mid term review #3 Flashcards
1
Q
Bucc/o
A
cheek
2
Q
Cheil/o
A
lips
3
Q
Enter/o
A
intestines (usually small)
4
Q
Gastr/o
A
stomach
5
Q
Proct/o
A
anus and rectum
6
Q
stomat/o
A
mouth
7
Q
Amyl/o
A
starch
8
Q
Gluc/o
A
glucose, sugar
9
Q
glyc/o
A
glucose, sugar
10
Q
-emesis
A
vomiting
11
Q
-ptysis
A
spitting
12
Q
Cyst/o
A
urinary bladder, cyst, sac of fluid
13
Q
Nephr/o
A
kidney
14
Q
Dips/o
A
thirst
15
Q
Natr/o
A
sodium
16
Q
Py/o
A
pus
17
Q
Colp/o
A
vagina
18
Q
Gynec/o
A
women, female
19
Q
Obstetr/o
A
pregnancy, childbirth
20
Q
Salping/o
A
fallopian tube
21
Q
-gravida
A
pregnant women
22
Q
Balan/o
A
glans penis
23
Q
Orch/o
A
testis
24
Q
Zo/o
A
animal life
25
-genesis
producing, forming
26
-stomy
new opening (to form a mouth)
27
amylase
Enzyme that digests starches into simpler substances
28
Bile
digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder
29
lipase
pancreatic enzyme neccesary to digest fats
30
Amino acids
small building blocks of proteins, released when proteins are digested
31
duodenum
first part of the small intestines
32
jejunum
second part of the small intestines
33
cecum
first part of the large intestines
34
ileum
third part of the small intestines
35
36
37
insulin
hormone secreted by the endocrine cells of the pancreas. It transports sugar from the blood into the cells
38
hydrochloric acid
substance produced in the stomach, aids digestion
38
Dentin
primary material found in teeth, surrounding the pulp and covered by enamel of the crown
39
Protease
enzyme that digests protein
40
Pylorus
The part of the stomach that connects to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine). The pylorus is a valve that opens and closes during digestion.
41
sphincter
circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening
42
Peristalsis
rhythmic contractions of the tubes of the gastrointestinal tract and other tubular structures, creating wave-like movements that push the contents of the canal forward.
43
peptic ulcer
open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum,Ulcers occur when stomach acid damages the lining of the digestive tract.
44
achalasia
failure of the lower esophageal sphincter muscle to relax
45
hernia
a condition in which part of an organ is displaced and protrudes through the wall of the cavity containing it
46
Herpetic Stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpesvirus. Young children commonly get it when they are first exposed to HSV. The first outbreak is usually the most severe
47
stool culture
test for microorganisms, such as bacteria, in feces.
48
stool guaiac
test for detection of occult blood in feces
49
Hemoccult Test
Hemoccult is a convenient, qualitative procedure that uses a guaiac paper slide test to detect fecal occult blood, Fecal occult blood refers to blood in the feces that is not visibly apparent.
50
Cholangiography
putting a dye called a contrast medium into the bile ducts and gallbladder to show them up clearly on x-ray.
51
Polyphagia
excessive eating
52
Dysphagia
difficulty in swallowing
53
Gastroesophageal reflux
solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach
54
Urologist
specialist in the study of the urinary tract in males and females and the reproductive tract in males
55
Gastroenterologist
a medical practitioner specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and related organs. gastrointestinal means relating to the stomach and the intestines.
56
Ascites
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
57
Pyloric Stenosis
A condition in which the opening between the stomach and small intestine thickens.
narrowing of the pyloric sphincter often occurs in infants between birth and 6 months of age, The pyloric sphincter at the bottom of the stomach is a muscular valve that opens to allow food to pass from the stomach to the top of the small intestine
58
Inguinal Hernia
a small loop of bowel protrudes through a weakened lower abdominal muscle
59
Dysentery
painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection
60
Renal Pelvis
central collecting chamber of the kidney
61
enuresis
bedwetting, meaning "in urine"
62
Diuresis
increased excretion of urine by the kidneys, a diuretic is an agent, such as tea, coffee, or water, that increases diuresis
63
Oliguria
scanty urination, scanty meaning small amount
64
65
Nocturia
urinary frequency at night
66
Nephrectomy
removal of kidney
67
Nephrostomy
opening of the kidney to the outside of the body
68
Meatotomy
a surgery done to widen the meatus. The meatus is the opening at the tip of the penis where urine leaves the body.
