midterm chap1 Flashcards
the scientific study of abnormal behavior in an effort to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning
abnormal psychology
a society’s stated and unstated rules for proper conduct
norms
a society’s history, values, institutions, skills, technology, and arts
culture
abnormal behavior, thoughts, and emotions are those that differ markedly from a society’s ideas about proper functioning
deviance
behavior that interferes with daily functioning; it upsets, distracts, or confuses people that they cannot care for themselves properly
dysfunction
behavior that is consistently careless, hostile, or confused and may be placing themselves or those around them at risk
danger
what are the four D’s to abnormality?
deviant, distress, dysfunction, and danger
known as the father of American psychiatry; promoted and spread moral treatment in the United States and developed more humane approaches to treatment
Benjamin Rush
advocated for moral treatment that emphasized humane and respectful techniques; founded the York Retreat where about 30 mental patients lived as guests in a quiet country house
William Tuke
perspective that states abnormal functioning has physical causes
somatogenic perspective
perspective that states abnormal functioning has psychological causes
psychogenic perspective
a detailed, interpretative description of a person’s life and psychological problems
case study
limitations of case studies
biased observers, reliance on subjective evidence, and little basis for generalization
method of which the variable is manipulated and the manipulations effect on another variable is observed
experimental method
manipulated variable is also known as
independent variable
variable being observed is also known as
dependent variable
outcome of the correlational method in which variables change in the same way
positive correlation
outcome of the correlational method where the value of one variable increases as the value of the other variable decreases
negative correlation
group of research participants who are not exposed to the independent variable
control group
group of research participants who are exposed to the independent variable under investigation
experimental group
a beneficial health outcome resulting from a person’s anticipation that an intervention will help
placebo effect
researchers that use the scientific method to uncover nomothetic principles of abnormal psychological functioning
clinical researchers
what happened in the 1950s?
psychotropic drugs became available to the public
