midterm chap5

Question 1

event that creates demands; causes fear when viewed as threatening

Answer 1

stressor

Question 2

involves a person’s reactions to demands

Answer 2

stress response

Question 3

features of arousal and fear are set in this area of the brain

Answer 3

hypothalamus

Question 4

an extensive network of nerve fibers that connect the central nervous system to all other organs in the body; helps control organ involuntary activities

Answer 4

autonomic nervous system

Question 5

a network of glands throughout the body that release hormones

Answer 5

endocrine system

Question 6

nervous system that carries signals that put your body’s systems on alert (activates the fight or flight)

Answer 6

sympathetic

Question 7

nervous system that carries signals that relax your body’s systems (rest and digest)

Answer 7

parasympathetic

Question 8

disorder where fear and related symptoms begin soon after trauma and last for less than one month

Answer 8

acute stress disorder

Question 9

disorder where fear and related symptoms are experienced either shortly after the trauma or months or years afterward

Answer 9

PTSD

Question 10

theory of PTSD causes; brain-body stress routes, brain stress circuit, inherited predisposition

Answer 10

biological factors

Question 11

childhood experiences that increase the risk for later PTSD

Answer 11

chronic neglect or abuse, poverty, parental conflict, catastrophe, family members with psychological disorders

Question 12

theory of PTSD causes; preexisting memory impairments, intolerance of uncertainty, inflexible coping style, and negative worldview versus resiliency and manageable stress exposure in childhood

Answer 12

cognitive factors and coping styles

Question 13

theory of PTSD causes; weak family and social support systems

Answer 13

social support systems

Question 14

sense of who we are and where we fit in our environment

Answer 14

identity

Question 15

disorder where a person experiences a disruption to their identity, as reflected by at least two separate personality states or experiences of possession

Answer 15

DID

Question 16

the best treatment for DID

Answer 16

CB therapy; therapists help recognize fully the nature of their disorder, recover the gaps in their memory, and integrate their subpersonalities into one functional personality

Question 17

when a person cannot recall important life-related information, typically traumatic or stressful information

Answer 17

dissociative amnesia

Question 18

most common type of amnesia; loss of all memory of events occurring within a limited period

Answer 18

localized amnesia

Question 19

type of amnesia where there is loss of memory for some, but not all, events occurring within a period

Answer 19

selective amnesia

Question 20

type of amnesia where there is loss of memory beginning with an event, but extending back in time; may lose sense of identity; may fail to recognize friends and family

Answer 20

generalized amnesia

Question 21

forgetting continues into the future; quite rare in cases of dissociative amnesia

Answer 21

continuous amnesia

Question 22

when people not only forget their personal identities and details of their past but also flee to an entirely different location

Answer 22

dissociative fugue

Question 23

feeling separation from own body, seeing self from inside (doubling), having mechanical dreamlike, dizzy feelings

Answer 23

depersonalization

Question 24

feeling the external world is unreal and strange, changing object shape or size, and may see other people as robots

Answer 24

derealization