctrine in defense of monarchical absolutism.
*Asserted that kings derived their authority from God and could not beheld accountable for their actions by any earthly authority such as a parliament.
*The Kings had a lot of power that was unchecked by other forms of government.

World History - Rabius (6 decks)

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