history mid terms reversed Flashcards
known for his stories of his travels in Asia; one of history’s greatest travelers
Marco Polo
Book about Marco Polo’s adventures (one of his stories he told)
Description of the World (Book)
an economic system designed to enhance the wealth and power of a nation
Merchantilism
realized that Columbus had discovered a New World; Man who America was named after
Amerigo Vespucci
led the first round the world voyage
Magellan
basically started the Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther
the movement that pressed for changes in the Roman Catholic Church
Protestant Reformation
first great conquistador
Hernando Cortez
the first permanent English settlement in the New World
Jamestown
enforced discipline necessary for survival of Jamestown (those who didn’t work didn’t eat)
John Smith
group of Christians who came from England to America on the Mayflower to worship God freely
Pilgrims
wanted to purify the church
Puritans
wanted to separate from the church
Separatists
they had similar spiritual goals, but the separatists were Independents who thought that each local congregation should be independent of each other
What did the Puritans and the Separatists have in common/how did they differ?
the document of self-government made when the Pilgrims got off the Mayflower
Mayflower Compact
the first written constitution in America
The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
founder of Pennsylvania
William Pen
travel/trade route on East Coast that connected port cities
The Great Wagon Road
group from Germany
Pennsylvania-Dutch
board shaped book (like a paddle); child’s first book
Horn book
served as standard text throughout the colonial period
New England Primer
city with the first public library in America
Charleston, South Carolina
Elizabeth I’s church “compromise”
Elizabethan Settlement
agreed doctrinally with the Puritans but saw no problem with the church’s ceremonies and structure
Low Church Anglicans
held that the church’s traditional practices were divinely ordained
High Church Anglicans
more liberal in their beliefs;less opposed to Catholicism
How did the High church Anglicans differ from the High church Anglicans?
church members who had not owned the covenant but whose lives were outwardly moral could present their children for baptism
Half-way covenant
people were accused of being witches; they were tried and many died
Salem Witch Trials
founded Road Island; founded first Baptist Church in America
Roger Williams
Society of Friends; from Pennsylvania
Quakers
first book published in America
Bay Psalm Book
The first religious revival in America
The Great Awakening
the greatest theologian of the great Awakening
Jonathan Edwards
the two people who led the first important French expedition in the New World
Marquette and Joliet
ended Queen Anne’s War
The Treaty of Utrecht
The Seven Years War
The French and Indian War
peace treaty that ended the French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris
sudden surprise attacks by small, hidden groups
Guerrilla Warfare
Benjamin Franklin’s plan for centralized colonial rule
Albany Plan
forbade the colonists to settle beyond the Appalachian Mountains
Proclamation Line
placed a tariff (tax) on certain goods imported into the colonies, such as sugar, molasses, and coffee
Sugar Act
levied the first internal tax ever imposed on the colonies
Stamp Act
a tax on goods produced and consumed entirely within the colonies
Internal tax
officially subjected the colonies to a standing army in peacetime and further required that the colonists help supply provisions for it
Quartering Act
proposed direct taxes on glass, paint, paper, and tea
Townshend Acts
the first blood when a Redcoat killed a Patriot
Boston Massacre
the action taken by the colonists when the tea tax was established
Boston Tea Party
provided information on British threats to liberty to other areas of the colony under the guidance of Samuel Adams
Committee of Correspondence
the colonists’s nickname for the Coercive Acts
Intolerable Acts
supporters of the constitution
Patriots
supporters of the Crown
Loyalists
German mercenaries
Hessians
July 4, 1776
The day that the Declaration of Independence was signed
Idk what the answer is. He like gave up some fort or something. If someone knows it could u put it in. Thx🐨
Benedict Arnold
ends war for independence; the confederation’s greatest triumph in foreign affairs
Treaty of Paris (1783)
All colonies represented except Georgia; distinguished leaders; declaration of American rights (•colonies must be self-governing; • The right to make a military themselves)
First Continental Congress
Washington D.C.
City the British burned/captured during War of 1812
False
T/F: Andrew Jackson was ordered to capture Pensacola, FL.
New England
The group of states that threatened to succeed from the union during the war of 1812
False
T/F: Monroe doctrine was a joint statement.
