midterm #1 review Flashcards
-itis
inflammation
retro-
behind
-pathy
disease, condition
anemia
blood condition of the lack of red blood cells
osteotomy
incision of a bones
adenopathy
disease condition of a gland
leukocytosis
condition of white blood cells
oncologist
a specialist in the study of tumors specifically malignant tumors
gynecologist
a specialist in the study of disorders of the female reproductive system
pathologist
a specialist in the study of disease
rhin/o
nose
erythr/o
red
suffix
the term at the end of a word, after the root
root
the base of a word
prefix
the term at the beginning of the word, before the root
main objectives
cardi/o
heart
oste/o
bone
diagnosis
complete knowledge of a patients condition
prognosis
prediction about the outcome of an illness, knowledge before
leukemia
blood condition of white blood cells
thrombocyte
clotting cell, another name for a platelet
leukocyte
white blood cell
pancytopenia
deficiency of all blood cells
ophthalmologist
a specialist in the study of eye disease
nephrologist
a specialist in the study of kidneys
cells
the fundamental unit for all living things
tissues
groups of cells that work together to do a specific job
organs
a collection of tissues that structurally form a functional unit specialized to perform a particular function.
ex - heart, lungs
systems
a group of body organs or structures that together perform one or more vital functions
anabolism
the process of building up protein in cells
catabolism
the process of breaking down complex nutrients to simpler substances, releases energy
metabolism
total of the chemical processes in a cell, including anabolism and catabolism
-somes
bodies
cardiovascular system
consists of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. the heart and vessels work together to provide blood flow to the whole body
respiratory system
includes the nose, mouth, throat, voice box, windpipe, and lungs. The respiratory system’s main job is to move fresh air into your body while removing waste gases.
hypogastric region
middle lower abdominopelvic region (below the bellybutton region)
hypochondriac region
right and left upper abdominopelvic regions (beneath the ribs)
periumbilical region
region around the umbilical (bellybutton)
superficial
on the surface
superior
above
deep
away from the surface
karyotype
picture of a chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell
histology
study of tissues
coccygeal
pertaining to the tailbone or coccyx
craniotomy
incision into the cranium (skull)
lobotomy
surgical procedure in which the nerve pathways in a lobe or lobes of the brain are severed from those in other areas.
thel/o
nipple
adipose
full of fat
posterior
back side of the body
ventral
front side of the body
dorsal
back side of the body
supine
lying on the back
inguin/o
groin
amniocentesis
puncture with a needle to withdraw fluid from within the amniotic sac
abdominocentesis
puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen
-malacia
softening
-cele
hernia
suffix meaning pertaining to
-ac, -acal, -al, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ial, -iac, -ic, and -ous
staphylocci
berry shaped bacteria arranged in clusters
streptococci
berry shaped bacteria in twisted chain like structures
-dynia
pain
hiatal hernia
protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach into the chest through the opening of the diaphragm
inguinal hernia
small loop of the bowel protrudes through a weakened lower abdominal muscle
laparotomy
incision of the abdomen for diagnosis and treatment, this is exploratory or open surgery
bradycardia
slow heart
dyspnea
difficult breathing
tachypnea
abnormally rapid breathing
hematocrit
percent of red blood cells in a given volume of blood
dysplastic nevi
abnormal moles with irregular borders, indistinct margins, and mixed coloration; often precursors of malignant melanomas
benign
non-cancerous
precancerous
pertaining to occurring before a malignant condition
atrophy
decrease in size of normally developed organ or tissue of the body
hypertrophy
increase in size of tissue or an organ due to the increase in size of an individual cell
