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Health 140 > Midterm 2 - Drug Abuse and Addiction > Flashcards

Midterm 2 - Drug Abuse and Addiction Flashcards

1
Q

A compulsive desire and increasing need for a substance or behavior, and by harm to the individual or society

A

Addiction

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2
Q

Characteristics of addictive behavior

A 
Reinforcement
Compulsion / Craving
External loss of control
Escalation
Negative Consequences
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3
Q

How does an addictive behavior reinforce itself?

A

Feels good while using (positive reinforcement)

Feels bad when not (negative reinforcement)

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4
Q

The body adapts to the dry behavior and the initial dose no longer produces the same effects is

A

Tolerance

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5
Q

A set of symptoms including anxiety, pain, irritability, sweating, tumors, vomiting, and insomnia are symptoms of?

A

Withdrawal

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6
Q

With the development of an addiction, how do they usually start?

A

Way to bring pleasure and avoid pain

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7
Q

Chemicals other than food that is intended to affect the structure or function of the body are called?

A

Drugs

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8
Q

Difference between substance abuse and substance dependence

A

Abuse - Being “stupid”

Dependence - Needing it (tolerance and withdrawal symptoms)

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9
Q

What is the risk with unknown drug constituents?

A

No quality control

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10
Q

The two most common diseases one can get from injecting drugs

A

HIV and Hepatitis C

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11
Q

The impact of the drugs on the body is called

A

Pharmacodynamics

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12
Q

What are additive, synergistic, and antagonist effects?

A

Additive - Adding
Synergistic - Amplifying
Antagonist - Decreasing

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13
Q

Explain the dose response relationship and how this relates to a plateau and toxic dose

A

When increasing dosage after a plateau, toxic or lethal doses can occur

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14
Q

The impact of the body on the drug is

A

Pharmacokinetics

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15
Q

What route of drug administration causes the fastest reponse?

A

Injection

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16
Q

The portion of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation and can produce an effect is called

A

Bioavailability

17
Q

When the liver activates a portion of the drug before it reaches systemic circulation is called

A

Pass effect

18
Q

Which will result in more bioavailability? 600 mg of Ibuprofen taken orally or 600 mg of Ibuprofen taken intravenously?

A

Intravenously

19
Q

What makes up the CNS?

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

20
Q

A nerve cell that is electrically stimulated to transfer information is called

A

Neuron

21
Q

The gap between neurons where info is passed by diffusion of neurotransmitters is

A

Synapse

22
Q

Responsible for insulating the electrical activity within the axon

A

Myelin Sheath

23
Q

An autoimmune disorder where the immune cells attack the myelin sheath, causing impaired functioning of the nervous system

A

MS

24
Q

Why does cocaine leave one with euphoric feelings? How is it affecting the nervous system to do this?

A

Blacks the re-uptake of dopamine

“Too much dopamine in the synapse by blocking re-uptake”

25
Q

Which drug categories can cause respiratory depression which can lead to unintentional death?

A

CNS Depressants and Opioids

26
Q

What are the typical physiological effects of CNS stimulants?

A

Increase heart rate and blood pressure
Blood vessel constrict
Adrenaline

27
Q

What have no physical dependence or withdrawal symptoms

A

Hallucinogens

28
Q

THC is the main active ingredient in

A

Marijuana

29
Q

The main difference between opioids and CNS depressants are

A

Opioids typically used medically as pain relievers

CNS depressants typically used as anti-anxiety and sleep medication

30
Q

Caffeine, Ritalin, Adderall, and Meth are categorized as

A

CNS Stimulants

31
Q

Oxycontin, Codeine, Vicodin, and Heroin are categorized as

A

Opioids

32
Q

LSD and Ecstasy are categorized as

A

Hallucinogens

33
Q

Alcohol and Xanax are categorized as

A

CNS Depressants

34
Q

Aerosols, paint thinner, and glue are categorized as

A

Inhalants

Health 140 (6 decks)

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