Midterm

Question 0

Acute

Answer 0

Brief intense severe

Question 1

Pharmacology

Answer 1

The study of the manner in which function of living systems is affected by chemical agents

Question 2

Chronic

Answer 2

Long lasting

Not severe

Question 3

Carcinogenic

Answer 3

causes cancer

Question 4

teratogenic

Answer 4

causing birth defects

Question 5

euphoria

Answer 5

state of exaggerated well being

Question 6

Peripheral

Answer 6

ay the extremities

Question 7

Peristalsis

Answer 7

rhythmic motion of GI system in digestion

Question 8

Syndrome

Answer 8

signs and symptoms associated with a disease

Question 9

Synergistic

Answer 9

working together to give super addictive effects

Question 10

tachycardia

Answer 10

abnormally fast HR

Question 11

Bradycardia

Answer 11

slow HR

Question 12

renal

Answer 12

pertaining to kidney

Question 13

visceral

Answer 13

pertaining to internal organs

Question 14

emetic

Answer 14

drug that induces vomiting

Question 15

febrile

Answer 15

feverish

Question 16

antipyretic

Answer 16

drug that reduces fever

Question 17

analgesic

Answer 17

drug that reduces pain

Question 18

drug

Answer 18

absorbed substance that changes or enhances any physical or psychological function in the body

Question 19

three type of drugs produces withdrawal syndrome

Answer 19

1. depressants ie. alcohol
2. Opiates ie. herion
3. stimulants ie. cocaine

Question 20

withdrawal syndrome

Answer 20

a crisis with varying degrees of physical and emotional severity, that accompany the abrupt removal of a drug on which the person has become dependent

Question 21

receptor site theory

Answer 21

drugs act as specific locations in tissue and organs

Question 22

agonist

Answer 22

a drug that fits in a receptor and causes a response

Question 23

antagonist

Answer 23

a drug which binds to a receptor site effectively excluding the binding of other substances

Question 24

where are drugs from

Answer 24

- animals - plants - chemical synthesis - gene splicing

Question 25

difference between organic and inorganic

Answer 25

organic - carbon I inorganic - no carbon

Question 26

4 subcategories of hydrocarbons

Answer 26

1. alkanes 2. alkenes 3. alkynes 4. aromatics - contains 1+ benzene ring(s)

Question 27

2 types of lipoproteins

Answer 27

1. HDL- high density lipoprotein; unsaturated fatty acids 2.LDL- Low density lipoprotein; saturated fatty acids VLDL- very low density lipoprotein

Question 28

Lipitor

Answer 28

drug that treats high cholesterol (atorvastatin)

Question 29

What is the therapeutic index of a drug

Answer 29

TD50/ED50

Question 30

what are the 7 routes of administration of drugs:

Answer 30

1. Oral ingestion 2. Inhalation 3. Parenteral administration 4. Body Orifices 5. Skin Application ->Transdermal (skin patch) Systems 7. Implantable drug delivery 8. Microsponge

Question 31

How do drugs get to their target?

Answer 31

- enter the body, move through it, interact with their target, undergo elimination (Pharmacokinetics)

Question 32

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 32

``` study of rates or drug concentration in the body factors are: - absorption - distribution - metabolism - excretion ```

Question 33

blood brain barrier

Answer 33

fat soluble drug penetrate this more easily than water soluble materials transport across the barrier is a complex biochemical process

Question 34

whats the intial metabolic effects on drugs

Answer 34

1. hydrolysis- addition of h2o to cleve ester 2. Chemically - linked to amino acid 3. oxidation/ salt formation to become soluble

Question 35

effective dosage (ED50)

Answer 35

dose of a drug causes the desired effect in 50% of all test subjects

Question 36

toxic dose (TD50)

Answer 36

dose of a drug causes 50% of all test subjects to experience toxic effects

Question 37

therapeutic index

Answer 37

TI = TD50/ED50 | if therapeutic index is high then its safe

Question 38

drug - drug interaction: 2 major types:

Answer 38

1. Synergism- 2 drugs may act on each other to enhance each other's effects 2. Antagonistic (off setting)- stimulant effect on CNS, to nullify the effects of another drug