Midterm - 7&8

Question 1

Conditioning is the process of

Answer 1

Learning associations

Question 2

Pets who learn that the sound of an electric can opener signals the arrival of their food illustrate

Answer 2

Classical conditioning

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a respondent behavior

Answer 3

Blushing when embarrassed

Question 4

Voluntary behaviors that produce rewarding or punishing outcomes are called

Answer 4

Operant behaviors

Question 5

John B. Watson considered himself to be a

Answer 5

Behaviorist

Question 6

A dog salivates to the sound of a tone because the tone has regularly been associated with the delivery of food. In this case, the tone is called a

Answer 6

Conditioned stimulus

Question 7

In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, infants develop a fear of books after books are repeatedly presented with a loud noise. In this fictional example, the loud noise is an

Answer 7

Conditioned stimulus

Question 8

Monica’s psychotherapist reminds her so much of her own father that she has many of the same mixed emotional reactions to him that she has to her own dad. Her reactions to her therapist best illustrate the importance of

Answer 8

Generalization

Question 9

A Skinner box is a

Answer 9

Chamber containing a bar or key that an animal can manipulate to obtain an award

Question 10

Shaping is an _____ procedure

Answer 10

Operant conditioning

Question 11

Socially responsive toddlers who readily imitate their parents tend to become preschoolers with a strong internalized conscience. This best illustrates the impact of

Answer 11

Observational learning

Question 12

The persistence of learning over time most clearly depends on

Answer 12

Memory

Question 13

Which test of memory typically provides the fewest retrieval cues

Answer 13

Recall

Question 14

The process of encoding refers to

Answer 14

Getting information to memory

Question 15

The process of getting information out of memory is called

Answer 15

Retrieval

Question 16

Shelly was able to remember the names of three new class members for only a minute or two after they had been introduced to her. During this entire minute or two their names were stored in her _____ memory

Answer 16

Short-term

Question 17

Explicit memories are

Answer 17

Memories of facts and personal events that can be consciously retrieved

Question 18

You are most likely to automatically encode information about

Answer 18

The sequence of your day’s events

Question 19

George Miller proposed that about seven information bits constitutes the capacity of _____ memory

Answer 19

Short-term

Question 20

A mnemonic is a

Answer 20

Memory aid

Question 21

Children can better remember an ancient Latin verse if they rehearse the meanings of the Latin words. This best illustrates the value of

Answer 21

Deep processing

Question 22

The experience of emotionally stressful events is especially likely to promote

Answer 22

Tunnel vision memory

Question 23

Memories are primed by

Answer 23

Retrieval cues

Question 24

Psychologists define learning as the process of

Answer 24

Acquiring new information or relatively enduring behaviors