69
Cystostomy
new opening of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
70
Meatal Stenosis
narrowing of the meatus leading from the urethra to the outside of the body
71
Urolithiasis
the formation of stony concretions in the bladder or urinary tract.
72
Azotemia
excess nitrogenous waste products in the blood
73
Nephropathy
disease of the kidneys
74
Ketones
acids that your body makes when it breaks down fat for energy, present in your blood
75
Cervix
neck-like lower portion of the cervix
76
Endometrium
inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus
77
Fallopian Tubes
one of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus, also called oviduct
78
Ovary
one of two small glands responsible for egg production and hormone secretion
79
Uterus
muscular organ in a female that holds the embryo/fetus as it develops (womb)
80
Menarche
beginning of the first menstrual period
81
Menopause
gradual ending of menstruation
82
Seminal Vesicles
pair of male exocrine glands lying behind the urinary bladder and opening into the vas defrens, they store and produce the majority of the fluid that makes up semen.
83
Prostate Gland
gland in men that surrounds the neck of the urinary bladder and urethra. It produces a fluid which, after combining with sperm cells, leaves the body as semen
84
Cowper Glands
pair of glands found at the base of the penis, underneath the prostate gland. These glands secrete an alkaline secretion (seminal fluid) during sexual activity which will protect the sperm cells from the acid environment of the penile urethra and the female reproductive tract.
85
Prepuce
fold of skin covering the glans penis (foreskin)
86
Culdocentesis
needle aspiration of fluid from the cul-de-sac (space behind the vagina), a procedure that checks for abnormal fluid in the space just behind the vagina.
87
Pap test
microscopic examination of stained cells removed from the vagina and cervix, also called a pap smear,used to detect potentially precancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix
88
Chlamydia
Chlamydia spreads through vaginal, anal, or oral sex with someone with the infection, Chlamydia is a common STD that can cause infection among both men and women. It can cause permanent damage to a woman'sreproductive tract, caused by bacteria called Chlamydia trachomatis. is cureable
89
Herpes Genitalis
sexually transmitted infection of the skin and genital mucosa
90
Gonorrhea
sexually transmitted infection involving inflammation of genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci
91
Syphilis
sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria. A chancre (ulcer) on the genitalia is a characteristic lesion
92
Cryptorchidism
one or both testes fail to descend from the abdomen into the scrotal sac near the time of birth
93
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
prostatic (prostate, the organ near the penis) enlargement, not cancerous
94
Hypospadias
a birth defect (congenital conditon) in boys in which the opening of the urethra (pee hole) is not located at the tip of the penis
95
Phimosis
A condition in which tight foreskin can't be pulled back over the head of the penis.
96
HCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a chemical created by trophoblast tissue, tissue typically found in early embryos and which will eventually be part of the placenta. Measuring hCG levels can be helpful in identifying a normal pregnancy, pathologic pregnancy, and can also be useful following an aborted pregnancy
97
IUD
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are small contraceptive devices that are inserted into the uterus (womb) to prevent pregnancy. provides birth control for three to 10 years, depending on the type. A small, flexible, T-shaped device,
98
LH
The LH blood test measures the amount of luteinizing hormone (LH) in blood. LH is a hormone released by the pituitary gland, located on the underside of the brain. This at-home test is often used by women to help predict when an egg release is likely.
99
PID
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is defined as an inflammation of the upper genital tract due to an infection in women. The disease affects the uterus, Fallopian tubes, and/or ovaries. It is typically an ascending infection, spreading from the lower genital tract.
100
Tubal Ligation
blocking the fallopian tubes to prevent fertilization from occurring
101
Vasectomy
bilateral surgical removal of a part of vas deferens, male sterilizations
102
Vasovasostomy
rejoining the cut ends of the vas deferens to restore male fertility, reversal of vasectomy
103
