Midterm 1 (Ch. 1, 2, 6)

Question 1

Anthropology is the _____

Answer 1

study of humankind in all times and places.

Question 2

Anthropologists come from many different

Answer 2

societies and cultures

Question 3

Ethnography

Answer 3

Description of an individual culture

Question 4

Ethnology

Answer 4

Comparative study of cultures that is accomplished using HRAF (human relations area files) database

Question 5

Holistic Perspective

Answer 5

View of culture and the relationship between its parts

Question 6

Ethnocentrism

Answer 6

Belief that one’s culture is superior to all others

Question 7

Cultural Relativism

Answer 7

Belief that one must suspend judgment on other people’s practices to understand them in their own context/situation

Question 8

Etic Perspective

Answer 8

Using your own culture’s concepts/categories to describe another culture

Question 9

Emic Perspective

Answer 9

Using a culture’s own concepts/categories to describe their culture

Question 10

Anthropology involves the careful and systematic study of human kind using _____ ______ and ______

Answer 10

Facts, Hypotheses and Theories

Question 11

What is the four-field apprach that allows holistic perspective in anthropology?

Answer 11

Biological anthropology, Archaeology, Linguistic anthropology, sociocultural anthropology

Question 12

______ is important in the anthropological approach to understanding the human condition

Answer 12

Fieldwork

Question 13

The Four Characteristics of Culture

Answer 13

Shared, Learned, Based on symbols, Integrated

Question 14

Culture consists of ____ , ____, ______________ that lie behind people’s behaviours

Answer 14

values, beliefs, perceptions of the world

Question 15

How many basic characteristics of culture

Answer 15

four

Question 16

Cultures are _____

Answer 16

dynamic

Question 17

A culture must _____ the basic needs of its members

Answer 17

satisfy

Question 18

Language means ..

Answer 18

transmitting information and sharing experiences

Question 19

Linguistics is ..

Answer 19

the modern scientific study of all aspects of language

Question 20

The 3 Gesture-call Systems

Answer 20

Kinesics, Proxemics, Touch

Question 21

The gesture-call System: Kinesics is ..

Answer 21

system of notating and analyzing postures, facial expressions and body motions that convey messages

Question 22

The gesture-call System: Proxemics is ..

Answer 22

The study of how people use physical space in interpersonal interactions and the role that cultural paradigms play in defining what is proximate and what is over proximate

Question 23

The gesture-call System: Touch …

Answer 23

involves physical contact that transmits messages

Question 24

Language takes a culturally defined set of rules to give meaning by way of ____ and _____.

Answer 24

sounds and gestures

Question 25

______ is a key component of culture

Answer 25

Language

Question 26

Language has its origins in ________ ( _____ _____ ), who developed the ability for
fine control movements of the mouth and throat

Answer 26

archaic homo sapiens (early humans)

Question 27

I. II. III. of communication and culture

Answer 27

I. The sound and shape of language
II. The gesture-call System: non-word-based accompaniment to spoken language
III. Ethnolinguistics: Language in its Cultural Setting

Question 28

What is the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis:

Answer 28

Language predisposes people to see the world in a certain way, guiding behavior –> Language influences perception