Final - 15&16 Flashcards
Dysfunctional behaviors are maladaptive, which means that they
Interfere with normal day-to-day life
The DSM-5 does not
Explain the causes of the various psychological disorders
According to the medical model, psychological disorders are
Sicknesses that need to be diagnosed and in most cases cured
In the DSM-5, a condition formerly known as “Asperger’s Syndrome” is now included under the label
Autism spectrum disorder
When children are told that certain classmates have learning disabilities, they may behave in ways that inhibit the success of those students in the classroom. This best illustrates the dangers of
Self-fulfilling prophecies
A generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by
A continuous state of tension, apprehension, and autonomic nervous system arousal
Obsessions are
Offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person
A traumatic experience may trigger a lasting phobia in a child with a sensitive, high-strung temperament. The same experience, however, may have no long-term impact on a child with a more relaxed temperament. This best illustrates the role of _____ in the development of phobias
Genetic predispositions
In which disorder do people alternate between states of lethargic hopelessness and wild overexcitement
Bipolar disorder
Rumination is
Compulsive fretting and overthinking about problems and their causes
Flat affect and catatonia are symptoms most closely associated with
Schizophrenia with negative symptoms
A psychological disorder is a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance that
Represents a significant disturbance in a persons cognitions, emotion regulation, or behaviors
Psychological disorders that can be overcome with techniques such as counterconditioning are most likely to be treated with
Psychotherapy
The first psychological therapy was introduced by
Sigmund Freud
Transference refers to a client’s
Expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier life relationships
Psychodynamic therapy is _____ than traditional psychoanalysis
Briefer
Humanistic therapists are likely to teach clients to
Take more responsibility for their own feelings and actions
An important feature of client-centered therapy is
Active listening
Systematic desensitization involves
Associating a pleasant relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli
Stress inoculation training focuses on helping people to
Replace negative self-talk with more positive comments
Group therapy is typically more effective than individual therapy for
Enabling people to discover that others have problems similar to their own
The placebo effect refers to
The beneficial consequences of merely expecting that a treatment will be effective
Light exposure therapy was developed to relieve symptoms of
Depression
The therapeutic alliance refers to
A bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and a client
