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med term > midterm #2 review > Flashcards

midterm #2 review Flashcards

1
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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2
Q

brachi/o

A

arm

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3
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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4
Q

Sphygm/o

A

pulse

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5
Q

Cyan/o

A

blue

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6
Q

Superior Vena Cava

A

carries un-oxygenated blood from the upper half of the body into the right atrium

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7
Q

atria

A

what is the name for the upper two chambers of the heart

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8
Q

Ventricle

A

a chamber of the heart which receives blood from an atrium and from which blood is forced into the arteries.

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9
Q

Inferior Vena Cava

A

carries un-oxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into right atrium

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10
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of an artery with collection of fatty plaque

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11
Q

Arterial anastomosis

A

new surgical connection between two arteries

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12
Q

Aortic Stenosis

A

narrowing of the aorta

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13
Q

Diastole

A

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood.

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14
Q

murmur

A

extrasound between normal beats. A heart murmur is a blowing, whooshing, or rasping sound heard during a heartbeat.

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15
Q

systole

A

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries.

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16
Q

Normal Sinus Rhythm

A

the rhythm that originates from the sinus node and describes the characteristic rhythm of the healthy human heart.

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17
Q

Aorta

A

largest artery in the body and the main artery of the body, supplying oxygenated blood to the circulatory system.

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18
Q

pulmonary artery

A

blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood from the right side of your heart to your lungs.

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19
Q

brachial artery

A

the main vessel supplying blood to the muscles in your upper arm and elbow joint. It’s often used to measure your blood pressure.

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20
Q

femoral artery

A

a large blood vessel that provides oxygenated blood to lower extremity structures and in part to the lower anterior abdominal wall.

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21
Q

Arterioles

A

a small branch of an artery leading into capillaries. They control your blood pressure and blood flow throughout your body

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22
Q

Veins

A

Veins are blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood to your heart.

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23
Q

Capillaries

A

your smallest blood vessel. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that transport blood, nutrients and oxygen to cells

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23
Q

Arteries

A

largest type of Artery and they distribute oxygen-rich blood to your body.

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24
Q

EKG QRS wave

A

The QRS complex represents the depolarization of ventricles. It shows the beginning of systole and ventricular contraction.

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25
Q

Path of blood in heart

A

Blood comes into the right atrium from the body, moves into the right ventricle and is pushed into the pulmonary arteries in the lungs. After picking up oxygen, the blood travels back to the heart through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium, to the left ventricle and out to the body’s tissues through the aorta.

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26
Q

Varicose Veins

A

Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins. Varicose veins can happen anywhere in the body, but are more common in the legs

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27
Q

Intermittent Claudication (IC)

A

Intermittent claudication (IC) typically refers to lower extremity skeletal muscle pain that occurs during exercise. IC presents when there is insufficient oxygen delivery to meet the metabolic requirements of the skeletal muscles.

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28
Q

Raynaud’s

A

Raynaud’s phenomenon is a problem that causes decreased blood flow to the fingers. In some cases, it also causes less blood flow to the ears, toes, nipples, knees, or nose.

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29
Q

Hypertension

A

high blood pressure

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30
Q

after oxygen-poor blood enters the heart from the venae cavae, where does it go next

A

right atrium

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31
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

the narrowing (constriction) of blood vessels by small muscles in their walls.

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32
Q

Auscultation

A

Auscultation is listening to the internal sounds of the chest and abdomen with a stethoscope

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33
Q

Vasodilation

A

the dilatation of blood vessels, which decreases blood pressure.

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34
Q

Endarterectomy

A

surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery

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35
Q

Enzymes

A

chemical that speeds up a reaction between substances

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36
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

It dilates coronary arteries so that more blood flows to the heart muscle

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37
Q

Protein

A

Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body. They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.

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38
Q

Lipids

A

fatty compounds that perform a variety of functions in your body.

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39
Q

Defibrillation

A

brief discharges of electricity are applied across the chest to stop dysrhythmias (abnormal or irregular heart beat)

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40
Q

Stress Test

A

exercise tolerance test is used to determine the hearts response to physical exertion

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41
Q

Thallium 201 Scan

A

thallium 201 is injected though veins to allow for myocardial perfusion and asses damage to heart muscle from heart attacks

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42
Q

Echocardiography

A

sound waves are used to image the structure of the heart

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43
Q

Coronary artery bypass grafting

A

a medical procedure to improve blood flow to the heart

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44
Q

phag/o

A

eat; swallow

45
Q

hemat/o

A

blood

46
Q

kary/o

A

nucleus

46
Q

Myel/o

A

bone marrow

47
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

48
Q

-poiesis

A

formation

48
Q

Plasma

A

liquid portion of blood containg proteins, water, salts, nutrients, wastes, hormones, and vitamins. Makes up 55% of blood

