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U.S. History > Mid-Term Exam > Flashcards

Mid-Term Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Marco Polo

A

known for his stories of his travels in Asia; one of history’s greatest travelers

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2
Q

Description of the World (Book)

A

Book about Marco Polo’s adventures (one of his stories he told)

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3
Q

Merchantilism

A

an economic system designed to enhance the wealth and power of a nation

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4
Q

Amerigo Vespucci

A

realized that Columbus had discovered a New World; Man who America was named after

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5
Q

Magellan

A

led the first round the world voyage

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6
Q

Martin Luther

A

basically started the Protestant Reformation

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7
Q

Protestant Reformation

A

the movement that pressed for changes in the Roman Catholic Church

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8
Q

Hernando Cortez

A

first great conquistador

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9
Q

Jamestown

A

the first permanent English settlement in the New World

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10
Q

John Smith

A

enforced discipline necessary for survival of Jamestown (those who didn’t work didn’t eat)

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11
Q

Pilgrims

A

group of Christians who came from England to America on the Mayflower to worship God freely

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12
Q

Puritans

A

wanted to purify the church

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13
Q

Separatists

A

wanted to separate from the church

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14
Q

What did the Puritans and the Separatists have in common/how did they differ?

A

they had similar spiritual goals, but the separatists were Independents who thought that each local congregation should be independent of each other

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15
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

the document of self-government made when the Pilgrims got off the Mayflower

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16
Q

The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

A

the first written constitution in America

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17
Q

William Pen

A

founder of Pennsylvania

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18
Q

The Great Wagon Road

A

travel/trade route on East Coast that connected port cities

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19
Q

Pennsylvania-Dutch

A

group from Germany

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20
Q

Horn book

A

board shaped book (like a paddle); child’s first book

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21
Q

New England Primer

A

served as standard text throughout the colonial period

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22
Q

Charleston, South Carolina

A

city with the first public library in America

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23
Q

Elizabethan Settlement

A

Elizabeth I’s church “compromise”

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24
Q

Low Church Anglicans

A

agreed doctrinally with the Puritans but saw no problem with the church’s ceremonies and structure

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25
Q

High Church Anglicans

A

held that the church’s traditional practices were divinely ordained

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26
Q

How did the High church Anglicans differ from the High church Anglicans?

A

more liberal in their beliefs;

less opposed to Catholicism

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27
Q

Half-way covenant

A

church members who had not owned the covenant but whose lives were outwardly moral could present their children for baptism

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28
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

people were accused of being witches; they were tried and many died

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29
Q

Roger Williams

A

founded Road Island; founded first Baptist Church in America

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30
Q

Quakers

A

Society of Friends; from Pennsylvania

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31
Q

Bay Psalm Book

A

first book published in America

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32
Q

The Great Awakening

A

The first religious revival in America

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33
Q

Jonathan Edwards

A

the greatest theologian of the great Awakening

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34
Q

Marquette and Joliet

A

the two people who led the first important French expedition in the New World

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35
Q

The Treaty of Utrecht

A

ended Queen Anne’s War

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36
Q

The French and Indian War

A

The Seven Years War

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37
Q

Treaty of Paris

A

peace treaty that ended the French and Indian War

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38
Q

Guerrilla Warfare

A

sudden surprise attacks by small, hidden groups

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39
Q

Albany Plan

A

Benjamin Franklin’s plan for centralized colonial rule

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40
Q

Proclamation Line

A

forbade the colonists to settle beyond the Appalachian Mountains

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41
Q

Sugar Act

A

placed a tariff (tax) on certain goods imported into the colonies, such as sugar, molasses, and coffee

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42
Q

Stamp Act

A

levied the first internal tax ever imposed on the colonies

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43
Q

Internal tax

A

a tax on goods produced and consumed entirely within the colonies

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44
Q

Quartering Act

A

officially subjected the colonies to a standing army in peacetime and further required that the colonists help supply provisions for it

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45
Q

Townshend Acts

A

proposed direct taxes on glass, paint, paper, and tea

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46
Q

Boston Massacre

A

the first blood when a Redcoat killed a Patriot

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47
Q

Boston Tea Party

A

the action taken by the colonists when the tea tax was established

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48
Q

Committee of Correspondence

A

provided information on British threats to liberty to other areas of the colony under the guidance of Samuel Adams

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49
Q

Intolerable Acts

A

the colonists’s nickname for the Coercive Acts

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50
Q

Patriots

A

supporters of the constitution

51
Q

Loyalists

A

supporters of the Crown

52
Q

Hessians

A

German mercenaries

53
Q

The day that the Declaration of Independence was signed

A

July 4, 1776

54
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

Idk what the answer is. He like gave up some fort or something. If someone knows it could u put it in. Thx🐨

55
Q

Treaty of Paris (1783)

A

ends war for independence; the confederation’s greatest triumph in foreign affairs

56
Q

First Continental Congress

A

All colonies represented except Georgia; distinguished leaders; declaration of American rights (•colonies must be self-governing; • The right to make a military themselves)

57
Q

City the British burned/captured during War of 1812

A

Washington D.C.

58
Q

T/F: Andrew Jackson was ordered to capture Pensacola, FL.

