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med term > final review > Flashcards

final review Flashcards

1
Q

carcin/o

A

cancer, cancerous

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2
Q

cyst/o

A

cyst, urinary bladder, sac of fluid

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3
Q

enter/o

A

intestines (usually small intestine)

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4
Q

gnos/o

A

knowledge

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5
Q

ren/o

A

kidney

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6
Q

-algia

A

pain

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7
Q

suffixes meaning pertaining to

A

-al, -ar, -ac, -an, -ary, -iac, -ic, -ical, -ior, -tic, -tory, -ous, -eal

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8
Q

-scopy

A

visual examination

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9
Q

Dia-

A

complete, through

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10
Q

Retro-

A

behind, back, backward

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11
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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12
Q

dors/o

A

back (of body)

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13
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

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14
Q

proxim/o

A

near

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15
Q

Meta-

A

change, beyond

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16
Q

-type

A

classification, picture

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17
Q

mast/o

A

breast

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18
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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19
Q

-cyte

A

cell

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20
Q

-graph

A

instrument for recording

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21
Q

-megaly

A

enlargment

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22
Q

-plasia

A

development, formation, growth

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23
Q

-ist

A

specialist

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24
Q

A-, An-

A

no, not, without

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25
Q

Brady-

A

slow

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26
Q

Dys-

A

painful, bad, difficult, abnormal

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27
Q

Hypo-

A

deficient, below, under, less than normal

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28
Q

Pro-

A

before, forward

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29
Q

Tachy-

A

fast

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30
Q

ather/o

A

plaque (fatty substance)

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31
Q

coron/o

A

heart

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32
Q

sphygm/o

A

pulse

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33
Q

vas/o

A

vessel, duct, vas defrens

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34
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

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35
Q

phon/o

A

voice, sound

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36
Q

spir/o

A

to breathe

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37
Q

-osmia

A

smell

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38
Q

coagual/o

A

coagulation (clotting)

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39
Q

kary/o

A

nucleus

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40
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

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41
Q

-blast

A

immature cell

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42
Q

-poiesis

A

formation

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43
Q

tox/o

A

poison

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44
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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45
Q

-malacia

A

softening

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46
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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47
Q

-stenosis

A

tightening

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48
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh

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49
Q

Ab-

A

away from

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50
Q

iatrogenic

A

pertaining to produced by a treatment or procedure

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51
Q

electroencephalogram

A

record of the electricity in the brain

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52
Q

incision

A

process of cutting into the body

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53
Q

pathology

A

study of disease

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54
Q

biopsy

A

process of removing a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination

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55
Q

autopsy

A

examination of a body after death to determine the cause of death

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56
Q

ophthalmoscopy

A

visual examination of the interior of the eye

57
Q

ACL

A

Anterior cruciate ligamentis is one of the key ligaments that help stabilize the knee joint. The ACL connects the thighbone (femur) to the shinbone (tibia).

58
Q

ophthalmoscope

A

instrument to visually examine the eyes

59
Q

subrenal

A

pertaining to below the kidney

60
Q

transdermal

A

the application of a medicine or drug through the skin

61
Q

transhepatic

A

pertaining to through or across the liver

62
Q

subhepatic

A

pertaining to below the liver

63
Q

anabolism

A

process of building up proteins in cells

64
Q

phagocytosis

A

the process by which white blood cells, known as phagocytes, engulf and digest cells - thereby destroying them.

65
Q

catabolism

A

process of breaking down complex nutrients to simpler substances (energy is released to do the work of the cells)

66
Q

sonogram

A

image of sound waves as they bounce off organs in the body (echogram or ultrasound)

67
Q

karyotype

A

picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell

68
Q

peritoneum memberane

A

double-folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity

69
Q

esophagus

A

tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach

70
Q

pleural cavity

A

space between the layers of the pleura

71
Q

mediastinum

A

centrally located space outside of and between the lungs in the thoracic cavity

72
Q

viscera

A

internal organs

73
Q

supine

A

lying on the back (face up, palms up)

74
Q

prone

A

lying on the belly (face down, palms down)

75
Q

distal

A

far from the point of attachment

76
Q

coronal plane

A

vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior (front and back)

77
Q

transverse plane

A

horizontal plane running across the body or structure parallel to the ground

78
Q

frontal plane

A

also known as coronal, vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior planes

79
Q

sagittal

A

lengthwise vertical plane dividing the body or structure into left and right sides

80
Q

sciatica

A

pain or inflammation along the course of the sciatica nerve (runs down the leg)

81
Q

inguinal hernia

A

a small loop of the bowel protrudes through the weakened lower abdominal muscle

82
Q

hiatal hernia

A

protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach into the chest through the opening of the diaphragm

83
Q

cystocele

A

hernia of the urinary bladder

84
Q

trachectomy

A

removal of the trachea (windpipe)

85
Q

pharyngotomy

A

surgical incision into the pharynx (throat)

86
Q

laryngectomy

A

removal of the larynx (voice box)

