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Survey of Theology > Mid-term Exam > Flashcards

Mid-term Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Although we can know God truly, we cannot know him _____.

A

exhaustively

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2
Q

Although we generally divide the Old Testament into 5 sections today, the Jews originally divided it into _____ sections.

A

3 (These divisions are known as the Torah [Law], the Neviim [Prophets], and the Ketuvim [Writings])

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3
Q

Biblical theology often emphasizes the study of a particular writer (true or false).

A

TRUE (For example, Biblical Theology might focus on the theology of John, Paul, or Matthew)

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4
Q

C. S. Lewis’ classic work based on the role of angels/demons is entitled Mere Christianity (true or false).

A

FALSE (The actual work is The Screwtape Letters)

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5
Q

Colossians 1:16 is a key passage to suggest that angels were created in time to witness the creation of the earth (true or false).

A

FALSE (see Job 38:4-7)

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6
Q

Hebrews 1:1-4 makes it clear that angels should be regarded as much lower than Christ (true or false).

A

TRUE (the passage that suggests this chronology is Job 38:4-7)

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7
Q

If a believer wishes to be filled with the Holy Spirit he or she is commanded not to do several things. What are they?

A

grieve or quench

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8
Q

In contrast to humans, angels do not experience emotion (true or false).

A

FALSE (Angels experience joy)

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9
Q

Revelation

A

relates to the content and meaning of the Bible

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10
Q

Inspirition

A

relates to the method of recording the Bible

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11
Q

Canonicity

A

relates to which books belong in the Bible

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12
Q

Illumination

A

relates to the Holy Spirit’s role in the reader’s understanding of the Bible

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13
Q

Yahweh

A

Originally written without vowels “to be” as in “I am who I am”

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14
Q

El Shaddai

A

“God Almighty” probably from the word for mountain

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15
Q

Adonai

A

Lord, my Lord, or Master

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16
Q

Elohim

A

a Hebrew plural termed “a plural of majesty”

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17
Q

Atheistic evolution

A

Started by Charles Darwin to explain the origin of matter apart from God

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18
Q

Progressive creationism

A

Also called the day-age theory

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19
Q

Gap theory

A

holds to 24-hour days of creation but accommodates science with a long period of time after Genesis 1:1

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20
Q

Theistic evolution

A

The teaching that plants, animals, and people evolved gradually under the supervision of God

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21
Q

Literal 24-hour days

A

Also called fiat creation

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22
Q

Hamartia

A

The New Testament word for sin

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23
Q

Elohim

A

The Old Testament plural word for God

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24
Q

Tripartite

A

Refers to body, soul, and spirit

25
Q

Pelagius

A

Believed God created every soul directly, innocent, and unstained

26
Q

Augustine

A

Believed all humanity was a participant in Adam’s sin

27
Q

Name one of the positive affirmations made in the lecture regarding the trinity.

A
  1. Monotheism
  2. Three divine persons
  3. Coequal existence
28
Q

Name one of the ways given by which the Bible demonstrates its claims.

A
  1. manuscript evidence
  2. internal textual testimony
  3. unity and consistency
  4. fulfilled prophecy
  5. witness of Jesus
29
Q

Only 10 of the 66 books of the Bible reference Angels (true or false).

A

FALSE (Actually 34 books of the Bible reference angels: 17 in the OT and 17 in the NT)

30
Q

Who said, “What comes into our minds when we think about God is the most important thing about us.”

A

A. W. Tozer

31
Q

Who wrote “The Ninety-Five These”

A

Martin Luther

32
Q

Who said, “Th’ infernal Serpent; he it was, whose guile Stird up with Envy and Revenge, deceiv’d The Mother of Mankind,”

A

John Milton in “Paradise Lost”

33
Q

Who said, “Theology has lost its way and, indeed its very soul, if it cannot say with John, ‘I fell at his feed as dead’”

A

Donald MacLeod

34
Q

Who said, “Most disastrous consequences must follow upon our believing that anything false is found in the sacred book…if you once admit into such a high sanctuary of authority on false statement, there will not be left a single sentence of these books, which, if appearing to anyone difficult in practice or hard to believe, may not by the same fatal rule be explained away as a statement, in which intentionally, the author declared what was not true.”

A

Augustine in “Letter to Jerome”

35
Q

Our theology should come from the _____.

A

Bible

36
Q

Systematic theology organizes only facts about God that can be found in the Bible (true or false).

A

FALSE (it may seem surprising at first, but systematic theology does attempt to organize all the facts about God from all sources)

37
Q

The Greek word pneuma means _____.

A

spirit or ghost

38
Q

The Hebrew malak means messenger (true or false).

A

TRUE

39
Q

The Holy Spirit gives different spiritual gifts to individual believers to enable each one for person spiritual service. Be able to name and briefly describe a few.

