Midterm 1 - Cardiovascular Health

Question 1

Leading Cause of Death in the U.S.

Answer 1

Cardiovascular Disease

Question 2

Pulmonary Circulation

Answer 2

Blood to and from the lungs

Question 3

Systemic Circulation

Answer 3

Left side of the heart pumps blood through the rest of the body

Question 4

Arteries

Answer 4

Carry blood away from the heart

Thick walls

Question 5

Veins

Answer 5

Carry blood to the heart

Thin walls

Question 6

Capillaries

Answer 6

Tiny vessels where O2, CO2, and nutrients exchange.

One cell thick

Question 7

Arterioles

Answer 7

Blood empties from arteries to arterioles to capillaries

Question 8

Venules

Answer 8

Blood empties from capillaries to venule to veins

Question 9

Coronary Arteries

Answer 9

Supply the heart with oxygenated blood

Question 10

Order of the pathway of blood from O2 poor blood ending in O2 rich blood

Answer 10

1. Venae Cavae
2. Right Atraium
3. Right Ventricle
4. Pulmonary Artery
5. Pulmonary Vein
6. Left Atrium
7. Left Ventricle
8. Aorta

Question 11

Systole

Answer 11

Heart contracting to push blood out to the body

Question 12

Diastole

Answer 12

Heart relaxing to fill with blood

Question 13

Systolic and Diastolic BP

Answer 13

Normal 120/80
120 - Systolic
80 - Diastolic

Question 14

Blood Pressure

Answer 14

Force exerted by blood on the walls of the blood vessels

Question 15

SA Node

Answer 15

Bundle of specialized cells in the RA

Controls heart rate

Question 16

Cardiovascular major risk factors that can be changed

Answer 16

Obesity
Smoking
High BP
High Cholesterol
Diabetes

Question 17

Typical blood pressure to diagnose someone with high blood pressure

Answer 17

130/80

Question 18

Tachycardia

Answer 18

100 or more beats per minute at rest

Question 19

Bradycardia

Answer 19

60 or less beats per minute at rest

Question 20

Atherosclerosis

Answer 20

A major cause of high blood pressure due to narrowing of blood vessels

Question 21

Cholesterol

Answer 21

A fatty wax-like substance that circulates through the bloodstream

Question 22

Good Cholesterol

Answer 22

High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL)

Question 23

Bad Cholesterol

Answer 23

Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL)

Question 24

How is there increased strain on the heart with obesity?

Answer 24

More tissue = more blood to pump

Chronic elevated pressure in chambers

Question 25

Diabetes

Answer 25

Elevated blood glucose levels due to low insulin availability or inadequate action of insulin Considered an equivalent of heart disease risk factors

Question 26

What are 2 types of atherosclerosis that are found in specific parts of the body?

Answer 26

Coronary heart disease - in the heart | Peripheral artery disease - peripheral arteries

Question 27

Heart Attack

Answer 27

Myocardial infarction | Happens when there is a lack of blood to the heart and the heart muscle is damaged and may die

Question 28

Stroke

Answer 28

When blood is cut off from the brain, resulting in the death of brain cells

Question 29

Ischemic Stroke

Answer 29

Blockage in blood vessels | Most common

Question 30

Hemorrhagic Stroke

Answer 30

Blood vessel ruptures in the brain