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Final Drug List Flashcards

1
Q

Abilify

A

Prevents manic reoccurrence to treat bipolar

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2
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Antipyretic and analgesic but non-anti-inflammatory, (NSAID) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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3
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Neurotransmitter in parasympathic nerves: Slows HR Control voluntary muscles Contract involuntary muscles Keep CNS working as an integrated unit

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4
Q

Alcohol

A

A CNS depressant but act as a stimulant Oldest known synthetic drug

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5
Q

Ambien & lunesta

A

BDA sleep inducers

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6
Q

Alka seltzer

A

Antacid (neutralize stomach acid) and Relieves pain. OTC Drug

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7
Q

Androgel & Axiron

A

(low testosterone) – a hormone replacement therapy for men. side effects: ↑Heart attacks & Strokes

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8
Q

Antihistamine

A

a drug that inhibits the physiological effects on histamine, used to treat allergies

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9
Q

Atropine

A

general inhibitor of acetylcholine, treats overdose of organophate and carbamate, heart simulant

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10
Q

Aspirin

A

anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, analgesic, and antipyretic (fever lowering effects). From willow barks Chemical: Acetylsalicylic acid. NSAID) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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11
Q

Barbiturates

A

minor tranquilizer, depresses respiration, abused

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12
Q

Beta-Blockers

A

treatment of hypertension, high BP, HR, chest pain

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13
Q

Bexarotene

A

oral anticancer drug; fights skin cancers (2012) BRAND: Targretin possible treatment to Alzheimer’s drug

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14
Q

Blood doping (EPO)

A

an anabolic protein, naturally in kidneys. gene splicing treat kidney failure. Increases the blood’s ability to supply oxygen (↑ RBC). Abuse: Athletes use to ↑ stamina in endurance sports. Side effects: thicken blood to dangerous level -> blood clots in vital organs

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15
Q

Caffeine

A

Excites CNS -> clearer thinking, increases sensitivity to stimuli & physical coordination. A vasodilator of the coronary arteries increased peripheral circulation & a Vasoconstrictor to blood vessels in the brain

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16
Q

Botox

A

analgesic, treats chronic migraines. botulinum toxin A; most toxic subtance. (NSAID) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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17
Q

Champix Pfizer

A

varenicline (synthetic) stimulates nicotine receptors less strongly than nicotine -> reduce craving for nicotine (nicotine treatment)

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18
Q

Celebrex

A

anti-inflammatory, antipyretic & analgesic less stomach irritation than aspirin. NSAID) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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19
Q

Chloroquine

A

treat malaria but many side effects, overdose fatal, malaria became resistance to it

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20
Q

Chlorpromazine

A

aesthetic, calms and reduces shock. humane methods of coping w/ psychotic behaviour. Treats schizophrenia

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21
Q

Cocaine

A

coca bush. stimulant, analgesic intense euphoria -> addictive.

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22
Q

Colchicine

A

alkaloid (contain Nitrogen) used to treat Gout

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23
Q

Corticosteroid (cortisone)

A

anti-inflammatory steroids produced in adrenal cortex

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24
Q

Cortisone

A

(natural) controls glucose production in cell, reduce inflammation in joints & other tissues

