Midterm 1 - Cancer Flashcards
The 1st and 2nd most common cause of death
- Heart Disease
2. Cancer
Percentage of each death tobacco and poor diet and exercise:
30% of tobacco
30% of poor diet/exercise habits
Cancer deaths are decreasing because
- Prevention
- Early Detection
- Improved therapy
The most common cause of cancer for men
Prostate
The most common cause of cancer for women
Breast
Cancer that takes the most lives of men and women
Lung
Cancer
An abnormal and uncontrollable multiplication of cells or tissue that can lead to death
Benign Tumor
Not cancerous, a mass of cells enclosed in a membrane
Malignant Tumor
Cancerous, can invade surrounding tissues
Metastasis
Spreading of cancer cells from one part of the body to another
What are some malignant tumors
Carcinomas - most common - arises from the epithelial tissue that covers body surfaces: linings, tubes, cavities, and secretion glands
Sarcomas - arise in connective and fibrous tissue
Lymphomas - Cancels of the lymph nodes
Leukemia - Cancer of the blood-forming cells in the bone marrow
The 4 Nucleotide bases
Adenine
Thymine
Cystosine
Guanine
Gene
Section of DNA that contains nucleotide base sequence for making a particular protein
Largest to smallest from a single cell to a nucleotide base
Cell Nucleus Chromosome Gene DNA Nucleotide
Mutagen
Any environmental factor that can cause mutation
Carcinogen
A cancer causing agent
The relationship between Mutagens and Carcinogen?
Not all mutagens cause cancer. The ones that cause them are carcinogens.
Oncogene
A mutated gene involved in the transformation of a normal cell into cancer. Rapid cell growth.
Tumor Suppressor Genes
Genes that restrains cellular growth. Can cause a malignant tumor.
Foods to LIMIT to help reduce the risk of cancer
Red meat
alcohol
fried foods
Food to INCLUDE to help reduce the risk of cancer
Dietary Fiber
Fruits
Veggies
Types of cancer inactivity and obesity are linked to
Breast and Colon
Some viruses that are linked with cancer
HPV
Epstein-Barr
Human Herpes Virus 8
Hep B and C
Free Radicals
Uncharged molecules that have an unpaired valence electron.
Can increase the risk of cancer by stealing electrons and damaging cell membranes
