Midterm #1 Images Flashcards
1
Q
A
- City of Mohenjodaro, Harappan or Indus Valley civilization
- Located in India/Pakistan
- 2600-1900 BCE
- The great Bath is located there. Also very sophisticated sewage system
- Why the great Bath?…. perhaps for ceremonies… or for the elite… a place to bath… or maybe a place to keep sea life? No record why… just theories
2
Q
A
- Dancing girl made of copper
- From the Harappan or Indus Valley civilization
- Located in India/Pakistan
- 2600-1900 BCE
- Labeled b/c of post
- Small object… roughly 4 inches
- female… gender clear
- Naked with rings covering body… elaborate necklace
3
Q
A
- Yogi, square stamp seal
- Made of steatite (soft type of stone)
- From the Harappan or Indus Valley civilization
- Located in India/Pakistan
- 2600-1900 BCE
- Small carving (artist must have good eyesight)
- Similar to Shiva, a Hindu God… b/c he is known to have many faces and hands.
- Face has 3 faces… facing forward, and then facing left then right
- Man (genitals) sitting in meditative position and he is wearing a headdress with two horns
- Surrounded by animals (possibly part of animal world)… not ordinary human being
4
Q
A
- Painted basin,
- Found in Banpo, Shaanxi, Yangshao culture,
- Located in China
- c. 4000 BCE
- Neolithic China
- It is a painted pottery
- The basin is in a perfect circle (advanced potter)
- Images of a face and fishes
- Purpose may be to put fishes in it… or maybe it was a symbol of good luck… possibly a supernatural being to help with fishing
5
Q
A
- Black stem cup,
- Found in the Donghaiyu, Shandong, Longshan culture
- Located in China
- c. 3000-2000 BCE
- Late Neolithic China
- From black pottery culture
- Made on a slow turntable allowing them to dry leather hard
6
Q
A
- Jade cong tube
- From Yaoshan, Zhejiang, Liangzhu culture (Neolithic Period)
- Located in China,
- c. 3000 BCE
- 7.2 cm (2 7/8”)
- Made of jade (complex)
- Made from imported jade boulders, large rectangular prisms with cylindrical inner surfaces (cong) were carved, then decorated with rectlinear patterns.
- Also - embellishments of spirals and circles that define eyes, nose, and mouth “masks”… majorelement in Shang iconographic vocab.
7
Q
A
- Plan of Fu Hao’s tomb
- From Anyang, Henan, Shang dynasty
- Located China
- c. 1200 BCE
- She was a consort of King Wu Ding (12th ruler of Shang)
- Important and extraordinary woman… once served in battle… favorite and most powerful wife
- Found in tomb: 600 jade, stone and bone carvings, 6 dogs, 16 humand (servants), 440 bronzes (220 vessels), and 7000 cowrie shells… the riches express the importance of this woman
- Pounded dirt and simple bay architecture
8
Q
A
- Kneeling figurine
- Made of jade
- From Fu Hao’s tomb, Anyang, Henan, Shang dynasty
- Located in China
- c. 1200 BCE
- Found in Fu Hao’s tomb
- Jade carving - material expensive
- Male b/c hands are laying on lap and not crossed.
- Animal like tail… part human and animal
- Made for the tomb
- Possibly a devine figure
- serving someone
9
Q
A
- Bronze jue vessel
- From Fu Hao’s tomb, Anyang, Henan, Shang dynasty
- Located in China
- c. 1200 BCE
- Made of bronze (piece mold casting)
- Found in Fu Hao’s Tomb
- Intended for wine
- four legs that extend below ending at a point. The vessel is square shaped
10
Q
A
- Bronze owl-shaped zun vessel
- From Fu Hao’s tomb, Anyang, Henan, Shang dynasty
- Located in China
- c. 1200 BCE.
- Found in Fu Hao’s tomb
- bronze (piece mold casting)
- round… center… circle and line shapes at the center… wings … handle on the back.. owl head at top
- Motif: Taotie
- intended for wine
11
Q
A
- Bronze square ding vessel
- From Fu Hao’s tomb, Anyang, Henan, Shang dynasty
- Located in China
- c. 1200 BCE
- Square
- Intended for food… ceremonial food vesel.
- Made of bronze (piece mold casting)
12
Q
A
- Bronze standing figure
- Found in Pit no. 2 of Sanxingdui, Sichuan
- Located in China
- 1200-1050 BCE
- Made of bronze) piece mold casting
- Not funerary function… was found in sacrificial pit with no human bodies
- Found broken- was put back together
- More of a representation or caricature of a religious or political figure
- Large – 7ft (lifesize)
- Hands holding something… weapon… sacrificial tool… elephant tusk?
