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Asian Art History Spring 2014 > Final Terms > Flashcards

Final Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Cursive script

A
  1. Is a form of calligraphy
  2. Involves speed and expressiveness
  3. A characteristic of cursive script is the marrying of characters or using the brush to connect the characters
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2
Q

Wang Xizhi

A
  1. Hailed as the greatest calligrapher in Chinese history.
  2. Created the Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Gathering
  3. His major achievement was the “Running Style,” which was a semi-cursive script.
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3
Q

Brush

A
  1. One of the major tools for calligraphy and painting.
  2. It is part of the Four Treasures of the Study.
  3. Can be used for various types of calligraphy and for specific expression.
  4. In angling the brush in specific ways it can create thick or thin strokes or unique shapes according to how the artist wants it.
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4
Q

Handscroll

A
  1. It is one format of several in which Chinese paintings are expressed.
  2. This format provides a more intimate experience.
  3. Specific scenes are painted on to a very long scroll of paper or silk.
  4. When viewing - the viewer views one scene at time.
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5
Q

The Admonitions Scroll

A
  1. A Chinese narrative painting on silk handscroll.
  2. There are 9 scenes, which are based on a poem.
  3. The current one in existence is a 10th century copy of a late 4th century original.
  4. It is the Admonitions of the Instructress to the Court Ladies.
  5. A scroll for women, it is meant for women in teaching them how to behave.
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6
Q

The Scroll of the Emperors

A
  1. A Chinese painting on silk handscroll.
  2. The current one in existence is a 11th century copy of a 7th century original.
  3. A scroll for men, it is a scroll for political leaders.
  4. These scrolls were attributed to Yan Liben.
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7
Q

Li Cheng

A
  1. Was a landscape artist.
  2. Painted the Solitary Temple of Clearing Peaks
  3. He painted Northern Style of Landscape paintings.
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8
Q

Monumental Landscape

A
  1. A style of Chinese painting founded by Li Cheng.
  2. There are two forms of Monumental Landscape paintings - Northern (rigid and rough with darker inks) and Southern (soft and round with more wash)
  3. The paintings include paintings of mountains and water
  4. Has a background, middle ground, and foreground.
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9
Q

Neo-Confucianism

A
  1. Involves the combination of the ancient moral philosophy of Confucianism with Buddhist and Daoist metaphysics.
  2. Impacted the mindset of Monumental Landscape painting.
  3. Had 3 basic principles relating to truth, moral order, and the studying and learning to attain knowledge.
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10
Q

Literati Painting

A
  1. Paintings that come from the Literati as a social class.
  2. Literati painter are those who dedicate there lives in studying art and culture - calligraphy, painting and writing.
  3. Su Shu was one of the leading theorists of literati paintings and was a renowned poet, calligraphy and statesmen.
  4. Literati paintings are not done for money. Instead the goal was to become a statesmen.
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11
Q

Emperor Huizong

A
  1. A Chinese Emperor who reigned from 1102-1125
  2. He reforms at Imperial Painting Academy.
  3. He painted Five-Colored Parakeet on the Branch of a Blossoming Apricot Tree.
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12
Q

Fujiwara

A
  1. From Heian Japan, they were the clan that came to dominate.
  2. They were part of the aristocratic rise to power
  3. Fujiwara no Michinaga was the most powerful of the clan.
  4. Owned Byodoin and the Phoenix Hall, which was later changed to a Buddhist Temple.
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13
Q

Amidism (Jodo)

A
  1. A form of Buddhism
  2. Relates to the belief in Pure Land
  3. This form of Buddhism rose in Heian during the rise of aristocratic power.
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14
Q

Aristocratic mansion

A
  1. Were built in Heian, Japan during the rise of the aristocratic power.
  2. They were private residences.
  3. Elements of the mansions were to express the owners social status.
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15
Q

Yamato-e

A
  1. Is a Japanese-style painting.
  2. An example of this are the Genji Scrolls
  3. This style of painting flourished in Heian Japan during the rise of aristocratic power.
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16
Q

Genji

A
  1. Is the main character from the Tale of Genji.
  2. The Tale of Genji was written by Murasaki Shikibu and is about Genji, who is a son of the emperor, and his career and many love affairs.
  3. Handscrolls depicting scenes from the story were painted with it.
17
Q

