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abnormal psycholgogy > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

1
Q

a disorder with false creation of physical psychological symptoms, or deceptive production of injury or disease, even without rewards (can be imposed on self or another person)

A

factitious disorder

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2
Q

causes of factitious disorder

A

poor social support or relationships, little family life, extensive medical treatment in childhood, grudge against medical profession, employed as nurse or lab tech

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3
Q

treatment for factitious disorder

A

clinicians are unable to develop dependably effective treatments for this disorder

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4
Q

a disorder with neurological-like symptoms inconsistent with known neurological or medical disease, usually beginning in late childhood and young adulthood; often appears suddenly during extreme stress and not consciously wanted or purposely produced

A

conversion disorder

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5
Q

disorder where the person experiences at least on upsetting or repeatedly disruptive physical symptom, person experiences unreasonable number of thoughts, feelings, and behavior about physical symptoms

A

somatic symptom disorder

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6
Q

disorder where person i preoccupied with thoughts about having or getting a significant illness; in reality person has no or, at most, mild somatic symptoms

A

illness anxiety disorder

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7
Q

give examples of psychological treatments for physical disorders

A

relaxation training, biofeedback (EMG), meditation, hypnosis, cognitive-behavioral intervention, support groups and emotion expression, combination approaches

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8
Q

version of anorexia in which you lose weight by cutting out sweets and fattening snacks, eventually eliminating all food

A

restricting type

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9
Q

eating disorder where individuals purposely takes in too little nourishment, resulting in body weight that is very low and below that of other people of similar age and gender

A

anorexia nervosa

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10
Q

version of anorexia in which you lose weight by forcing yourself to vomit after meals or by abusing laxatives or diuretics

A

binge-eating/purging type

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11
Q

disorder marked by frequent eating binges followed by forced vomiting or other extreme compensatory behaviors to avoid gaining weight

A

bulimia nervosa

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12
Q

repeated eating binges during which people feel no control over their eating and do not engage in inappropriate compensatory behavior

A

binge-eating disorder

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13
Q

leading factors of eating disorders

A

little control over life may result in excess control of body size, disturbed mother-child interactions, depression, societal pressures

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14
Q

treatment for anorexia

A

immediate aims are to regain lost weight, recover from malnourishment, and eat normally again; long-term goals are to change family interactions, and achieve lasting changes

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15
Q

treatment for bulimia

A

nutritional rehabilitation, combination of therapies aimed at elimination of underlying causes of bulimia, cognitive-behavioral therapy, other forms of psychotherapy

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16
Q

any substance other than food affecting our bodies or minds, including alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine

A

drug

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17
Q

cluster of changes in behavior, emotion, or thought caused by substances

A

substance intoxication

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18
Q

maladaptive behavior patterns and reactions caused by repeated substance use

A

substance use disorder

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19
Q

a substance that slows the activity of the central nervous system, reduces tension and inhibitions, may interfere with judgement, motor activity, and concentration

A

depressants

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20
Q

the intersections between the mental health field and the legal and judicial systems are collectively referred to as

A

forensic psychology

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21
Q

older individuals with alzheimers disease differ from older individuals without alzheimers disease because…

A

they have an extraordinary number of neurofibrillary tangles

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22
Q

examples of depressants are

A

alcohol, opioids, sedative hypnotic drugs, and benzodiazepines

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23
Q

examples of stimulants are

A

caffeine, cocaine, amphetamines

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24
Q

examples of hallucinogens are

A

LSD, ecstasy, psychedelic drugs

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25
Q

what is the blood alcohol percentage of intoxication

A

.09%

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26
Q

any alcoholic beverage containing ethyl alcohol, absorbed through stomach lining, takes effect in bloodstream and central nervous system

A

alcohol

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27
Q

withdrawal symptoms

A

body shakes, weakness, nausea, rapid heartbeat, blood pressure rises, delirium tremors (terrifying visual hallucinations that begin 3 days after stopping drinking), shivering and sweating

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28
Q

delirium tremors

A

terrifying visual hallucinations that begin 3 days after they stop or reduce alcohol consumption

29
Q

why did the dsm-5 consider gambling disorder as an addictive disorder?

A

it is defined by its addictive nature and heightened dopamine activity and dysfunction while gambling

30
Q

state in which a person loses contact with reality in key ways

A

psychosis

31
Q

a psychotic disorder in which personal, social, and occupational functioning deteriorates as a result of unusual perceptions, odd thoughts, disturbed emotions, and motor abnormalities

A

schizophrenia

32
Q

symptoms of schizophrenia that are pathological excesses or bizarre additions to a person’s behavior

A

positive symptoms

33
Q

examples of positive symptoms of schizophrenia

A

delusions, disorganized thinking or speech, heightened perceptions and hallucinations, inappropriate effect

34
Q

type of delusion in schizophrenia where the person is convinced someone is mistreating or conspiring against them (example: believed to being tracked or followed)

A

delusion of persecution

35
Q

type of delusion in schizophrenia where the person believes that things have special meanings, messages are directly for them (example: someone is speaking directly to them through the T.V.)

