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US History II > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

Yellow Journalism

A

sectionalist reporting in which writers often exaggerated or even made up stories to attract readers

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2
Q

Imperialism

A

economic and political domination of a strong nation over a weak nation

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3
Q

Anglo-Saxonism

A

(John Fiske) English speaking nations have superior character, ideas, and system of gov.

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4
Q

Autonomy

A

right or condition of self government

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5
Q

Sphere of Influence

A

the claim by a state to exclusive or predominant control over a foreign area or territory

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6
Q

Roosevelt Corollary

A

not only were the nations of the Western Hemisphere not open to colonization by European powers, but that the United States had the responsibility to preserve order and protect life and property in those countries

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7
Q

Open Door Policy

A

equal rights among country trading

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8
Q

Hay-Pauncefote Treaty

A

negotiated with Great Britain the second Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, giving the United States exclusive rights to build a canal across the Isthmus of Panama

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9
Q

Progressivism

A

collection of different ideas and activities for social problems

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10
Q

Muckraker

A

among the 1st people to articulate progressive ideas was a group of crusading journalists who investigated social conditions and political corruption

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11
Q

Direct Primary

A

all party members could vote for a candidate to run in the general election

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12
Q

Protectorate

A

local rulers stay in control, imperial power protects from invasion, Europeans tell them how to govern

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13
Q

Boxer Rebellion

A

Secret Chinese societies trying to get rid of foreign control (the Boxers)
Foreigners & Christina converts
Kill 200 Bejing embassies

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14
Q

Pan-Americanism

A

the idea that the US and Latin American work together to support peace and increase trade

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15
Q

Jingoism

A

an attitude of aggressive nationalism

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16
Q

Social Darwinism

A

an idea from Charles Darwin who believes that the best will survive

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17
Q

Dollar Diplomacy

A

Taft’s policies to help Latin American industry

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18
Q

Pocket Veto

A

an indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor by retaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session

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19
Q

Black Codes

A

restricted black people’s right to own property, conduct business, buy and lease land, and move freely through public spaces

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20
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1866

A

declared all persons born in the United States to be citizens, “without distinction of race or color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude

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21
Q

Suffrage

A

a movement that supports the women’s right to vote

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22
Q

Radical Republicans

A

believed blacks were entitled to the same political rights and opportunities as whites

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23
Q

Prohibition

A

laws banning the manufacture, sale, and consumption of alcohol

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24
Q

Freedmen’s Bureau

A

helps newly freed slaves with food, shelter, and education

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25
Q

Arbitration

A

settlement by an outside party

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26
Q

Graft

A

money through questionable means

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27
Q

Insubordination

A

disobedience

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28
Q

Recall

A

allows voters to demand a special election to remove an elected official from office before his/her term expired

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29
Q

Syndicate

A

an association of racketeers in control of organized crime

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30
Q

Tenant Farmers

A

contribute their labor along with at times varying amounts of capital and management

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31
Q

Federal Trade Commission

A

made to protect consumers and promote competition

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32
Q

Sharecroppers

A

a system where the landlord/planter allows a tenant to use the land in exchange for a share of the crop. This encouraged tenants to work to produce the biggest harvest that they could, and ensured they would remain tied to the land and unlikely to leave for other opportunities

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33
Q

Clayton Antitrust Act

A

curbed the power monopolies had which eliminated unfair competition

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34
Q

Debt Peonage

A

a system where an employer compels a worker to pay off a debt with work

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35
Q

Federal Reserve Acts

A

is a legislation in the United States that created the Federal Reserve System

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36
Q

Boomtowns

A

a community undergoing rapid growth due to sudden economic shock

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37
Q

Children’s Bureau

A

Investigated and publicized child labor problems
Still exists today & deals with issues such as child abuse prevention, adoption, and foster care

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38
Q

Self-Determination

A

the idea that poeple who share a national identity should have their own country and government

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39
Q

Pure Food & Drug Act

A

ensure correctly labeled food

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40
Q

Armistice

A

an agreement for the cessation of active hostilities between two or more belligerents

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41
Q

New Nationalism

A

federal power to regulate business

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42
Q

New Freedom

A

monopolies evil, need free enterprise in the econmy

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43
Q

Deportation

A

the formal removal of a foreign national from the U.S. for violating an immigration law

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44
Q

KKK

A

(Ku Klux Klan) racist, anti-Semitic committed to extreme violence to achieve its goals of racial segregation and white supremacy

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45
Q

Gross National Product

A

the total value of all goods and services produced by a country

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46
Q

Sedition Act of 1918

A

curtailed the free speech rights of U.S. citizens during time of war

47
Q

Populism

A

“the people” vs. “the elite”

48
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A

mandated racial segregation in all public facilities in the states of the former Confederate States of America and in some others, beginning in the 1870s

49
Q

Propaganda

A

exaggerated news to influence the public

50
Q

Monopoly

A

single company achieves control of an entire market

51
Q

Party Bosses

A

a boss is a person who controls a faction or local branch of a political party. They do not necessarily hold public office themselves

52
Q

Steerage

A

the lowest possible category of long-distance steamer travel

53
Q

Nativism

A

anti-immigration

54
Q

Gilded Ages

A

era in American history from 1870-19000

55
Q

Tenements

A

narrow, low-rise apartment buildings

56
Q

Individualism

A

no matter the origins, people can rise through a society based on work ethic and talents. Horatio Alger, “rags-to-riches” novels