- Possibly used above ground before being buried in cermonies etc.
13
Q
A
- Bronze pan vessel
- Found in Zhuangbo Hoard no. 1, Fufeng, Shaanxi province
- 10th -9th centuries BCE
- In Western Zhou dynasty, China
- Narrative on plate
- Inscriptions on plate… possibly expresses that it wasn’t use and was more for decorative purposes.
- Made to honor and occasion in the family’s history… part of ancestral worship
- Made from bronze (Piece mold casting)
14
Q
A
- Bronze tiger (Freer Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.)
- 10th century BCE
- Found and located in Western Zhou dynasty, China
- Represents Zhou period’s change in vessel shape - to sculpture
- Bronze (Piece mold casting)
- Tiger with large teeth and design on body
15
Q
A
- Reconstructed model of Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng
- In Sui County, Hubei, China
- 433 BCE
- In tack tomb with with several rooms… West Chamber Servants Qtrs (13 women- lower class concubines)… East Chamber Private Qtrs (marquis double coffins and 8 coffins with concubines)… Central Chamber Ceremonial Hall (bronze bells and ritual vessels)
- Like a household
- Found several bronzes… large bells, many vessels, drums, also gold and lacquer pieces.
16
Q
A
- A set of bronze bells
- Found Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng
- Located in Sui County, Hubei, China
- 433 BCE
- Found in the central chamber of the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng
- 26 bells and 65 chimes
- Suspended on a lacquered stand
- has inscriptions that identify the tomb occupant
- Used to make music but also for visual arts.
17
Q
A
- Bronze zun-pan vessel
- Found in Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng
- Located in Sui County, Hubei, China
- 433 BCE.
- Bronze made from lost wax mold casting… b/c of loss wax method creates a greater sophistication in design.
- Seen as a luxery item b/c of design
18
Q
A
- Plan of Lishan Mausoleum for First Emperor of Qin, Lintong, Shaanxi
- 237-210 BCE
- From Qin dynasty, China
- Plan for the mausoleum for first emperor of Qin
- For the First Emperor’s magical army meant to guard the tomb
- Four pits - Pit no. 1: Right Army- main army with 6000 figures…. Pit no. 2: Left Army - military guard- has cavalry, infantry units and war chariots… Pit no. 3: Command Headquarter… Pit no. 4 is empty impressing that the tomb was left unfinished.
19
Q
A
- Overview of the underground army in Pit no. 1
- In the Lishan Mausoleum, Lintong, Shaanxi,
- late 3rd century BCE
- From Qin dynasty, China
- Terracotta warriors in military formation.
- The army had to be durable
- It had to be finished within a reasonable time frame
- It had to look “real”
- Made with the expertise of drainage pipe makers
20
Q
A
- Archer from Pit no. 1
- From the Lishan Mausoleum, Lintong, Shaanxi
- late 3rd century BCE
- From the Qin dynasty, China
- Terra cota warrior
- One of the representations of the magical army for the emperor Qin at his death – one tiny part of a larger element
- funerary function
- realistic and natural
- Emperor interested in legacy
- Li Si overseer of tomb building
- Holding something- bow
- Made from terra cotta material (clay)… it is a cheaper material but more efficient
21
Q
A
- Different facial types for members of the underground army
- Found in Lishan Mausoleum, Lintong, Shaanxi,
- late 3rd century BCE
- From the Qin dynasty, China.
- Each figure consists of 7 major parts: plinth, feet, legs below garment, torso, arms, hands, head.
- There are 3 types of plinth, 2 types of feet, 3 types of shoes, 4 types of boots, 2 types of legs 8 types of torso, 2 types of armor, 8 types of head
- We know pipe makers b/c found pipes are like to legs
- Were originally painted, but now unable to preserve
- 10 hours to carve 1… 10,000 soldiers
22
Q
A
- Bronze chariots discovered west of tumulus
- Found in the Lishan Mausoleum, Lintong, Shaanxi
- late 3rd century BCE
- From the Qin dynasty, China. Lee fig. 73
- Bronze chariots - half sized miniatures made to function like normal chariots
- Located to the west of the main tomb
- For horse and covered chariot with driver
23
Q
A
- Layout of Mawangdui Tomb No. 1
- Located in Changsha, Hunan, China
- early 2nd centuryBCE
- Vertical pit tomb
- Overall tomb very Preserved
- White clay and charcoal surrounding… became a natural refrigerator… preserving
- The Body of Lady Dai naturally preservied b/c of the surrounding… not mummified… b/c of preservation of body we know that she had a right arm a deformity and back problems
- Also we know what she at before she died b/c honeydew melon seeds were found inside her belly
- Also food on vessels preserved
- Contents – mingqi – no human sacrifices… instead there are figurines… Expensive objects – comfortable life
24
Q
A
- Second outer coffin (2nd from outside)
- Lacquer, Mawangdui Tomb No. 1
- Located in Changsha, Hunan, China
- early 2nd century BCE
- Four coffins nested… Images associated with cult of immortality… Suggestion on coffin that life will continue
- Second Outer Coffin (2nd)… Detail on coffin… images of half animal and half human… Heavenly realm… Naked figure climbing realm… Maybe deceased trying to enter realm
- Lacquered wood
25
Q
A
- Painted banner, silk, Mawangdui Tomb No. 1, Changsha
- Hunan, China,
- early 2nd century BCE
- Found in coffin
- Thought to be used as a banner during death ritual
- 3 separate scenes… top middle and bottom… each has a main women as the focus of attention… Lady Dai
- Possible interpretation?
