Midterm 2 part 2 chapter III

Question 1

Mosquitoes are the principle vectors of Equine encephalomyelitis virus

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Equine encephalomyelitis viruses cause disease in horse populations worldwide.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Equine encephalomyelitis outbreaks are usually emerging in summer or rainy seasons.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

After recovery from acute viral encephalomyelitis permanent lesions may remain in horses.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The equine encephalomyelitis viruses are zoonotic agents.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus infects only horses.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Togavirus infections can unambiguously be diagnosed based on clinical signs and pathology.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

In Europe vaccination of horses against equine encephalomyelitis is compulsory

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Wild birds are involved in the transmission cycle of Eastern equine encephalomyelitis.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Ticks are involved in the transmission cycle of EEE.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Viral equine encephalomyelitis is usually diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

In endemic countries vaccines are available against equine viral encephalomyelitis.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Mainly ticks are the vectors of equine encephalomyelitis virus.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Togavirus infections can unambiguously be diagnosed based on clinical signs and pain.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Many of the flaviviruses are zoonotic agents.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

The pestiviruses are arboviruses.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

Flaviviruses form distinct serotypes without serological cross-reactions.

Answer 17

False

Question 18

Pestivirus are zoonotic agents.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Viruses of the Pestivirus genus are more resistant in the environment than the other members of the Flavivirus genus.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Yellow fever virus and Dengue virus are human pathogens.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Flaviviruses are resistant to lipid solvents.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

Louping ill is seen in cattle in North America.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

Louping ill present only in tropical and subtropical countries.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Louping ill is mostly seen in sheep.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Louping ill is usually seen in rabbit

Answer 25

False

Question 26

Abortion and foetal malformations are the most typical signs of Louping ill in sheep.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

Differential diagnoses of Louping-Ill: Listeria, Rabies, Scrapie.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Louping-Ill is a disease of swine.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Louping ill occurs in the Far-East

Answer 29

False

Question 30

The main vectors of the Tick-borne encephalitis virus are Hyalomma and Dermocentor species.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

The Tick-borne encephalitis virus is resistant to detergents.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

Mainly birds develop Tick-borne encephalitis.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

The consumption of raw goat milk is a possible cause of the human tick born encephalitis.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Biphasic fever is a characteristic sign of Tick-born encephalitis.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Tick-borne encephalitis viruses are present only in tropical regions.

Answer 35

False

Question 36

Inactivated vaccines are available against tick-borne encephalitis for humans.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

The tick-borne encephalitis is widespread in North America

Answer 37

False

Question 38

The West Nile virus is present only in Africa.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

Mosquitoes are the principle vectors of the West Nile virus.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Horses and humans do not play a significant role in the transmission of West Nile Virus.

Answer 40

True

Question 41

The weather does not influence the occurrence of West Nile fever outbreaks.

Answer 41

False

Question 42

Horses are the reservoirs host of West Nile Virus.

Answer 42

False

Question 43

The weather influences the emergence of WNV outbreaks through its effect on mosquito Propagation dynamics.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

The sero-diagnostics of West Nile virus is complicated by cross-reactions with related flaviviruses.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

The West Nile Virus is genetically uniform, but at least 15 serotypes are known.

Answer 45

False

Question 46

Certain predatory bird species are particularly sensitive to West Nile virus infections.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

The use of repellents may reduce the risk of infection with West Nile virus.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

Fomites play the most significant role in the transmission of the West Nile Virus.

Answer 48

False

Question 49

West Nile Virus typically causes reproductive problems in cattle

Answer 49

False

Question 50

West Nile Fever can be unambiguously diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs.

Answer 50

False

Question 51

There are no available vaccinations for humans against West Nile Virus yet.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

The principal vectors of the West Nile Virus are midges.

Answer 52

False

Question 53

Different genetic lineages of West Nile Virus are circulating in Europe.

Answer 53

True

Question 54

West Nile Virus mainly causes diarrhoea in sheep.

Answer 54

False

Question 55

West Nile Virus typically causes reproductive problems in cattle.

Answer 55

False

Question 56

West Nile Virus can be unambiguously diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs.

Answer 56

False

Question 57

Wild birds are the natural hosts of West Nile virus.