57
Q

Political Machine

A

organizations linked to a political party that often controlled local government

58
Q

Social Darwinism

A

Herbert Spencer, survival of the fittest in society
Paralleled w/ laissez faire economics
Church (Bible v. Evolution)

59
Q

Philanthropy

A

recognizing and supporting the humanity of others

60
Q

Americanism

A

stresses a collective political identity based on the principles outlined in the Constitution of the United States by the Founding Fathers

61
Q

Vertical Integration

A

a company owns all of the different businesses on which it depends for its operation

62
Q

Horizontal Integration

A

combining many firms engaged in the same type of business into one large corporation

63
Q

Panic of 1873

A

a financial crisis in the United States that touched off a major depression, which lasted until the mid-1840s

64
Q

Welfare Capitalism

A

capitalism that includes social welfare policies and/or the practice of businesses providing welfare services to their employees

65
Q

Jane Addams

A

opened the famous Hull House in Chicago
English classes, lunch, medical care

66
Q

Andrew Johnson

A

violated the Tenure of Office Act

67
Q

William Jennings Bryan

A

(anti-imperialism)

68
Q

Abraham Lincoln

A

assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, fought against slavery

69
Q

William McKinley

A

(President) set up the explosion of the USS Maine
Slogan > “4 years more of the Full Dinner Pail”

70
Q

Thomas Edison

A

Phonograph, light bulb, electric generator

71
Q

Ida B. Wells

A

Decreased lynching
Acts of greed (black owners of grocery stores lynched for competing with whites)

72
Q

John D. Rockefeller

A

compoany was standadrd oil. creates a monopoly with his oil empire and limits competition

73
Q

Booker T. Washington

A

Temporarily forgo political rights and focus on educational and vocational equality

74
Q

Andrew Carnegie

A

a scottish immigrant who rose from bobbin bay in a textile factory to owner of a steel company in Pitsburgh

75
Q

W.E.B. Du Bois

A

must demand rights from whites to revive full equality - especially the right to vote

76
Q

Ulysses S. Grant

A

scandel president. hanoing our with drinking buddies while the government was coming up with drinking policies

77
Q

William “Boss” Tweed

A

corrupt leader of NYC

78
Q

W.R. Hearst & Joseph Pulitzer

A

owned The Journal and competed with Joseph Pulitzer (owned The World) to increase their circulation

79
Q

Herbert Hoover

A

(Food Administration) save food (meatless Tuesday), victory gardens - raise their own crops

80
Q

Alfred T. Mahan

A

(Captin) The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660-1783
Large fleets protect merchant ships, territory overseas for bases, defend trading rights

81
Q

Upton Sinclair

A

wrote The Jungle (about what he thought was wrong in America)

82
Q

George Dewey

A

(Admiral) take Manila Bay from Hong Kong

83
Q

Calvin Coolidge

A

became the preident of the US after Warren G. Harding

84
Q

Theodore Roosevelt

A

assistant secretary of the Navy. “It is hard to fail, but it is worse never to have tried to succeed”

85
Q

William Howard Taft

A

(1st civilian govenor) use reform to win Flipinos
IMprove infrastructure

86
Q

Jacob Riis

A

“colored to designate nationalities, would show more stripes than on the skin of a zebra”

87
Q

Grover Cleaveland

A

helps the ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission)

88
Q

Robert La Follette

A

a Republican who was elected by Wisconsin voters. He also used his office to attack the way political parties ran their convention

89
Q

Woodrow Wilson

A

gov. of NJ, revamp ED. Boards and utilty boards

90
Q

John T. Scopes

A

a high school biology teacher who taught evolution (as an experiment) & put on trial)
Result > $100 fine (later overturned)

91
Q

Henry Ford

A

makes the assembly line

92
Q

NAACP (Leaders and purpose)

A

(National Association for the Advancement for Colored People) Long struggle against racism

93
Q

4 Causes of the Spanish American War

A
  1. Cuban Rebellion against Spain (Cuba wants independence)
  2. American desire to protect investments in Cuba (sugar investments)
  3. Yellow journalism that intensified public anger at Spain (Us citizens support the war now)
  4. Explosion of the USS Maine (Last straw)
94
Q

The Panama Canal

A

8,000 miles long

95
Q

“Speak softly and carry a big stick”

A

Teddy Roosevelt

96
Q

Relations in Latin America

A

pan- americanism - want to increase relations to spread democracy and trade with them

97
Q

Reconstruction

A

reconstructing the US

98
Q

Settling the West

A

when people move to the west from the US (ranching and mining become popular)

99
Q

Industrialization

A

referring to factories, production

100
Q

Urban America

A

different cities that now become more populated

101
Q

Progressive Era

A

identifying problems in society and fixing them

102
Q

World War l

A

1914-1918

103
Q

The Jazz Age

A

roaring twenties

104
Q

The Social Gospel

A

biblical ideals through charity and justice

105
Q

Urbanization

A

created progressivism along with idustrialization

106
Q

4 Main Causes of WW1

A

M > Militarism
A > Alliances
I > Imperalism
N > Nationalism

107
Q

Amendment 13

A

abolished slavery

108
Q

Amendment 14

A

all citizens granted rights

109
Q

Amendment 15

A

granted African American men to vote

110
Q

Amendment 16

A

established Congress’s right to impose a Federal income tax

111
Q

Amendment 17

A

allowing voters to cast direct votes for U.S. senators

112
Q

Amendment 18

A

prohibited “the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquours”

113
Q

Amendment 19

A

grants women the right to vote

US History II (12 decks)

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