A
  • Apostle
  • Prophet
  • Miracles
  • Healing
  • Tongues
  • Interpretation of tongues
  • Evangelism
  • Pastor-teacher
  • Teacher
  • Service
  • Helps
  • Faith
  • Exhortation
  • Discerning spirits
  • Showing mercy
  • Giving
  • Administration
  • Wisdom
  • Knowledge
40
Q

The fact that God depends on nothing for His existence is known as

A

aseity

41
Q

The number of angels has remained the same since their creation (true or false).

A

TRUE

42
Q

Theology means the _____ __ _____

A

study of God or word/discourse about God

43
Q

This class makes the point that _____ is the common thread that unites all of theology

A

Jesus

44
Q

Although most theologians would claim that their theology is rooted in the Bible, differences of opinion still exist. Discuss several of the key ideas and people important to the history of theology and demonstrate how variations occur over time.

A

The early church leaders nailed down their beliefs, but by the 2nd Century, traditions were already affecting both the theology and practice of believers.

Justin Martyr - wrote defenses to pagan leaders and philosophers.

Aeries - Taught that Christ was a created being and therefore not equal with God.

Nicene Creed - main focus was on who Christ is.

150 later the Roman Empire fell, and the church led by the Bishop of Rome took a political lead.

Leo the Great (5th century) - considered the first Pope.

The Roman Catholics developed doctrine independently to Scripture. They believed that the Bible was the word of God, but that authoritative teaching could come from key leaders as well.

1343 - the Pope stated that he could partially or fully remove sins (indulgences - sold to people who would then confess to a priest to have their sins “forgiven.”)

The Catholic church taught that there was period before Heaven called Purgatory, and the indulgences would reduce time spent there.

Martin Luther opposed indulgences. in 1517 he posted “95 Thesises” or statements in Germany. He said that the pope could not remove sins and that the selling of indulgences had become corrupt. Luther was asked to recant his statements and would not, so he was excommunicated by the Pope. Luther’s followers became known as Lutherans and his teaching spread throughout Europe and into America.

A French pastor (John Calvin) began seeking reform in the church. Taught the authority of scripture, sovereignty of God, and the effects of original sin. His teaching was sent to Scotland, England, and had affects in America. (Presbyterian and Congregationalists churches can trace their heritage back to Calvin).

Radical Reformers taught that if the Bible didn’t state it then we should not do it. Taught believers baptism, marriage against church and state. Focused on practices in the church (Baptists and Mennonites).

John Wesley was a 18th century Anglican minister who didn’t seem to have a relationship with Christ. He believed that his works could save him. He was sent by the church of England to Savannah, GA, and on the way met a group of Moravians (turned off by over complication of Christianity - emphasized personal Bible study and evangelism). One of the Moravians asked if Wesley KNEW he was going to Heaven. Wesley said yes, but wasn’t 100% sure. He began preaching about having a personal faith, and began the Methodist movement (as well as Wesleyan and Charismatic churches find roots in Methodist).

The rise of the Charismatic churches in LA in 1906 with the Azusa St. Revival.

Various denominations have different histories and is based on hermeneutics. Out of hermeneutics we get theology and our practice (baptisms).

45
Q

Discuss ways in which Christ is significant to each of the areas of theology covered in sessions 1-6.

A

Jesus Christ is the central theological motif of the Bible. He is the primary person. The Scripture was give to us to reveal Him. Jesus is its theme. He is the center about which all the Scripture revolves. Salvation and Restoration of fallen man through Christ alone.

46
Q

How does the Bible demonstrate its own claims?

A

Manuscript Evidence - NT is older and more numerous than any other ancient document. The NT has almost 5,700 Greek manuscripts in existence and it is the best textually supported book from antiquity (Homer’s Illiad has 643 manuscripts)

Unity - The Bible is the handiwork of one single author (like a conductor of a symphony).

Fulfilled Prophecy - No other book upon which a religion has been founded that includes prophecy within it. 27% of the Bible is prophecy, and it has examples of fulfilled prophecy and future prophecy.

The Witness of Jesus - No higher authority can be appealed to! Jesus quoted from the OT and accepted the validity without question

47
Q

Compare and contrast General Revelation with Special Revelation

A

Natural Revelation - God’s creation. God exists and is all powerful

Special Revelation - Jesus Christ and the Bible are viewed as the most prominent. (Psalm 19 & Romans 1). The Bible, God’s written revelation to humankind, discloses who God is, what He is like, what He has done in history, how to have a relationship with Him, and all we need to know in order to life a pleasing in His sight.

48
Q

Define inspiration and describe its key components

A

2 Timothy 3:16 - Inspired (theopneustos) - breathed out by God

This is the only time the word theopnuestos, appears in the NT. The writer’s of the Scriptures (Genesis to Revelation…no additional writings) were superintended by the Holy Spirit in such a way as to guarantee every word they wrote down was exactly what God intended and without error in all of its parts.

