Middle East Cluster 3

Question 1

Six Day War

Answer 1

June 5-10, 1967 Israel attacked (and defeat) Egyptian forces in the Sinai, Syria, Jordan

Question 2

Yitzhak Rabin

Answer 2

Israel Prime Minister 1974-1977 and 1992-1995 (Assassinated) Oversaw Israel’s victory in Six Day War; helped peace process in second era of ruling through efforts in Oslo Peace Accords; won Nobel Prize with Yasser Arafat

Question 3

West Bank

Answer 3

UN calls it “occupied Palestinian Territory” combined with Gaza Strip–territories captured by Israel during Six Day War

Question 4

Sinai

Answer 4

Region of contest during Six Day War; located between Egypt and Israel

Question 5

Golan Heights

Answer 5

Israel seized this land from Syria in closing stages of 1967 Six Day War; Syria tried to retake it in 1973 during Middle East War which resulted in Armistice

Question 6

Gaza Strip

Answer 6

Part of the larger Palestinian Israeli conflict

Question 7

Resolution 242

Answer 7

Adopted unanimously in 1967 by Security Council; blueprint for later peace talks; Made Israeli give back some land won in Six Day War

Question 8

Yom Kippur

Answer 8

___ ______ War 1973; fought by coalition of Arab States led by Egypt and Syria against Israel; mostly took place on Arab territory (Sinai, Golan Heights)

Question 9

OPEC

Answer 9

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; formed 1960 at Baghdad conference; organized to resist pressure of Seven Sister (oil companies); initially operated as informal bargaining unit for resource rich third world countries

Question 10

Anwar Sadat

Answer 10

Third President of Egypt; member of Free Officers who overthrew King Farouk in Egyptian Revolution of 1952; close confidant of Nasser

Question 11

King Hussein

Answer 11

1952 became King of Jordan and reign last through 4 decades of Arab Israeli Crisis; recognized Israel in 1994; 1970 ordered forcible expulsion of PLO

Question 12

King Hussein

Answer 12

1952 became King of Jordan and reign last through 4 decades of Arab Israeli Crisis; recognized Israel in 1994; 1970 ordered forcible expulsion of PLO

Question 13

Menachem Begin

Answer 13

Israeli politician, sixth Prime Minister of Israel; was once leader of Zionist military group Irgun; targeted British and Arabs in Deir Yassin

Question 14

Camp David

Answer 14

___ _____ Accords were signed September 1978 by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli PM Menachem Begin; led to peace treaty following year

Question 15

Knesset

Answer 15

Legislative Branch of Israeli govt that passes all the laws, elects president ad prime minister, approves cabinet; first convened 1949

Question 16

Jimmy Carter

Answer 16

Oversaw the signing of Camp David Accords which were the framework of peace between Egyptians and Israelis; President from 1977 to 1981

Question 17

Nobel Peace Prize

Answer 17

For Arab-Israeli peace in 1949; Ralpe Bunche received it for his 1940s meditation of Israel; Bunche served on UNSC of Palestine, received it for achieving 1949 Armistice Agreement

Question 18

Straits of Tiran

Answer 18

After 1956 Egypt agreed to reopen these waters to Israeli shipping, whose closure had had a significant negative impact on Israel’s economy during Suez Crisis