True
T/F: The Monroe doctrine still affects Americans today.
Sacajawea
The Indian who assisted Lewis and Clark
U.S.S. Constitution
U.S. military ship nicknamed “Old Ironsides”
Fort McHenry
The fort that prevented British from capturing Baltimore
Hartford Convention
The convention that led to the “death” of the Federalist
Monroe
The president during the Era of Good Feelings
Jefferson
3rd president
John Marshal
Most influential Chief Justice
Louisiana Territory
The area of land that Napoleon Bonaparte sold to the US
Washington D.C
The city that the British captured after the Battle of Bladensburg
Battle of New Orleans
This post-war battle was the most stunning victory
Francis Scott Key
Wrote the Star Spangled Banner
Andrew Jackson
American General who led the Battle of New Orleans
Florida
The area of land the US bought as a result of the Adams-Onis treaty
Monroe Doctrine
The American policy that banned European intervention in the Western Hemisphere
Virginia Dare
The first child born in America
The Proclamation Line
The line issued by the British that forbade the colonists to enter western lands
the Boston Massacre
When British soldiers fired on a group of colonists
professional full-time soldiers
Regulars
George Washington
Commander in Chief of Continental Army
False
T/F: The American Constitution is the oldest constitution
Philadelphia
The city where the Constitutional Convention met
James Madison
Father of the Constitution
two house legislature
Bicameral
one house legislature
Unicameral
John Jay
the first chief justice of the supreme court
a close alliance of sovereign states
Confederation
all lands north of the Ohio River that passes into the hands of the national government
Northwest Territory
the Father of the Constitution
James Madison
favored by larger states; presented by James Madison; bicameral
Virginia Plan
favored by smaller states; presented by William Patterson; unicameral
New Jersey Plan
aka Connecticut Compromise; proposed bicameral, one house based on population, one equal for all states
Great Compromise
three-fifths of the total slave population of a state would be included for representation purposes in the House, but slave states would also have to pay taxes on slaves at the same rate
Three-Fifths Compromise
LegislativeExecutiveJudicial
the three branches of government
branch that makes the laws
Legislative Branch
branch that enforces the laws
Executive Branch
branch that interprets the laws
Judicial Branch
each state has a number of electors equal to the states representation in congress
Electoral College
change to the Constitution
Amendment
supporters of the constitution
Federalists
those who opposed to the constitution
Anti-Federalists
first president
George Washington
the first 10 amendments to the constitution
Bill of Rights
(1) claimed to be the true keepers of the constitutional flame(2) viewed themselves as the last line of defense between Federalist “tyranny” and American liberty
(1)Federalistsvs.(2)Republicans
the best known frontiersmen
Daniel Boon
second president
John Adams
the French kept attacking American ships; they tried to make an agreement but the French wanted a bribe
XYZ affair
when Jefferson stayed up ‘till past midnight to appoint judges of his political party before the next president was inaugurated
Midnight Appointments
third President
Thomas Jefferson
Forbade trade with Britain and France
Embargo Act
first great chief justice
John Marshal
those powers specifically given to the national government by the Constitution
Delegated Powers
“necessary and proper” powers that enabled the government to carry out the delegated powers
Implied Powers
more than doubled the size of the US
Louisiana Purchase
two explorers who led an expedition to explore the Louisiana Territory
Lewis and Clark
“predicted” solar eclipse
The Prophet
fourth president
James Madison
the right to stop American ships, forcibly remove British deserters, and put them back into service
Impressment
restored some international trade (though not with Britain or France), but offered to trade with them (Britain and France) if either would lift its trade restriction
Non-Intercourse Act
led by Clay and Calhoun; (ready to go to war)
War Hawks
nickname for US Constitution (boat)
Old Iron Sides
defeated the British fleet in the Battle of Lake Erie
Oliver Hazard Perry
Hero of War of 1812
General Andrew Jackson
ended War of 1812
Treaty of Ghent
wrote the Star-Spangled Banner
Francis Scott Key
fifth president
James Monroe
the nickname for the two terms of President Montoe
Era of Good Feelings
established:-European nations could not intervene in the Western Hemisphere (except where they already held colonies)-The US wouldn’t meddle in European affairs
Monroe Doctrine
