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Biology (Semester 1) > Midterm Crap > Flashcards

Midterm Crap Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 6 characteristics of life?

A
  1. Reproduction
  2. Responsive to environment
  3. Grow and develop
  4. Use of energy
  5. Has organization
  6. Maintains homeostasis
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2
Q

What are the 6 steps of the scientific method?

A
  1. Ask question
  2. Make hypothesis
  3. Experiment
  4. Analyze
  5. Report conclusions
  6. Use conclusions to make a new hypothesis
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3
Q

Define Theory

A

Statement backed by strong consensus from scientific community based on broad range of evidence

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4
Q

Define Law

A

Very precise universal statements describing what always happens in physical world

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5
Q

Who proved the existence of atoms?

A

Einstein

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6
Q

How was the Brownian Motion discovered?

A

Robert Brown was looking at pollen grains through a microscope and had started to notice it jiggle caused by molecules (atoms)

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7
Q

How’s a proton charged

A

Positively

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8
Q

How’s a neutron charged

A

Neutrally

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9
Q

How’s an electron charged

A

Negatively

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10
Q

What determines what type an element an element is?

A

The amount of protons that are in it

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11
Q

How do you find the Atomic weight

A

You add the protons and neutrons

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12
Q

How do you find Mass Number

A
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13
Q

How do you find Atomic Number

A

Look for the number of protons

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14
Q

Define Cell

A

The smallest unit of life responsible for all of life’s processes

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15
Q

Define Homeostasis

A

When an organism maintains and regulates its own inner conditions suitable for its survival

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16
Q

Define Metabolism

A

All of the chemical reactions occurring within an organism

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17
Q

What’s the difference between Asexual reproduction and Sexual reproduction

A

A: Parent produces identical offspring’s
S: Parent produces genetically different offspring’s

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18
Q

Define what the scientific method is

A

A procedure scientists use to gather info. and answer questions

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19
Q

What’s the difference between a Control group and a Experimental group?

A

CG: The group that doesn’t change, but is used to compare the results of the experimental group with
EG: The group that does change and receives the experimental treatment

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20
Q

What’s the difference between an Independent variable and the dependent variable

A

I: The condition that the experimenter switches them selves and is then tested
D: The result or outcome from that changed variable

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21
Q

Why is it important that only one variable be changed in an experiment?

A

So you know which of the factors affected your experimental group

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22
Q

Define and give an example of Molecules

A

Group of atoms held together by covalent bonds (H2O)

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23
Q

Define and give an example of Cells

A

The basic unit of living organisms (Skin Cells)

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24
Q

Define and give an example of Tissue

A

Group of cells that work together as one unit (Muscular Tissue)

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25
Q

Define and give an example of Organism

A

Anything that possesses all the characteristics of life (Human)

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26
Q

Define and give an example of Population

A

A group of organisms of same species that interbreed and live in the same place (Zebras)

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27
Q

Define and give an example of Community

A

Collection of several interacting populations that inhabit a common environment (Coral Reefs)

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28
Q

Define and give an example of Ecosystem

A

Interactions between populations in a community (Forests)

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29
Q

Define and give an example of Biosphere

A

A portion of Earth that supports life

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30
Q

What’s the difference between a transmission electron microscope and a scanning electron microscope?

A

T: Shows/scans the inside of a cell
S: Scans surface of cell

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31
Q

Describe/Order biological life from simple to complex levels

A
  1. Atomic
  2. Molecular
  3. Cellular
  4. Tissue
  5. Organ
  6. Organism
  7. Population
  8. Community
  9. Ecosystem
  10. Biosphere
32
Q

Explain the 3 parts of Cell Theory

A
  1. All cells come from pre-existing cells
  2. Cells are the basic unit of all living organisms
  3. All cells are made up of pre-existing cells
33
Q

Define natural selection

A

Certain traits allow for an individual to be better suited to its environment and can pass its genes on to future generations

34
Q

Define natural fitness

A

An organisms ability to use their adaptions to survive in the wild

35
Q

Define heredity

A

passing of genes

36
Q

Define evolution

A

gradual changes in a species over time through adaptations

37
Q

Define atom

A

The smallest part of an element that still retains properties of that element

38
Q

Define element

A

A pure substance that consists entirely of one atom

39
Q

Define solution

A

The chemical combination of two or more elements in a definite ratio

40
Q

Define ionic bond

A

A bond formed between elements when electrons are transferred from one atom to another

40
Q

Define covalent bonds

A

A bond formed when

41
Q

Define suspension

A

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

41
Q

What are the subatomic particles and where are each located

A

Protons (center/nucleus)
Neutrons (center/nucleus)
Electron (outside ring)

42
Q

Define matter

A

Anything that occupies space and has mass

43
Q

How do you find the number of protons

A

find the atomic number

43
Q

How do you find the number of electrons

A

find the atomic number

43
Q

How do you find the number of neutrons

A

you subtract the mass number by the atomic number

44
Q

What is true about elements that are isotopes

A

They have the same amount of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons

44
Q

Give an example of an element, compound, and mixture

A

E: Iron
C: Water
M: Kool aid or coffee

44
Q

What is a hydrogen bond

A

the attraction between hydrogen atoms and the lone pairs of either Nitrogen, Oxygen, or Fluorine

45
Q

Distinguish between cohesion and adhesion

A

C: Attraction between two molecules of the same substance
A: Attraction between molecules of two different substances

45
Q

Proteins must always have what elements

A

C arbon
H ydrogen
O xygen
N itrogen
S ulfur

46
Q

What are the monomers of proteins

A

Amino acids

46
Q

How many amino acids are there

A

20

46
Q

List the four parts of an amino acid

A

Primary structure
Secondary structure
Tertiary structure
Quaternary structure

47
Q

what hold amino acids together when they are in a protein

A

peptide bonds

47
Q

What elements are found in nucleic acids

A

C arbon
H ydrogen
O xygen
N itrogen
N ucleotides

47
Q

What are the monomers of the nucleic acids

A

nucleotides

48
Q

Name two kids of nucleic acids

A

DNA and RNA

48
Q

What is the function of nucleic acids

A

Storing cellular info. in the form of a code

49
Q

What are the three elements in carbohydrates, in what ratio

A

C arbon (1)
H ydrogen (2)
O xygen (1)

49
Q

What is the main role of the carbohydrate glucose in a living cell

A

mixing with starch to make an energy storage for plants and seeds/bulbs

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Biology (Semester 1) (6 decks)

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