87
Q

intercostal

A

pertaining to between the ribs

88
Q

infracostal

A

pertaining to below the ribs

89
Q

apnea

A

without breathing

90
Q

syndrome

A

signs and symptoms that occur together indicating a particular condition or disorder

91
Q

prodrome

A

sign or symptom that appears before the onset of a more serious illness (like a fever that signals a virus)

92
Q

hypoglycemia

A

low/deficient levels of sugar in blood

93
Q

hyperglycemia

A

high levels of sugar in the bloodstream, associated with diabetes

94
Q

glycosuria

A

sugar in the urine

95
Q

pulmonary artery

A

blood vessel carrying oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle of the heart into the lungs

96
Q

pulmonary vein

A

blood vessels carrying oxygen-rich blood to the left atrium from the lungs

97
Q

aorta

A

largest artery in the body

98
Q

septal

A

a thin part dividing tissues or spaces in an organ such as the nose or heart

99
Q

systole

A

contraction phase of the heartbeat

100
Q

diastole

A

the relaxation phase of the heartbeat

101
Q

cyanosis

A

abnormal condition of bluish color of the skin

102
Q

phlebotomy

A

incision of a vein

103
Q

alveoli

A

individualized section of an air sac in the lung

104
Q

prothrombin time

A

test of the ability of blood to clot

105
Q

bronchi

A

branch of the trachea that leads toward the air sacs of the lung

106
Q

lymphocyte

A

type of white blood cell found in lymph nodes and blood (part of the immune system that fights disease

107
Q

eosinophil

A

leukocyte containing dark granules that stain rosy with eosin (associated with allergic reactions)

108
Q

neutrophil

A

leukocyte containing dark staining granules and protecting the body from infection (most present type of white blood cell)

109
Q

basophil

A

leukocyte containing granules that stain blue (associated with the release of histamine and heparin)

110
Q

antibodies/antibody

A

a blood protein produced in response to foreign substances (antigens) in the blood

111
Q

antigen

A

foreign substance or toxin (poison) that stimulates the production of antibodies (evokes an immune response)

112
Q

hematopoietic stem cell

A

cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells (can develop into all types of blood cells)

113
Q

myeloid

A

relating to bone marrow and the growth of cells originating in the bone marrow

114
Q

phagocytic

A

pertaining to a cell that engulfs another cell or foreign cell organism and destroys it

115
Q

cancellous bone

A

spongy, porous bone tissue in the inner part of the bone

116
Q

compact bone

A

hard, dense bone tissue, forming the outer portions of bones

117
Q

hematocrit

A

the % of red blood cells in a given volume of blood

118
Q

fissure

A

groove or crack-like sore

119
Q

foramen

A

A passage, opening or communication between two cavities or a hole in a bone

120
Q

bones of the face

A

nasal bones (2), palatine bones (2), lacrymal bones (2), zygomatic bones (2), maxilla bones (2), inferior nasal conchae (2), vomer bone and mandible (1).

121
Q

parts of a long bone

A

1.)Epiphysis
2.)Diaphysis
3.)Articular cartilage
4.)Spongy bone
5.)Medullary cavity
6.)Endosteum
7.)Periosteum

122
Q

Bones of the arms

A

the upper arm bone (humerus) and two forearm bones (the ulna and the radius)

123
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of bone and bone marrow secondary (following) to infection

124
Q

HIV/AIDs

A

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system. If HIV is not treated, it can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). There is currently no effective cure. Once people get HIV, they have it for life. interferes with the bodies ability to fight infection

125
Q

comminuted fracture

A

a bone that is broken in at least two places

126
Q

greenstick fracture

A

A bone cracks on one side only, not all the way through the bone (It is called a “greenstick” fracture because it can look like a branch that has broken and splintered on one side)

127
Q

arthroplasty

A

surgical repair of a joint (like a total hip replacement or a total knee replacement)

128
Q

atrophy

A

decrease in size of normally developed organs or tissue of the body

129
Q

arthroscopy

A

visual examination fo the inside of joint with an endoscope

130
Q

periumbilical

A

The region of the body that surrounds the umbilicus

131
Q

epigastric

A

pertaining to above or upon the stomach

132
Q

coccygeal

A

pertaining to the tailbone or coccyx

133
Q

Pneumococcal

A

any infection caused by bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae, or pneumococcus

134
Q

Bronchitis

A

a condition that develops when the airways in the lungs, called bronchial tubes, become inflamed and cause coughing, often with mucus production (inflammation of the bronchial tubes)

135
Q

Contraindicated

A

factor that indicates against the administration of a drug or procedure in the care of a patient (not to take a certain medical treatment due to the harm that it would cause the patient)

136
Q

Precancerous

A

pertaining to occuring before a malignant condition

137
Q

Auscultation

A

listening to sounds in the chest and abdomen using a stethoscope

138
Q

Lipids

A

fatty compounds that perform a variety of functions in your body

139
Q

PFTs

A

Pulmonary function tests - tests that measure the ventilation (breathing) mechanics of the lung

med term (5 decks)

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