Answer 57

True

Question 58

Mammals are usually accidental, dead-end hosts of WNV.

Answer 58

True

Question 59

West Nile Virus causes central nervous signs in 80-90% of the infections.

Answer 59

False

Question 60

West Nile Virus outbreaks usually develop in the end of summer and in autumn.

Answer 60

True

Question 61

West Nile Virus cannot be isolated in cell cultures.

Answer 61

False

Question 62

Vaccines are available for the prevention of horses from WNV infections.

Answer 62

True

Question 63

West Nile Virus is the only known zoonotic flavivirus. | Bovine

Answer 63

False

Question 64

Attenuated vaccine strains against bovine viral diarrhea virus may have foetopathic effects.

Answer 64

True

Question 65

Eradication of BVD is based on the removal of immunotolerance.

Answer 65

True

Question 66

The only efficient way of BVD eradication is the replacement of all the animals in the farm.

Answer 66

False

Question 67

In sheep, BVD may cause a disease similar to the border disease.

Answer 67

True

Question 68

Bovine viral diarrhea and Mucosal disease are caused by the same virus species.

Answer 68

True

Question 69

Mucosal disease usually emerges in cattle farms as explosive outbreaks with high morbidity.

Answer 69

False

Question 70

Swine are not susceptible for Bovine viral diarrhea virus.

Answer 70

False

Question 71

Two serotypes of the bovine viral diarrhea virus are known so far, serotype two is more virulent.

Answer 71

False | its 2 genotypes, NOT serotypes

Question 72

BVDV cannot be propagated in cell cultures.

Answer 72

False

Question 73

BVDV is practically sensitive to disinfectants.

Answer 73

True

Question 74

Rodents play a central role in the maintenance of BVD virus in the environment.

Answer 74

False

Question 75

Bovine Viral Diarrhea cannot be transmitted with AI

Answer 75

False

Question 76

Non-cytopathic BVD stain can mutate and become cytopathic.

Answer 76

True

Question 77

Intrauterine BVD infection always cause abortion.

Answer 77

False

Question 78

Cytopathic and non-cytopathic biotypes of the BVD virus are known.

Answer 78

True

Question 79

Wild birds are the natural hosts of the Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus.

Answer 79

False

Question 80

Environmental contamination does not play a role in the spread of the BVD virus.

Answer 80

False

Question 81

The BVD virus typically damages endothelial epithelial- and lymphatic tissues.

Answer 81

True

Question 82

Cattle which are immune-tolerant to BVDV virus may develop mucosal disease.

Answer 82

True

Question 83

Mucosal Disease, only inactivated vaccines can be used for the prevention against BVD.

Answer 83

False

Question 84

Cytopathic BVDV strains cause mucosal disease in immune-tolerant calves.

Answer 84

True

Question 85

Non-cytopathic BVDV infections have immunosuppressive effect.

Answer 85

True

Question 86

Because Europe is free from BVD, it is forbidden to use vaccines against it.

Answer 86

False

Question 87

The BVD virus genotype 2 is less virulent than genotype 1.

Answer 87

False

Question 88

The BVDV typically damages endothelial-, epithelial- and lymphatic tissues.

Answer 88

True

Question 89

Only inactivated vaccines can be used for the prevention against BVD.

Answer 89

False

Question 90

BVDV infection may cause immunosuppression.

Answer 90

True

Question 91

BVDV in sheep causes border disease-like illness.

Answer 91

True

Question 92

Two genotypes of the BVDV are known.

Answer 92

True

Question 93

BVDV forms one serotype, but there are significant antigenic differences between the strains.

Answer 93

True

Question 94

Persistently infected animals play the major role in the maintenance and spread of BVDV.

Answer 94

True

Question 95

Eradication of BVDV is based on the removal of immunotolerant animals.

Answer 95

True

Question 96

Because IBDV is an immunosuppressive virus, no vaccines against it

Answer 96

False

Question 97

Border diseases is most frequently seen in horses.

Answer 97

False

Question 98

In utero border disease virus may cause immunotolerance.

Answer 98

True

Question 99

The border disease virus may infect goats too.

Answer 99

True

Question 100

Border disease of sheep is mainly characterized by fetal damage

Answer 100

True