One’s view of inspiration directly relates to one’s view of inerrancy.

(Augustine’s letter to Jerome)

49
Q

Using at least three of the attributes presented in the class lecture, workbook, or text, answer the question, “What is God like?”

A

God is TRANSCENDENT (He belongs to a realm of existence which we cannot penetrate).

God is not composed of attributes, but his ESSENCE is his attributes.

Aseity (When applied to God, this means that God depends on nothing for His existence).

Invisibility/Spirituality

Infinite (God never began existing and will never stop existing)

Immortal (God is not subject to any kind of decay)

Immutable (unchanging in His being, essence and purposes)

Omnipresence/Immensity - present in the totality of His being

Omniscience (God knows all things actual, potential, equally well, perfectly, at the same time).

Wrath (perfect judge)

Omnipotence (God cannot actualize a logical contradiction and He cannot act contrary to His nature)

50
Q

Describe open theism and evaluate its dangers

A

FROM SESSION 3

this was an optional essay question from the mid-term

51
Q

Explain at least 3 key arguments for the existence of God

A

Cosmological Argument - based on the fact that a world exists, and something cannot come from nothing, there must be an original cause that is the reason for the world’s existence. Every effect must have a cause.

Teleological Argument - The universe has order and is useful, therefore, the universe has an intelligent designer (earth is the perfect distance from the sun, moon distance provides tides, earth’s tilt produces seasons).

Anthropological Argument - Man is seen as created in the image of God (in a spiritual not physical way). Man is not simply a physical being, but also a moral being with a conscience, intellect, emotion, and will.

Moral Argument - Acknowledges that man has an awareness of right and wrong, a sense of morality. Where did it come from? If man is only a biological creature, why does he have a sense of moral obligation?

Ontological Argument - this argument is more philosophical rather than inductive. The argument reasons if man could conceive a perfect God who does not exist, then he could conceive of someone greater than God, which is impossible. Therefore God exists. The argument rests on the fact hat all men have an awareness of God.

52
Q

List the three affirmations of the trinity given in session 2 and briefly explain them, including the result of denying each one.

A

Monotheism - 1 God

Deny Monotheism = polytheism (tao, mormon, hindu)

Three Divine Persons - one being in essence, but there are 3 distinct persons (1 WHAT, 3 WHOS)

Deny 3 Persons = Modalism

Coequal Existence - Each person is fully God and coequal with the others

Deny coequal existence = subordinationism.

53
Q

What does the Holy Spirit do for believers?

A

Done once and for all: Regeneration, Baptism, Spiritual Gifts, Sealing

Repeatedly done: Filling, Teaching, Progressive Sanctification, Leads, Fruit

54
Q

Discuss the Holy Spirit’s role in the Old Testament

A

Restrained sin (days of Noah)

Gave wisdom (Joseph, Bezaleel, Joshua, other judges, Saul, David, Amasai, Elijah, Elisha)

Omniscient

55
Q

Discuss the Holy Spirit’s role in the life of Christ

A

Special relationship with Christ

The Divine agent in the conception of Jesus

Came upon Jesus at baptism

Led Jesus into the wilderness

Anointed

Cast out demons

Miracles

56
Q

Describe the nature of angels

A

They are real, spirit, and personal beings. They are:

  • self-aware (know who they are and why they are here)
  • intelligent (demons know identity of Jesus)
  • emotional (anger or joy)
  • volitional (have a will)
57
Q

Provide a doctrine of Satan including his existence, origin, names and judgement

A

Satan enjoyed an exalted position of highest honor before God. He fell because of his pride (“I will”).

Names: satan, devil, lucifer,

Judgement: fell from his original position, defeat was pronounced in Eden, rendered powerless through the cross, will be cast out of heaven during the trib., bound in the pit for 1,000 years, and finally cast into the lake of fire.

58
Q

Compare and contrast human forgiveness with divine forgiveness

A

Divine forgiveness - the divine aspect of forgiveness of sin reflects a past, present, and future experience for every believer in Jesus (taking away of sinful habits).

Human forgiveness - a recognition of this kind of divine forgiveness leads biblically to seeing its connection to human forgiveness. You cannot remove their guilt, but you are responsible to remove what you are holding against them in your mind, your heart and your life. (Mark 11:25)

59
Q

Describe several views of the origin of man and explain why a biblical view of creation is so important

A

Atheistic evolution - Started by Charles Darwin to explain the origin of matter apart from God

Theistic evolution - the teaching that plants, animals, and people evolved gradually under the supervision of God

Progressive creationism - also called the day-age theory

Gap Theory - holds to 24-hour days of creation by accommodates science with a long period of time after Genesis 1:1

Literal 24-hour days - Also called fiat creation

If we cannot trust a biblical creation, then how can we trust God and His Word? It puts other passages into jeopardy.

Survey of Theology (13 decks)

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