midterm chap1

Question 1

the scientific study of abnormal behavior in an effort to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning

Answer 1

abnormal psychology

Question 2

a society’s stated and unstated rules for proper conduct

Answer 2

norms

Question 3

a society’s history, values, institutions, skills, technology, and arts

Answer 3

culture

Question 4

abnormal behavior, thoughts, and emotions are those that differ markedly from a society’s ideas about proper functioning

Answer 4

deviance

Question 5

behavior that interferes with daily functioning; it upsets, distracts, or confuses people that they cannot care for themselves properly

Answer 5

dysfunction

Question 6

behavior that is consistently careless, hostile, or confused and may be placing themselves or those around them at risk

Answer 6

danger

Question 7

what are the four D’s to abnormality?

Answer 7

deviant, distress, dysfunction, and danger

Question 8

known as the father of American psychiatry; promoted and spread moral treatment in the United States and developed more humane approaches to treatment

Answer 8

Benjamin Rush

Question 9

advocated for moral treatment that emphasized humane and respectful techniques; founded the York Retreat where about 30 mental patients lived as guests in a quiet country house

Answer 9

William Tuke

Question 10

perspective that states abnormal functioning has physical causes

Answer 10

somatogenic perspective

Question 11

perspective that states abnormal functioning has psychological causes

Answer 11

psychogenic perspective

Question 12

a detailed, interpretative description of a person’s life and psychological problems

Answer 12

case study

Question 13

limitations of case studies

Answer 13

biased observers, reliance on subjective evidence, and little basis for generalization

Question 14

method of which the variable is manipulated and the manipulations effect on another variable is observed

Answer 14

experimental method

Question 15

manipulated variable is also known as

Answer 15

independent variable

Question 16

variable being observed is also known as

Answer 16

dependent variable

Question 17

outcome of the correlational method in which variables change in the same way

Answer 17

positive correlation

Question 18

outcome of the correlational method where the value of one variable increases as the value of the other variable decreases

Answer 18

negative correlation

Question 19

group of research participants who are not exposed to the independent variable

Answer 19

control group

Question 20

group of research participants who are exposed to the independent variable under investigation

Answer 20

experimental group

Question 21

a beneficial health outcome resulting from a person’s anticipation that an intervention will help

Answer 21

placebo effect

Question 22

researchers that use the scientific method to uncover nomothetic principles of abnormal psychological functioning

Answer 22

clinical researchers

Question 23

what happened in the 1950s?

Answer 23

psychotropic drugs became available to the public