Murasaki

A
  1. Is character from the novel The Tale of Genji.
  2. Also known as Lady Muraski, she is the main love affair in the story and who Genji is in love with.
  3. The name Muraski is also the name of the author.
18
Q

Koryo

A
  1. A dynasty in Korea
  2. Celadon ceramic were largely produced there.
  3. The inlayed technique was also common practice there within their ceramics
  4. Founded by Wang Kon
19
Q

Glaze

A
  1. This is an alkaline material added to the surface of East Asian Ceramics before firing.
  2. The types of ceramics include Earthenware, Stoneware, and Porcelain.
  3. It can be used to color, decorate, strengthen, or waterproof.
20
Q

Celadon

A
  1. A type of ceramic.
  2. Because of its chemical composition it creates a gray greenish color.
  3. It is seen in much of Korean ceramic culture, specifically it was largely used during the Koryo dynasty.
  4. Inlayed techniques were also done on this ware.
21
Q

Maebyong

A
  1. In ceramics, it is a type of shape that is created.
  2. This was a common shape seen throughout the Koryo vessels.
  3. An example is the Maebyong vase with inlaid designs and garden rocks, celadon, 12th century
22
Q

Sanggam

A
  1. This is an inlaid celadon technique.
  2. This form of decorating was seen during the Koryo Dynasty.
  3. It involves carving areas and filling it with clay of a different color.
23
Q

Khublai Khan

A
  1. He is from the Mongol Empire
  2. He is the grandson of Genghis Khan
  3. He was born in Northern China
  4. There was a portrait of him made.
24
Q

Mongols

A
  1. They were nomads, who, with the leading of Genghis Khan, had a conquest across Eurasia.
  2. They were really good at horseback and were violent, which were aspects that led them to attain control.
  3. They influenced global trade and commerce.
25
Q

Dadu

A
  1. One of the three major capitols set up by the Mongols.
  2. Founded in 1267
  3. Became the Great Capitol
  4. Had a Ward System like the Tang Dynasty, but had no city walls to allow for more urban growth.
26
Q

Marco Polo

A
  1. Born in 1254, he is an Italian traveler from Venice, Italy.
  2. He extensively traveled throughout Asia with his father and uncle and was in China for 17 years under the rule of the Great Emperor Khan.
  3. Left one of the most famous accounts of extensive traveling.
27
Q

Porcelain

A
  1. A type of ceramic.
  2. It is fired under much hotter temperatures then earthenware and stoneware.
  3. The materials include Kaolin and Cobalt pigments.
  4. A product often used in global trade.
28
Q

Zhao Mengfu

A
  1. Descendent of the Imperial Song family, but served at the Mongol court.
  2. Was an accomplished painter and calligrapher
  3. Formed his own approach to painting, which was an “Art Historical” approach.
29
Q

Kamakura

A
  1. A period in Japan in which the warrior class attain power.
  2. This military government was ruled by the Shoguns.
  3. This period was from 1185 - 1333
30
Q

Daimyo

A
  1. This was part of Kamakura Period in Japan, during the rise of the warrior class.
  2. The military government was ruled by the Shoguns.
  3. The Daimyo was ranked directly below the Shogun and below the Daimyo was the Samurais.
31
Q

Minamoto no Yoritomo

A
  1. He was the founder and first Shogun of Kamakura Period in Japan, also known as the rise of the warrior class.
  2. There is a portrait of him in which he is dressed in aristocratic clothing.
  3. He lived from 1147 - 1199.
32
Q

Otoko-e

A
  1. These are men’s pictures.
  2. The opposite is onna-e, which are women’s pictures.
  3. An example is the Tale of Heiji
33
Q

Kitano Shrine

A
  1. Is a shrine in Japan created to appease the spirit of the scholar Sugawara no Michizane
  2. He had been exiled and after his passing there was plague and drought and death in the palace. Further the city was flooded from weeks of rainstorms and the Great Palace was struck multiple times by lightning. It was attributed to Michizane’s angry spirit.
  3. He became later known as a patron deity of learning.

Asian Art History Spring 2014 (11 decks)

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