49
Q

Hemoglobin

A

blood protein containing iron, carries oxygen in red blood cells

50
Q

Erythropoietin

A

hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate red blood cell production in bone marrow

51
Q

Serum

A

plasma minus clotting proteins and clotting cells

52
Q

Erythrocytes

A

red blood cells

53
Q

Myeloblast

A

immature bone marrow cell that gives rise to granulocytes

53
Q

Leukocytes

A

white blood cells

54
Q

Platelets

A

clotting cells

55
Q

Anticoagulant

A

substance that prevents blood clotting

56
Q

Purpura

A

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin caused by deficiency of clotting cells (causes purple colored spots on your skin)

57
Q

Hemophilia

A

hereditary disease of blood clotting failure with abnormal bleeding

58
Q

Dyscrasia

A

blood disease

58
Q

Anemia

A

blood condition of reduction in erythrocytes or hemoglobbin

59
Q

Rh Factor

A

antigen on red blood cells of RH positive individuals

60
Q

Hematocrit

A

percentage of red blood cells in a given volume of blood

61
Q

Thrombin

A

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulant

62
Q

Fibrin

A

protein threads the form the basis of a blood clot

63
Q

Stem Cell

A

un-specialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms. A hematopoietic stem cell is the progenitor for all different types of blood cells ( a cell that can become many specific type of cells)

64
Q

Reticulocyte

A

immature erythrocyte, a network of strands is seen after staining the cell with special dye

65
Q

Sideropenia

A

deficiency of iron in the blood

65
Q

Macrophage

A

large phagocyte cells migrating from the blood into all tissues to fight disease

66
Q

Leukemia

A

blood condition of high numbers of malignant (cancerous) white blood cells

67
Q

Apheresis

A

withdrawal and separation of blood elements

68
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

69
Q

Ortho/o

A

straight

70
Q

-osmia

A

odor; smell

70
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

70
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

71
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

71
Q

Asthma

A

chronic inflammatory disorder, with airway obstruction due to bronchiolar edema, constriction, and increased mucus production

72
Q

COPD

A

a group of diseases that cause airflow blockage and breathing-related problems.

73
Q

Emphysema

A

hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

73
Q

Pneumonia

A

acute inflammation and infection of the alveoli of the lungs

74
Q

Pleural Cavity

A

space bewteen the layers of the pleura

75
Q

Parietal pleura

A

outer layer of the pleura lying closets to the chest wall

76
Q

Mediastinum

A

centrally located place outside of and between the lungs in the thoracic cavity

76
Q

Pulmonary Parenchyma

A

essential parts of the lungs responsible for repiration; bronchioles and alveoli

77
Q

Epistaxis

A

nose bleed

78
Q

Trachea

A

windpipe

79
Q

Pharynx

A

throat

80
Q

Pleura

A

double layered membrane surrounding each lung

81
Q

Cilia

A

thin hairs that are attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining passageways in the body

82
Q

Glottis

A

slit-like opening between the vocal cords of the larynx

83
Q

Hilum

A

hollow in the surface of an organ, such as the kidney and the lung. It is the area where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave the organ

84
Q

Epiglottis

A

a flap of cartilage that prevents drinks and food from going down the windpipe

85
Q

Nares

A

openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities

86
Q

Larynx

A

voice box

87
Q

Diaphragm

A

muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities. The diaphragm moves up and down aiding in breathing

88
Q

Paranasal Sinus

A

air-filled extensions of the nasal cavity in the bones near the nose

89
Q

Thoracotomy

A

incision of the chest

90
Q

Tonsillectomy

A

removal of tonsils

91
Q

Thoracoscopy

A

visual examination of the chest using small incision and an endoscope

92
Q

Pulmonary embolism

A

clot or material from a distant vein that blocks a blood vessel in the lung

92
Q

Thoracentesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest

93
Q

Pneumothorax

A

collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity between the pleura

94
Q

Croup

A

acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx( voice box), accompanied by barking, coughing, and stridor

95
Q

Stridor

A

strained, high-pitched sound heard on inhalation causes by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx

96
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

A

inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucinous secretions on the respiratory tract that do not drain normally

97
Q

coni/o

A

dust

98
Q

The term for essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration

A

pulmonary parenchyma

99
Q

what is a surgical puncture of the chest to remove fluid from the plueral space

A

thoracentesis

med term (5 decks)

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