Midterm Flashcards
Basic assumptions: individuals are:
Social beings Socially determined (Ex. Influence that parents have on where you are today) Socially interactions and constructs (gender, age) determine individual behaviour
Sociology
The study of the social life, including all forms of social interaction and relationships
Culture
Ways of life people create in a specific group at a particular time and place
Society
Collection of people living in a defines geographical territory and united through a political system and a shared sense of self-identification that distinguishes them from others.
Based on social constructs:
An idea about how to think, feel, or behave that was invented by a group of people, becoming standard over time through norms
Units of sociological analysis:
Macro level-societal norms, values, roles in soviet and social institutions
Micro-level- groups
Individual level (social psychological units): exercise psychology as an example- thoughts/beliefs are influenced by others
Sports/PA are a microcosm of society.
Has 3 main goals:
1) To look at PA and associated health outcomes with a gaze that goes beyond our common understanding of social life.
Eg; responsibility for being active: individual or society?
2) To identify and and analyze patterns of change or stability in PA and associated health outcomes.
Eg; Have PA patterns in society changed or remained stable over time? Are PA levels consistently different in certain groups over time?
3) To critique PA programs in order to identify problems and recommend changes to enhance equality and human well-being.
- focus on changes to society versus changes to the individual
Epidemiology
The primary focus of epidemiology is not on individuals but on the health problems of large groups of people
- study determinants and distributions of disease frequency
- is the science of epidemics (infectious disease)
- now focuses on science of chronic disease and health promoting behaviours (eg: PA)
Social structural factors **
Encompass positive and neg factors within society’s structure that influence people abilities to participate fully in their social surroundings
- race , age, gender, sexual orientation, and social class.
Health
According to the World Health Organization (WHO):
A state if complete physical and mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease
-social isolation kills, older adults that are alone die earlier.
Risk Factors
Increase the chance of onset of disease or injury
Eg. Physical inactivity, smoking, obesity, bad diet, family history.
Exercise***
-*** planned, structured and repetitive PA designed to improve or maintain at least one component of physical fitness
(Health or performance, have to have goals)
Leisure Time PA
activity done in ones free time that leads to a substantial increase in total daily energy expenditure
- must involve personal choice.
Physical fitness
A set of attributes that people have to achieve that relates to their abilities to perform physical activity.
Health-related components of fitness
-5 components
Components of fitness affected by regular PA and relate to performance
1) Muscular power
2) speed
3) agility
4) balance
5) reaction time
