Midterm Exam Flashcards
What did the Sherman Antitrust Act Outlaw?
Monopolies
What was Andrew Carnegie the head of?
The steel industry
Name the battle where Custer was defeated by the Sioux.
Little Big Horn
What was discovered that led to prospectors pushing west?
Gold
What battle marked the end of the wars between the federal government and the Plains Indians.
The Massacre of Wounded Knee
Why did the policy of treating the Great Plains as a huge reservation change?
As more white moved westward the started taking land in reservations, causing the reservations to shrink to a very small size.
What were key Central part of the life and culture of the Plains Indians in the 1800’s?
Buffalo, horse, and extended family
Who were exodusters?
Free African American slaves who migrated West from the post-reconstruction South.
What was responsible for bringing an end to the era of the wide-open western frontier?
Railroads
What allowed manufacturers to build their factories away from rivers?
Electricity
Where did the 146 female workers die in a fire?
At the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory.
Why were the scabs unpopular with striking workers during the late 1800’s?
Filled in for workers during a sit down strike.
What made it possible to construct skyscrapers in the 1800’s?
The new method of making steel.
What resulted from the investigation of the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire?
Workers rights, fire escapes, and changing local labor laws for women and children.
What contributed to the immense industrial boom of the early 1900’s?
Henry Bessemer’s new method of making steel, natural resources, government, and no shortage of labor because of immigrants.
How did Andrew Carnegie gain control of a large percentage of the steel industry?
Buying out suppliers, competition, and undercutting the competition.
In the late 1800’s, collective bargaining was a technique used to what?
Win workers’ rights by workers negotiating with management.
What social problems did Upton Sinclair’s novel The Jungle describe?
The living and working conditions in Chicago’s meatpacking plants.
What did progressive women reformers work to achieve?
Women’s suffrage and limiting women’s working hours.
What reform did the 19th Amendment enact?
Women’s right to vote
What was one goal of the Americanization movement during the Progressive Era?
Correcting social and political injustices.
Who was WEB DuBois an outspoken critic of?
Booker T. Washington
What did Theodore Roosevelt support?
Businesses that followed the laws.
What resource did the National Reclamation Act directly affect?
Water and how it was distributed.
Why did Roosevelt run for Presidency in 1912?
Taft changed everything Roosevelt did, and Roosevelt was upset about it.
How did Wilson try to protect workers?
By lowering tariffs on goods imported from foreign countries.
What fields did Progressives aim to reform?
Education, improving workplace conditions, and cleaning up the government.
What was one way Progressives differed from Populists?
Progressives were mostly middle-class whites from urban areas, while Populists were farmers.
What did President Wilson accomplish as President?
The Clayton Antitrust Act, lowering tariffs, and created the income tax. He also had strict government control on businesses/corporations.
When was Hawaii annexed?
July 7, 1898
Why did US Navy Commodore George Dewey lead an attack on ships in Manila Bay during the Spanish-American War?
All the Spanish ships were located there.
Who were the “Rough Riders”?
Volunteer cavalry in the Spanish-American War, led by Theodore Roosevelt.
When did the US grant independence to the Philippines?
1946
Why did journalists call the Alaska purchase of 1867 “Seward’s Folly”?
They didn’t see the use of Alaska, bought by Secretary of State William Seward.
What territories did the 1898 Treaty of Paris deal with?
Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, the Philippines, and other Spanish territories.
How did the US gain full control of the Philippines?
Bought if from Spain for $20 million.
How did militarism contribute to increased imperialism?
Made militaries stronger, to protect their territories.
What did Taft do to help restore order in the Philippines?
Censored the press
How did the US show its dominance over the Philippines?
Through military, and power.
What tactic did Filipino insurgents use to undermine American power?
Guerilla warfare
What was Roosevelt’s “big stick” diplomacy?
Roosevelt’s foreign policy where he believed in a strong military so that American goals could be carried out. He used this with the Panama Canal.
What were some causes of WW1?
Imperialism, nationalism, and militarism.
What did the US do to overcome the threat of German U-boats?
The Convoy System
Which of the following was a result of the Selective Service Act?
Way to build up troops, forcing men to draft into the army.
Which weapons of mechanized warfare were introduced in WW1?
Machine guns, airplanes, and tanks
Which of the following nations suffered the fewest casualties?
America
How did WW1 change the lives of American women?
Helped women gain voting rights.
How did WW1 contribute to the African American Great Migration?
White men left for war, so African Americans could move up North to get jobs.
What contributed to women’s suffrage?
White men left for war, so women stepped up and took over their jobs.
Who rejected Wilson’s “Fourteen Points” peace plan?
The League of Nations
What reasons did Senators give for opposing US membership in the League of Nations?
That the League of Nations would pull us into future wars.
What caused the Great Depression?
The stock market crash and people buying stuff on credit, causing debt to grow.
What was the cause of the Dust Bowl?
Over tilling of soil, planting the same crops annually, heat, lack of rain, and high winds.
After the stock market crash, how did President Hoover try to help the economy?
By helping business owners.
What name was given to the men and boy who rode the rails as they searched for work?
Hobos
Which group experienced an early depression in the 1920’s?
Farmers
What caused Black Tuesday?
16 million shares of stock were sold, and the stock market crashed.
Why did so many banks collapse at the beginning of the Great Depression?
People pulled out all their saving from banks.
What key factor contributed to the plight of rural farmers?
Demand for food dropped.
What was the destination of most Dust Bowl migrants?
California Central Valley
Why were banks one of the first institutions to feel the effects of the stock market crash?
Everyone pulled all their money out of banks; bank runs.
Who did Congress institute the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) loan to?
Business owners
