Middle East Cluster 2

Question 1

King Farouk

Answer 1

Nasser and Naguib staged coup that led to Egyptian Revolution of 1952, forced to abdicate as King of Egypt

Question 2

WAFD

Answer 2

Prominent political party dissolved in 1952 after Egyptian revolution, failed to boycott Farouk govt

Question 3

Gamal Nasser

Answer 3

President of Egypt, nationalized Suez Canal in 1956

Question 4

Suez Canal

Answer 4

Major shipping waterway nationalized by Nasser in retaliation to US pulling funding for Aswan Dam

Question 5

Sinai Peninsula

Answer 5

Israeli military occupied during Six Day War

Question 6

Fedayeen

Answer 6

“Those who sacrifice themselves” Volunteer militant group established by Nasser

Question 7

NATO

Answer 7

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Question 8

Aswan Dam

Answer 8

Nasser needed US funding to build this, but relations with Soviets made US pull funding, leading to the Suez Crisis

Question 9

John Foster Dulles

Answer 9

US Secretary of State under Eisenhower, strong stance against communism, brought on Hungarian and Suez Crisis (pulled funds for Aswan)

Question 10

Eisenhower Doctrine

Answer 10

1957 A country could request American economic aid if they were being threatened by another state (specifically Soviet aggression). Motivated Arab hostility towards the West

Question 11

Khrushchev

Answer 11

Led Soviet Union 1958-1964; instigated Cuban Missile Crisis; Approved Berlin Wall

Question 12

Fatah

Answer 12

Formerly the Palestinian Liberation Organization Movement. Leading secular political party, strong involvement in revolutionary struggle, founded by Arafat

Question 13

PLO

Answer 13

Founded 1964 with the goal of liberating Palestine through armed struggle; considered to be terrorist group by US until 1991

Question 14

Arab Nationalism

Answer 14

Ideology that arose in 1950 for Arab unity

Question 15

Arab Nationalism

Answer 15

Ideology that arose in 1950 for Arab unity

Question 16

Non-Aligned Movement

Answer 16

Group of states that are not aligned with/against any power bloc. Founded in 1961 as attempt to thwart Cold War

Question 17

Black September

Answer 17

Palestinian organization founded 1970, most known for attack at 1972 Olympics

Question 18

Munich 1972

Answer 18

Massacre at Olympic games killing 11 athletes by terrorist group Black September; speculated Germany knew of the attack

Question 19

PFLP

Answer 19

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine founded 1967; one of the forming groups of PLO; described as terrorist group by US, etc.