• Parts of her in heaven?
• Journey?
• Questions what happens after death
• Some believe that soul and body need to be appeased
• Perhaps banner suggests this
26
Q
A
- Tray with cups and bowls
- lacquer
- Found in Mawangdui Tomb No.1
- Located in Changsha, Hunan, China
- early 2nd century BCE
- Made of wood and lacquered
- Found in Mawangdui Tomb
27
Q
A
- Reconstruction diagram of Liu Sheng’s tomb
- Located in Mancheng, Hebei, China
- c. 113 BCE
- Horizontal Tomb, multi-chambered design
- Emperors half brother
- Accessible – above ground
- Stable & Storage… Main Hall… Burial Chamber…
- Found in tomb: jade burial suit
- Also - Bathroom found… flushable toilet!
- Also - bronze objects… insence burner… vessels… lamps
- Also in tomb - Dou Wan, wife of Liu Sheng
28
Q
A
- Burial suit, jade pieces and goldthread
- Found in Tomb of Liu Sheng
- Located in Mancheng, Hebei, China
- c. 113 BCE
- In place of body
- 3 layers of jade
- Jade plugs for body orifices
- 13 jade disks wrapped around the body
- Jade suit made of 2500 pieces of jades and 1100 grams of gold thread
- Thoughts on suit… not made to look better than the real body… looks like him verses trying to make him look better… protect him in the afterlife
- Jade stands in place of death
29
Q
A
- Incense burner
- Found in Tomb of Liu Sheng, Mancheng
- Located in Hebei,China
- c. 113 BCE
- Found in Liu Sheng tomb
- Bronze with gold inlay (lost wax method)
- Symbolism and elegant technique
- Expresses the Han metal work
30
Q
A
- Plan of Anak Tomb no. 3
- Located in Pyongyang, Hwanghae Namdo, North Korea
- dated 357, Koguryo Kingdom
- Horizontal plan
- Tomb was looted so no objects found but there paintings on wall were found
- Portrait of tongsu (Dong Shou), painted mural, west side chamber
- Also painting of wife
- Paintings of domestic life and kitchens
- Also procession
- Paintings have visual hierarchy…. Main subjects are larger than servants
- Procession…gives an idea of the afterlife… journey… also possibilities maybe how king celebrated or also maybe funerary
31
Q
A
- Portrait of Tongsu (Dong Shou)
- Painted mural, west side chamber in Anak Tomb no. 3
- Located in Pyongyang, Hwanghae Namdo, North Korea
- dated 357, Koguryo Kingdom
- an ex-general from the state of Yan in China who served under King Kogukwon
- Portraits of the Deceased
• For family and ancestral worship - Wearing wrap… Holding fan… Sitting in tent and on raised platforms… Sign of status… also very practical thing b/c cold and it’s comfortable
• Tent is decorated with fans and red ribbons… Surrounded by female servants
• Hierarchical scale… expresses the hierarchy in society… The most important figure is present frontal and larger… Servants are smaller and looking at him - Also - Since main figure is frontal… gives feeling that ancesters are talking to you during ancestral worship
32
Q
A
- Scenes of kitchen
- painted mural, east side chamber in Anak Tomb no. 3
- Located in Pyongyang, Hwanghae Namdo, North Korea
- dated 357, Koguryo Kingdom
- East Chamber: Kitchen Scene
- Domestic Scene
- Symbolically – the dead expect to be fed well
33
Q
A
- Warrior, earthenware
- Kofun period, Japan
- 3 rd-6 th centuries CE
- Haniwa Warrior
- Monitombs
- made of clay
- also soldier
- function? Used as a symbolic guardian figure or used as supports… possibly symbolic for tombs
- what is the cross culture comparison
…. Haniwa cannot be pinned to a specific individual - Also - some of the basic ideas may have been introduced to Japan from China – Mounded Tomb
