Midterm 2 - Tobacco

Question 1

Nicotine

Answer 1

Addictive CNS Stimulant

Question 2

Nicotine can be as addictive as heroin or cocaine? T or F

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What specific genes affect nicotine metabolism? And what responses do they give?

Answer 3

CYP2A6

• Influences the way in which nicotine is metabolized
• People with slow CYP2A6, nicotine remains in their system longer

DRD2
- Associated with neurotransmitter dopamine

Question 4

What age do people typically start smoking/chewing

Answer 4

13 - Smoking

10 - Chewing

Question 5

What is cigarette tar?

Answer 5

Condensed particles in cigarettes that forms a brown sticky mass

Question 6

What are carcinogens and cocarcinogens?

Answer 6

Carcinogens - Cancer causing agent
Cocarcinogens - Assists
Both - Benzo(a)pyrene and Urethane

Question 7

How does carbon monoxide affect the body?

Answer 7

Displaces oxygen in red blood cells

Question 8

Top 3 reasons for death among smokes

Answer 8

1. Lung cancer
2. Ischemic heart disease
3. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Question 9

Immediate physiological effects of nicotine on the body

Answer 9

Increased heart rate and blood pressure

Question 10

Air sacks where exchange between o2 and co2 take place

Answer 10

Alveoli

Question 11

Cells container small hair-life projections

Answer 11

Cilia

Question 12

How does cilia help to filter the air we breathe?

Answer 12

Helps to push the mucus up and out

Question 13

What are some reasons smoking may cause cancer?

Answer 13

Cigarette smoke slows and stops the action of cilia (cilia helps filter lungs)
Smoking makes macrophates work less effectively

Question 14

Environmental smoke is the same as

Answer 14

Second-hand smoke

Question 15

Smoke that is inhaled by a smoker and then exhaled into the environment is

Answer 15

Mainstream smoke

Question 16

Smoke that comes from the burning end of a cigarette, cigar or pipe is called

Answer 16

Sidestream smoke

Question 17

Name some pros of vapes/electronic cigarettes

Answer 17

No tobacco
Adjustable nicotine levels
Less risk of potential disease
Propylene glycol

Question 18

Name some cons of vapes/electronic cigarettes

Answer 18

Still contain carcinogens
Nictone still addictive
Many have propylene glycol
Bacterial clearance in lung (risk of bacterial pneumonia)
Increase risk of "popcorn lung"

Question 19

What types of tobacco have an increased risk for oral cancer?

Answer 19

Chewing tobacco
Cigar and Pipes
Hookah

Question 20

Plaque build up is

Answer 20

Ischemia

Question 21

Persistent inflammation of the bronchial tubes

Answer 21

Chronic Bronchitis

Question 22

Fatty-wax substance, LDL cholesterol

Answer 22

Plaque

Question 23

Plaque build up in the arteries

Answer 23

Atherosclerosis

Question 24

Atheroslerosis in the C.A.

Answer 24

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Question 25

Chest pain due to CHD

Answer 25

Angina Pectoris

Question 26

Heart attack, blockage of bloodflow to the CA and causes heart muscles to die

Answer 26

Myocardial Infarction

Question 27

Blockage of bloodflow to the brain and causes brain cells to die

Answer 27

Stroke

Question 28

Balooning effect on the vessel causing a weakening on the walls

Answer 28

Aneurysm

Question 29

Enlargment of the right ventricle because of high blood pressure in the lungs

Answer 29

Pulmonary Heart Disease

Question 30

Encompassing emphysema and bronchistis

Answer 30

COPD

Question 31

Disease where lung tissue lost elasticity and obstruction of the air sacs that empaires lungs ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer 31

Emphysema