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25
Creatine
an aa, produces creatine phosphate, used to convert ADP to ATP. Treats ALS (degenerative muscle disease).
26
Crestor
cholesterol lowering, contains fluorine
27
Digitalis
cardio active steroid from foxglove plant
28
Dig(it)oxin
heart stimulant, TI = 2 small margin between effectiveness and toxicity. Dangerous interaction w/antibiotics and adrenaline.
29
Dopamine
behavioural stability, voluntary muscle coordination, memory, emotions.neurotransmitter
30
Equanil
minor tranquillizer with a propanediol structure, lower TI than BDA’s
31
Fentanyl
analgesic/anaesthetic in surgery, less nausea than morphine and codeine, stronger than morphine, abused. Believed to bind with all opiate receptors
32
GABA
(Gamma Amino Butyric Acid) inhibitory/mood modulating. Can bind with BDA drugs; minor tranquillers
33
Gossypol
reduces sperm count, no effect on sex hormones, side effects: might cannot be irreversible; nausea, loss in appetite.
34
Growth Hormones (HGH)
anabolic aa, treat idiopathic short stature. Abused by athletes to build competitive bodies. Side effect: brain tumour
35
Heroin
analgesic, euphoria, stupor, addictive: 1st synthesized from morphine
36
Halcion
minor tranquilizer, sleeping pills, half-life of 3 hrs, teratogenic
37
Hot Hormone
HRT for women. Estrone isolated from PMU has similar activity as estradiol (the principal human estrogen).
38
Librium
Dr. Leo Sternbach -\> Hofmann La Roche (1954), a minor tranquillizers. a BDA treats anxiety and alcoholism
39
H2 Blockers
suppress stomach acid before heartburn, blocks histamine receptor (H2 site) promotes production of stomach acid
40
Ibuprofen
anti-inflammatory, antipyretic & analgesic, NSAID) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
41
Lidocaine & Procaine
cut street cocaine, are cheap
42
Lipitor
Bruce Roth (1985), treats high cholesterol by biosynthesis cholesterol and stabilizes plaque in blood so cholesterol doesn’t go in arteries, contains fluorine
43
Lithium Carbonate
John Cade (1949), treats the manic phase by stabilizing mood swings, but doesn’t cure, low TI, lowers serum calcium levels, treats bipolar
44
L-DOPA
biogenetic precursor to dopamine: just a COOH extra: Decarboxylation. Can cross the Blood-brain barrier while dopamine can’t
45
LSD
(Lysergic acid Diethyamide) Albert Hofmann, hallucinogen, blocks serotonin receptors in the brain -\> limiting serotonin activity. Increases the effect of norepinephrine -\> CNS stimulation. Increased HR & BP
46
Marijuana
cannabis, most commonly use illegal drug. TI =1000. Release Tetrahydrocannabinol (a fat soluble chemical responsible for the psychological effects)
47
Maalox
Contains Al(OH)3 and Mg(OH)2. Used for people on low sodium diets (blood pressure patients). OTC drug
48
MDA
an amphetamine eliciting a sensual, euphoria → MDMA (Ecstacy) last 4-8 hrs.
49
Mescaline
hallucinogen compound extracted from peyote mushrooms
50
Methadone
help heroin addicts has a 24hr half life, an opioid, used for addiction therapy but addictive
51
Miltown
minor tranquillizer with a prepanediol structure, lower TI than BDA’s
52
Morphine and codeine
narcotic analgesics, extracted from opium poppies, depressant cough centre in the medulla oblongata
53
Naloxone
treat heroin overdoses; binds to the opiate receptor more strongly than heroin
54
Nicorette
anti-smoking chewing gum (contains: nicotine bound to an ion exchange resin)
55
Naproxen
anti-inflammatory, antipyretic & analgesic. Treats arthritis and other inflammation. NSAID) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
56
Nicotine
CNS stimulant, release dopamine from the brain\> stimulates the adrenal glands to secrete adrenaline. Respiration & HR, BP increase.
57
Norepinephrine and epinephrine
neurotransmitters but epinephrine stronger than norepinephrine. Stimulant heart contractions, Increase BP. 2 types of receptors: 1.Alpha: relaxation of smooth muscles around bronchial tubes ease breathing 2.Beta receptors: increase in heart activity
58
Novocaine
anaesthetic used in dentistry
59
Oxycontins
pain reliever; blocks signals to pain receptors in brain derived from morphine, abused and an opioid agonist
60
Paxil
anti-depressant, for post-dramatic stress disorders (SSRI)
61
PCP (phenylcyclohexylpiperidine)
abused, a depressant/stimulant/hallucinogen/convulsant/anaesthetic -\> unpredictable\> most dangerous drug. Depresses respiration & HR & violence
62
Penicillin
Alexander Fleming (1928), antibiotic component Phenylpropanolamine – a Sympathomimetics (drug imitate effects of sympathetic nervous system functions)
63
Phytoestrogens
produced by plants, ingested to mimic w/ estrogenic hormones in animals. Side effects: some pollutants present can cause breast cancer. HRT for women.
64
Prednisone
(synthetic) reduce inflammation in joints & other tissues
65
Premarin
a hormone replacement therapy for women, is a mix of estrogen like compounds.
66
Progestins
birth control; stop ovulation, control estrogen, Combination Pill: Progestin and estrogen
67
Prozac
anti-depressant, treats depression and anxiety (SSRI), increased serotonin in brain by preventing reuptake
68
Quaalude
sedative hypnotic, depress the CNS; reduce HR, respiration and muscular coordination. Psychological: release inhibitions, relaxation, euphoria, and confidence -\> aphrodisiac (drug that stimulates sexual desire/ excitement)
69
Quinine
malaria treatment. inhibits parasite’s heme polymerase; an alkaloid, antipyretic, anti-flammatory, anti-smallpox.
70
Rohypnol
(date rape drug) produce drunk feeling. A BDA; minor tranquillizer
71
RU-486
steroid, disintegrates uterine lining -\> fetus starves & dies, mimics miscarriage
72
Scopolamine
sedative, known as the truth drug
73
Seretide
anti-asthma, contains fluorine
74
Seroquel
prevents both reoccurrences and is a treatment for acute depression and mania. Treats bipolar
75
Serotonin
mood, appetite, sensory perception, sleep, and body temperature
76
Steroids
human cholesterol w/ a common tetracyclic structure and a variety of physiological functions depending on functional group arrangement.
77
Taxol
anti cancer drug from yew tree now synthesized.
78
Tetracycline
respiratory antibiotic
79
Teurine
energy drinks; Muscle fatigue; bodybuilding: w/ creatine & anabolic steroids. Lowers BP, aggressive behaviour when abused.
80
Thyroxine
regulates growth and metabolism from thyroid gland
81
Tryptophan
aa, converted to serotonin in the body. Induces sleep.
82
Vallium
A BDA; minor tranquillizer, Hofmann La Roche product (1963)
83
Wellbutrin (Zyban)
anti-depressant, treats nicotine withdrawal symptoms
84
Vioxx
anti-inflammatory, antipyretic & analgesic, (NSAID) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
85
Zoloft
anti-depressant, used to help PMS (SSRI)

drugs and human body (8 decks)

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