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med term > Final review #2 > Flashcards

Final review #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Encephal/o

A

brain

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2
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow, spinal cord

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3
Q

-algesia

A

sensitivity to pain

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4
Q

Caus/o

A

burn, burning

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5
Q

-paresis

A

weakness

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6
Q

-sthenia

A

strength

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7
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

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8
Q

diaphor/o

A

sweat

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9
Q

ichthy/o

A

dry, scaly

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10
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

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11
Q

pil/o

A

hair

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12
Q

rhytid/o

A

wrinkle

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13
Q

ungu/o

A

nail

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14
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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15
Q

dacry/o

A

tear

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16
Q

phac/o or phak/o

A

lens of eye

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17
Q

mydr/o

A

wide

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18
Q

phot/o

A

light

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19
Q

-opia

A

vision condition

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20
Q

acous/o

A

hearing

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21
Q

audi/o

A

hearing

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22
Q

audit/o

A

hearing

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23
Q

myring/o

A

tympanic membrane

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24
Q

-otia

A

ear condition

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25
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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26
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

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27
Q

kal/i

A

potassium

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28
Q

phys/o

A

growing

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29
Q

-tropin

A

stimulate, act on

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30
Q

eu-

A

good, normal, true

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31
Q

cac/o

A

bad

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32
Q

mut/a

A

genetic change

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32
Q

onc/o

A

tumor

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33
Q

prot/o

A

first

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34
Q

-plasia

A

development, formation, growth

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35
Q

-blastoma

A

immature tumor

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36
Q

meta-

A

beyond change

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37
Q

is/o

A

same, equal

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38
Q

vitr/o

A

glass, vitreous body

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39
Q

viv/o

A

life

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40
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

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41
Q

-lucent

A

to shine

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42
Q

-opaque

A

obscure

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43
Q

ultra-

A

beyond, excess

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44
Q

anxi/o

A

uneasy, anxious

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45
Q

hypn/o

A

sleep

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46
Q

phil/o

A

attraction to, love

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47
Q

schiz/o

A

split

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48
Q

-mania

A

obsessive preoccupation

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49
Q

-thymia

A

mind (condition of)

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50
Q

para-

A

near, beside, abnormal, apart from, along the side of

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51
Q

axon

A

microscopic fiber that carries a nervous impulse along a nerve cell

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52
Q

apraxia

A

inability to perform purposeful acts or manipulate objects

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53
Q

aphasia

A

inability to speak because you do not understand what others are saying, language function is impaired due to injury to the cerebral cortex

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54
Q

ataxia

A

without coordination

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55
Q

amblyopia

A

decrease visual acuity often in a single eye and appearing in children (lazy eye)

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56
Q

Addison disease

A

hyperfunctioning of the adrenal cortex, decreased secretion of aldosterone and cortisol

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57
Q

autism

A

neurodevelopment disorder characterized by inhibited social interaction and communication and by restricted, repetitive behavior

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58
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of open spaces, an anxiety disorder

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59
Q

brainstem

A

lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord, includes the midbrain, pons, and the medulla oblongata

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60
Q

burns and degree

A

burns are injuries to tissues caused by heat contact, 1st degree burn = only affects the epidermis, or outer layer of skin, 2nd degree burn = A second-degree burn, which often looks wet or moist, affects the first and second layers of skin (epidermis and dermis), 3rd degree burn = Third-degree burns destroy the epidermis and dermis. Third-degree burns may also damage the underlying bones, muscles, and tendons.

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61
Q

blepharitis

A

inflammation of an eyelid

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62
Q

benign

A

non-cancerous

63
Q

biopsy

A

process of removing a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination

64
Q

barium enema

A

A barium enema is an X-ray exam that can detect changes or abnormalities in the large intestine (colon). The procedure is also called a colon X-ray. An enema is the injection of a liquid into your rectum through a small tube.

65
Q

cerebrum

A

largest part of the brain, responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought and memory, among other functions

66
Q

cerebellum

A

posterior part of the brain that that coordinates muscle movements and maintaisn balance

67
Q

central nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

68
Q

contusion and subdural hematoma

A

contusion hematoma = A contusion is a type of hematoma. The definition of a contusion is a bruise, which occurs when blood vessels are damaged or broken as the result of an injury.

subdural hematoma = A subdural hematoma is a collection of blood that forms on the surface of the brain. The blood may press against the brain and damage the tissue

69
Q

comedones

A

clogged hair follicle in the skin, blackhead or whitehead

70
Q

cuticle

A

band of epidermis at the base and sides of the nail plate

71
Q

cataract

A

clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision

72
Q

conjuctivitis

A

inflammation of the conjunctiva (delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball up to the cornea)

