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Health 140 > Midterm 1 - Cancer > Flashcards

Midterm 1 - Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

The 1st and 2nd most common cause of death

A
  1. Heart Disease

2. Cancer

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2
Q

Percentage of each death tobacco and poor diet and exercise:

A

30% of tobacco

30% of poor diet/exercise habits

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3
Q

Cancer deaths are decreasing because

A
  1. Prevention
  2. Early Detection
  3. Improved therapy
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4
Q

The most common cause of cancer for men

A

Prostate

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5
Q

The most common cause of cancer for women

A

Breast

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6
Q

Cancer that takes the most lives of men and women

A

Lung

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7
Q

Cancer

A

An abnormal and uncontrollable multiplication of cells or tissue that can lead to death

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8
Q

Benign Tumor

A

Not cancerous, a mass of cells enclosed in a membrane

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9
Q

Malignant Tumor

A

Cancerous, can invade surrounding tissues

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10
Q

Metastasis

A

Spreading of cancer cells from one part of the body to another

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11
Q

What are some malignant tumors

A

Carcinomas - most common - arises from the epithelial tissue that covers body surfaces: linings, tubes, cavities, and secretion glands
Sarcomas - arise in connective and fibrous tissue
Lymphomas - Cancels of the lymph nodes
Leukemia - Cancer of the blood-forming cells in the bone marrow

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12
Q

The 4 Nucleotide bases

A

Adenine
Thymine
Cystosine
Guanine

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13
Q

Gene

A

Section of DNA that contains nucleotide base sequence for making a particular protein

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14
Q

Largest to smallest from a single cell to a nucleotide base

A 
Cell
Nucleus
Chromosome
Gene
DNA
Nucleotide
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15
Q

Mutagen

A

Any environmental factor that can cause mutation

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16
Q

Carcinogen

A

A cancer causing agent

17
Q

The relationship between Mutagens and Carcinogen?

A

Not all mutagens cause cancer. The ones that cause them are carcinogens.

18
Q

Oncogene

A

A mutated gene involved in the transformation of a normal cell into cancer. Rapid cell growth.

19
Q

Tumor Suppressor Genes

A

Genes that restrains cellular growth. Can cause a malignant tumor.

20
Q

Foods to LIMIT to help reduce the risk of cancer

A

Red meat
alcohol
fried foods

21
Q

Food to INCLUDE to help reduce the risk of cancer

A

Dietary Fiber
Fruits
Veggies

22
Q

Types of cancer inactivity and obesity are linked to

A

Breast and Colon

23
Q

Some viruses that are linked with cancer

A

HPV
Epstein-Barr
Human Herpes Virus 8
Hep B and C

24
Q

Free Radicals

A

Uncharged molecules that have an unpaired valence electron.

Can increase the risk of cancer by stealing electrons and damaging cell membranes

25
Q

Antioxidants

A

Donate extra electrons to neutralize free radicals

26
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Mixture of drugs targeted to treat cancer cells

27
Q

Radiation

A

X-Ray directed at the tumor to kill it

Health 140 (6 decks)

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