A

delusion of reference

36
Q

type of delusion in schizophrenia where the person has a false sense of belief of power or importance (example: claim to be god, angel, president)

A

delusion of grandeur

37
Q

type of delusion in schizophrenia where the person believes the sense of self-agency is being disrupted (example: someone is planting thoughts in my head)

A

delusion of control

38
Q

symptoms of schizophrenia that are pathological deficits like poverty of speech (alogia)

A

negative symptoms

39
Q

examples of negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A

poverty of speech (alogia), show less emotion, avoidance of eye contact, immobile or expressionless face

40
Q

symptoms of schizophrenia that are shown as awkward movements, repeated grimaces, and odd gestures; symptoms may take extreme forms known as catatonia

A

psychomotor symptoms

41
Q

the rate of concordance for schizophrenia in identical twins

A

48%

42
Q

the rate of concordance for schizophrenia in fraternal twins

A

17%

43
Q

most common treatments for schizophrenia

A

psychotherapy, first and second generation antipsychotic drugs

44
Q

strange, false beliefs that are firmly held despite evidence to the contrary

A

delusions

45
Q

perceptions that a person has in the absence of external stimuli

A

hallucinations

46
Q

type of psychotic disorder where persistent delusions that are not bizarre and not due to schizophrenia; persecutory, jealous, grandiose, and somatic delusions are common

A

delusional disorder

47
Q

hypothesis that explains certain neurons using dopamine fire too often which produce symptoms of schizophrenia

A

dopamine hypothesis

48
Q

biological view of schizophrenia

A

exposure to virus before birth triggers a passed-on immune response that interrupts fetal brain development; brain circuit structures function and interconnections unique to this disorder

49
Q

what are the three clusters of personality disorders

A

odd, dramatic, and anxious

50
Q

characterized by deep distrust and suspicion of motives of others (limit close relationships, trust in own ideas and abilities, critical of others)

A

paranoid personality disorder (Odd)

51
Q

persistent avoidance and removal from social relationships and little demonstrations of emotions (prefer to be alone, limited expressions of feelings)

A

schizoid personality disorder (Odd)

52
Q

characterized by a range of interpersonal problems, marked by extreme discomfort in close relationships, odd or bizarre ways of thinking, and behavioral eccentricities

A

schizotypal personality disorder (Odd)

53
Q

characterized by persistent disregard and violation of others rights (must be at least 18)

A

antisocial personality disorder (dramatic)

54
Q

characterized by instability, including major shifts in mood, unstable self-image, and impulsivity

A

borderline personality disorder (dramatic)

55
Q

a personality disorder where individuals are extremely emotional and continually seek to be the center of attention

A

histrionic personality disorder (dramatic)

56
Q

characterized by need for admiration, grandiose, feel no empathy with others

A

narcissistic personality disorder (dramatic)

57
Q

characterized by consistent discomfort and restraint in social situations, overwhelming feelings of inadequacy, and extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation

A

avoidant personality disorder (anxious)

58
Q

characterized by pervasive need to be cared for; separation difficulty

A

dependent personality disorder (anxious)

59
Q

characterized by intense focus on orderliness, perfectionism, and control and resulting loss of flexibility, openness, and efficiency

A

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (anxious)

60
Q

for at least a year, individual repeatedly displays severe outburst of temper that are extremely out of proportion to triggering situations and different from ones displayed by most others their age

A

disruptive mood regulation disorder

61
Q

children with this disorder are repeatedly argumentative and defiant, angry and irritable, and, in some cases, vindictive

A

oppositional defiant disorder

62
Q

child repeatedly behaves in ways that violate the rights of other people and ignores the norms or rules of society, beyond the violations displayed by most others their age

A

conduct disorder

63
Q

repeated involuntary bed-wetting or wetting of ones clothes

A

enuresis

64
Q

soiling; defecation into clothing; constipation

A

encopresis

65
Q

great difficulty attending to tasks, or behave overactively and impulsively, or both; symptoms often feed into one another

A

ADHD

66
Q

children with this disorder may be extremely unresponsive to others, uncommunicative, repetitive, and rigid

A

autism spectrum disorder

67
Q

displays general intellectual functioning that is well below average, in combination with poor adaptive behavior

A

intellectual disability

68
Q

when people accused of crimes are judged to be mentally unstable

A

criminal commitment

69
Q
A

abnormal psycholgogy (7 decks)

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