73
Q

Cushing disease

A

group of symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex, obesity, hyperglycemia, and excess fat deposition in the body. High levels of exogenous cortisol can produce similar results

74
Q

chest x-ray views

A

CXR = chest x-ray, PA = posterioranterior view, AP view = anteriorposterior view, lateral = on the sides,

75
Q

chest CT

A

a CT is a cross-sectional x-ray of imaging of an organ with or without contrast material. A chest CT is a computed tomography of the chest used in medical imaging to evaluate the lungs and search for lung disorders while laying supine (on your back)

76
Q

dendrite

A

microscopic branching portion of a nerve cell, the first part of the nerve cell to receive the nervous impulse

77
Q

dyskinesia

A

impairment of the ability to perform voluntary movements (like running and dancing - willed actions)

78
Q

dyslexia

A

difficulty in reading, writing, and learning

79
Q

dermis

A

middle layer of skin

80
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

81
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis develops when the body can’t make enough insulin, a hormone that helps sugar enter cells for energy. Instead, fat is broken down for energy. This can cause acids called ketones to build up in the blood and collect in the urine. The risk is highest in people who have type 1 diabetes and those who often miss insulin doses. (life-threatening)

82
Q

differentiated

A

specialization of cells from immature to mature

83
Q

dysplastic nevus

A

abnormal moles with irregular borders, indistinct margins, and mixed coloration, often precursors and malignant melanomas.

84
Q

dysphoria

A

sadness, hopelessness, and depressive mood (Feeling low)

85
Q

dissociation

A

Dissociation is a mental process where a person disconnects from their thoughts, feelings, memories or sense of identity. Dissociative disorders include dissociative amnesia, depersonalisation disorder and dissociative identity disorder.

86
Q

dysthymia

A

depressive episodes, but not of the same intensity or duration as major depression

87
Q

dissociative fugue

A

A form of dissociative amnesia where a person travels from one location to another during their state of memory loss, sometimes assuming a new identity.

88
Q

ecchymosis

A

A small bruise caused by blood leaking from broken blood vessels into the tissues of the skin or mucous membranes.

89
Q

epidermis

A

outer layer of the skin

90
Q

estrogenic

A

pertaining to producing estrogen (a female hormone produced by the ovaries)

91
Q

exophthalmos

A

protrusion of the eyeball, sign of hyperthyroidism

92
Q

encapsulated

A

Confined to a specific, localized area and surrounded by a thin layer of tissue, benign tumors are encapsulated

93
Q

environmental agents (carcinogens)

A

substances that produce cancer. Carcinogens may occur naturally in the environment (such as ultraviolet rays in sunlight and certain viruses) or may be generated by humans (such as automobile exhaust fumes and cigarette smoke).

94
Q

fluorpscopy

A

process of using x-rays to produce an image on a fluorescent screen imaging technique that uses X-rays to obtain real-time moving images of the interior of an object

95
Q

glaucoma

A

a condition of increased pressure within the eyeball, causing gradual loss of sight.

96
Q

graves disease

A

hyperfunctioning of the thyroid gland, thyrotoxicosis. This is the most common type of hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) Graves’ disease can lead to heart rhythm disorders, changes in the structure and function of the heart muscles, and the inability of the heart to pump enough blood to the body (heart failure)

97
Q

hyperglycemia

A

high levels of sugar in the bloodstream, associated with diabetes mellitus

98
Q

iris

A

pigmented layer of the eyes

98
Q

insulin

A

hormone secreted by the endocrine cells of the pancreas. It transports sugar from the blood into cells.

99
Q

interventional radiology

A

therapeutic procedures performed by a radiologist

100
Q

lunula

A

half-mooned-shaped, whitish area at the base of a nail

101
Q

lens

A

the transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye. It bends light rays to bring them into focus on the retina

102
Q

lithium

A

drug used to treat the manic episodes in bipolar disorder

103
Q

medulla oblongata

A

lower part of the brain, closest to the spinal cord, controls breathing heartbeat, and size of blood vessels

104
Q

myelin sheath

A

fatty, white covering over the axon of a nerve cell

105
Q

myelomeningocele

A

Myelomeningocele is the most severe form of spina bifida. A portion of the spinal cord or nerves are exposed in a sac through an opening in the spine that may or may not be covered by the meninges. congenital hernia of the spinal cord and meninges through a defect in the vertebral column. This defect is associated with spinal bifida

106
Q

migraine

A

severe headache, often unilateral, and sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting

