Midterm 4 (Ch. 18,19,20)

Question 1

If the receiving cell were a muscle cell, what neurotransmitter would you expect to find in the synaptic vesicle?

Answer 1

ACh (Acetylcholine)

Question 2

Which tissue type includes fat and blood

Answer 2

connective

Question 3

What is responsible for voluntary movement?

Answer 3

concious thought and striated muscle

Question 4

Which tissue type lines the intestines and helps in the absorption of nutrients?

Answer 4

epithelial

Question 5

What process is responsible for the maintenance of blood glucose levels by the liver?

Answer 5

negative feedback

Question 6

What activity of the liver makes it act as an accessory organ?

Answer 6

production of bile

Question 7

What would a person born without an epiglottis not be able to do?

Answer 7

swallow food without choking

Question 8

Just before entering the small intestine, what is the pH of chyme?

Answer 8

Acidic (low pH)

Question 9

What is the contraction of smooth muscles that moves a bolus of food down the esophagus called?

Answer 9

peristalsis

Question 10

A person can live a normal life without which digestive system organ?

Answer 10

gall bladder

Question 11

What is emulsification?

Answer 11

breaking up of fat molecules

Question 12

During exhalation, when the diaphragm relaxes and the volume of the chest cavity decreases, how is the air pressure inside the lungs affected?

Answer 12

it increases

Question 13

What is the respiratory surface where gas exchange occurs?

Answer 13

alveoli

Question 14

How do the substances in tobacco smoke increase your risk for stroke and heart attack?

Answer 14

the promote the production of the clotting factor, fibrinogen

Question 15

What region of the heart acts as the heart’s pacemaker?

Answer 15

sinoatrial node

Question 16

In which blood vessels is blood pressure the lowest?

Answer 16

veins

Question 17

Which structures lining the tissue surface of the respiratory tract can be damaged by airborne particles?

Answer 17

cilia

Question 18

Why is carbon monoxide deadly?

Answer 18

It binds to the hemoglobin in red blood cells in place of oxygen

Question 19

Which structures have valves to prevent blood from flowing backward?

Answer 19

veins

Question 20

Which chamber of the heart receives the deoxygenated blood from the systemic system first?

Answer 20

right atrium

Question 21

As air is inhaled, which of these four structures is the last to be encountered?

Answer 21

bronchiole

Question 22

What is the advantage of having grape-like clusters called alveoli as part of the respiratory system?

Answer 22

Alveoli allow for an increase in surface area, which maximizes gas exchange

Question 23

Which statement about respiration is true?

Answer 23

Exhalation is an active process during intense exercise

Question 24

Where can most of the oxygen in the blood be found?

Answer 24

bound to hemoglobin

Question 25

What is a possible side effect of having one's gallbladder removed?

Answer 25

Fat digestion is impaired

Question 26

What description applies to accessory organs?

Answer 26

They secrete enzymes required for digestion

Question 27

Which organ secretes a buffer that neutralizes the acidity of stomach acid?

Answer 27

pancreas

Question 28

Where do the collecting ducts in the kidneys terminate?

Answer 28

renal pelvis

Question 29

What risk may result from mixing alcohol with energy drinks?

Answer 29

Energy drinks may mask the true intoxicating effects of alcohol

Question 30

How many alcoholic drinks can generally be metabolized in one hour?

Answer 30

one

Question 31

How does drinking larger doses of alcohol have negative physiological effects on the body?

Answer 31

The blood pressure increases to remove toxins

Question 32

Which tissue type lines the intestines and helps in the absorption of nutrients?

Answer 32

epitheleal

Question 33

Which tissue type includes fat and blood?

Answer 33

connective

Question 34

What is a function of loose connective tissue?

Answer 34

to hold organs in place

Question 35

Which cellular component of blood helps in clotting?

Answer 35

platelets

Question 36

How do striated and smooth muscles differ?

Answer 36

Striated muscle has a banding pattern under the microscope, but smooth muscle doesn't

Question 37

In what type of tissue would platelets be found?

Answer 37

Connective tissues

Question 38

What material provides the internal, flexible support of the ear?

Answer 38

Connective tissues

Question 39

Unlike most organs, which donated organ can be cut into smaller sections and transplanted eventually growing back to full size in both the donor and recipient?

Answer 39

liver

Question 40

What is the correct sequence of bodily organization, from simple to complex?

Answer 40

cells--tissues--organs--organ systems--organisms

Question 41

What does homeostasis allow an organism to do?

Answer 41

maintain a constant internal environment

Question 42

Blood pumped from the right side of the heart goes to the _____ via _____.

Answer 42

lungs; arteries

Question 43

During inhalation,

Answer 43

the diaphragm and rib muscles contract

Question 44

From which structures do oxygen molecules move from the lungs to the blood?

Answer 44

Alveoli

Question 45

After blood becomes oxygenated,

Answer 45

it returns to the heart, and is then pumped to body cells

Question 46

What is hemoglobin?

Answer 46

is a protein that can bind four molecules of oxygen.

Question 47

A human cell placed into a hypertonic solution is likely to

Answer 47

lose water by osmosis

Question 48

A human cell placed in a hypotonic environment would

Answer 48

take up water through osmosis

Question 49

Which structure(s) in your mouth help(s) to break food down chemically?

Answer 49

Salivary glands

Question 50

What function is performed by the large intestine?

Answer 50

Water absorption

Question 51

Which statement best describes fat digestion?

Answer 51

The bulk of fat digestion takes place in the small intestine with the release of bile from the gallbladder and enzymes from the pancreas.

Question 52

Sally eats a bagel for breakfast. In which body part does the chemical digestion of the bagel begin?

Answer 52

Mouth

Question 53

Part complete Through which structure does urine exit the body?

Answer 53

Urethra

Question 54

Current advances in tissue engineering seemingly rely on which of the following?

Answer 54

Stem cells

Question 55

The majority of food is absorbed into the bloodstream via the __________.

Answer 55

Small intestines

Question 56

After you chew your food, what is the saliva-covered mass that remains?

Answer 56

bolus

Question 57

Who is most likely to experience nasal regurgitation?

Answer 57

Young child

Question 58

Which of the following people is most likely to suffer from cirrhosis?

Answer 58

An obese man with an alcohol