A

False

59
Q

The group of states that threatened to succeed from the union during the war of 1812

A

New England

60
Q

T/F: Monroe doctrine was a joint statement.

A

False

61
Q

T/F: The Monroe doctrine still affects Americans today.

A

True

62
Q

The Indian who assisted Lewis and Clark

A

Sacajawea

63
Q

U.S. military ship nicknamed “Old Ironsides”

A

U.S.S. Constitution

64
Q

The fort that prevented British from capturing Baltimore

A

Fort McHenry

65
Q

The convention that led to the “death” of the Federalist

A

Hartford Convention

66
Q

The president during the Era of Good Feelings

A

Monroe

67
Q

3rd president

A

Jefferson

68
Q

Most influential Chief Justice

A

John Marshal

69
Q

The area of land that Napoleon Bonaparte sold to the US

A

Louisiana Territory

70
Q

The city that the British captured after the Battle of Bladensburg

A

Washington D.C

71
Q

This post-war battle was the most stunning victory

A

Battle of New Orleans

72
Q

Wrote the Star Spangled Banner

A

Francis Scott Key

73
Q

American General who led the Battle of New Orleans

A

Andrew Jackson

74
Q

The area of land the US bought as a result of the Adams-Onis treaty

A

Florida

75
Q

The American policy that banned European intervention in the Western Hemisphere

A

Monroe Doctrine

76
Q

The first child born in America

A

Virginia Dare

77
Q

Regulars

A

professional full-time soldiers

78
Q

Commander in Chief of Continental Army

A

George Washington

79
Q

T/F: The American Constitution is the oldest constitution

A

False

80
Q

The city where the Constitutional Convention met

A

Philadelphia

81
Q

Father of the Constitution

A

James Madison

82
Q

Bicameral

A

two house legislature

83
Q

Unicameral

A

one house legislature

84
Q

the first chief justice of the supreme court

A

John Jay

85
Q

Confederation

A

a close alliance of sovereign states

86
Q

Northwest Territory

A

all lands north of the Ohio River that passes into the hands of the national government

87
Q

James Madison

A

the Father of the Constitution

88
Q

Virginia Plan

A

favored by larger states; presented by James Madison; bicameral

89
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

favored by smaller states; presented by William Patterson; unicameral

90
Q

Great Compromise

A

aka Connecticut Compromise; proposed bicameral, one house based on population, one equal for all states

91
Q

Three-Fifths Compromise

A

three-fifths of the total slave population of a state would be included for representation purposes in the House, but slave states would also have to pay taxes on slaves at the same rate

92
Q

the three branches of government

A

Legislative
Executive
Judicial

93
Q

Legislative Branch

A

branch that makes the laws

94
Q

Executive Branch

A

branch that enforces the laws

95
Q

Judicial Branch

A

branch that interprets the laws

96
Q

Electoral College

A

each state has a number of electors equal to the states representation in congress

97
Q

Amendment

A

change to the Constitution

98
Q

Federalists

A

supporters of the constitution

99
Q

Anti-Federalists

A

those who opposed to the constitution

100
Q

George Washington

A

first president

101
Q

Bill of Rights

A

the first 10 amendments to the constitution

102
Q

(1)Federalists
vs.
(2)Republicans

A

(1) claimed to be the true keepers of the constitutional flame
(2) viewed themselves as the last line of defense between Federalist “tyranny” and American liberty

103
Q

Daniel Boon

A

the best known frontiersmen

104
Q

John Adams

A

second president

105
Q

XYZ affair

A

the French kept attacking American ships; they tried to make an agreement but the French wanted a bribe

106
Q

Midnight Appointments

A

when Jefferson stayed up ‘till past midnight to appoint judges of his political party before the next president was inaugurated

107
Q

Thomas Jefferson

A

third President

108
Q

Embargo Act

A

Forbade trade with Britain and France

109
Q

Delegated Powers

A

those powers specifically given to the national government by the Constitution

110
Q

Implied Powers

A

“necessary and proper” powers that enabled the government to carry out the delegated powers

111
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

more than doubled the size of the US

112
Q

Lewis and Clark

A

two explorers who led an expedition to explore the Louisiana Territory

113
Q

The Prophet

A

“predicted” solar eclipse

114
Q

James Madison

A

fourth president

115
Q

Impressment

A

the right to stop American ships, forcibly remove British deserters, and put them back into service

116
Q

Non-Intercourse Act

A

restored some international trade (though not with Britain or France), but offered to trade with them (Britain and France) if either would lift its trade restriction

117
Q

War Hawks

A

led by Clay and Calhoun; (ready to go to war)

118
Q

Old Iron Sides

A

nickname for US Constitution (boat)

119
Q

Oliver Hazard Perry

A

defeated the British fleet in the Battle of Lake Erie

120
Q

General Andrew Jackson

A

Hero of War of 1812

121
Q

Treaty of Ghent

A

ended War of 1812

122
Q

James Monroe

A

fifth president

123
Q

Era of Good Feelings

A

the nickname for the two terms of President Montoe

124
Q

Monroe Doctrine

A

established:

  • European nations could not intervene in the Western Hemisphere (except where they already held colonies)
  • The US wouldn’t meddle in European affairs

U.S. History (11 decks)

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