107
Q

malignant

A

cancerous, harmful

108
Q

metastasis

A

spread of a malignant tumor beyond its original location to a distant site

109
Q

melanoma

A

cancerous skin grown composed of melanocytes

110
Q

otosclerosis

A

hardening of bony tissue of the middle ear

111
Q

otitis media

A

inflammation of the middle ear. The middle ear is located just behind the eardrum

112
Q

ovary

A

one of two small glands responsible for egg production and hormone secretion

113
Q

OCD

A

anxiety disorder in which recurrent thoughts and repetitive act dominate behavior

114
Q

parenchyma

A

essential, functioning cells of any organ

114
Q

plexus

A

network of nerves outside of the central nervous system, brachial, cervical, and lumbosacral plexuses are examples

115
Q

perestheisa

A

Paresthesia is the feeling of tingling, numbness or “pins and needles.”

116
Q

palsy

A

paralysis

117
Q

papule

A

small, solid elevation of the skin, skin tags and pimples are examples

118
Q

pustule

A

small abscess on the skin, a papule containing pus

119
Q

petechia

A

small pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

120
Q

pruitus

A

itching

121
Q

pyoderma

A

skin disease with formation of pus

122
Q

pupil

A

the central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass (It appears dark)

123
Q

pinna

A

auricle, protruding part of the external ear

124
Q

presbycusis

A

progressive loss of hearing, occurring in middle and older age

125
Q

parathyroid glands

A

four endocrine glands on the posterior side of the thyroid gland, secrete parathormone

126
Q

pituitary

A

small endocrine gland in the center of the brain, secretes melatonin

127
Q

pancreas

A

gland located under and behind the stomach, produces the hormone insulin to transport sugar to cells and enzymes to digest food

128
Q

psychologist

A

an individual specializing in mental processes and how the brain functions in health and disease, treats patients with psychotherapy, but in most states cannot prescribe drugs

129
Q

psychiatrist

A

physicians who treats the mind and mental disorders

130
Q

prozac

A

Fluoxetine (Prozac): an antidepressant medicine to treat depression

131
Q

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

anxiety-related symptoms appear after personal experience of a traumatic event

132
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain, caused by autoimmune reaction against joint tissue

132
Q

retina

A

light-sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells (rods and cones)

133
Q

rods and cones

A

rod = photoreceptor cell of the retina essential for vision in low light and for peripheral vision

cones = photoreceptor cell in the retina that transforms light energy into a nerve impulse (cones are responsible for color and central vision)

134
Q

radiographer

A

one who assists a radiologist in performing diagnostic x-ray procedures

135
Q

Spina Bifida

A

a congenital (at birth) defect in the lumber spinal column (spinal cord doesnt dvelop correctly) caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts, spinal cord, and meninges may herniate through the vertebral gap

136
Q

syncopal

A

pertaining to syncope (fainting)

137
Q

sebaceous glands

A

oil-secreting gland in the dermis, associated with hair follicles

138
Q

subcutaneous layer

A

innermost layer of the skin (deepest layer), containing fat tissue majority of your bodys fat is here

138
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus

A

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs

139
Q

stapes

A

small, stirrup -shaped bone in the middle ear, this osscile (smallest bone In the body)

140
Q

suppurative otitis media

A

Chronic suppurative otitis media, also known as chronic otitis media, is a stage of ear disease in which there is an on-going chronic infection of the middle ear without an intact tympanic membrane. This disease is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity.

141
Q

sessile

A

type of polyp (Abnormal tissue growth on a mucous membrane.) that extends from a broad base as opposed to growing on a stalk

142
Q

sonographer

A

A diagnostic medical sonographer, also known simply as a sonographer, uses imaging equipment and soundwaves to form images of many parts of the body, known as ultrasounds.

143
Q

social phobia

A

Social anxiety disorder, also called social phobia, is a long-term and overwhelming fear of social situations. It’s a common problem that usually starts during the teenage years.

144
Q

thalamus

A

main relay center of the brain. Optic nerve fibers pass through the thalamus on their way to the cerebral cortex

145
Q

tinnitus

A

sensation of noises in the ears without an external source, like when your ears ring

146
Q

thyroid gland

A

lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that produces T cell lymphocytes and aids in the immune response

147
Q

ultrasonography

A

use of high frequency sound waves to produce a record or picture of an organ or tissue

148
Q

vesicle

A

small collection of clear fluid (blister)

149
Q

vertigo

A

the sensation of irregular or whirling motion either of oneself or of external objects. People with vertigo feel as though they are actually spinning or moving, or that the world is spinning around them.

150
Q
A

med term (5 decks)

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