Microstructure Flashcards
what characteristics do we group neurons by
shape
electrical activity
gene expression profile
neurotransmitter
connectivity
how many neurons
86 million
6 layers of neurons
- molecular layer
- external granular layer
- external pyramidal layer
- internal granular layer
- internal pyramidal layer
- multiform layer (layer of polymorphic cells)
role of pyramidal cells
transform synaptic inputs into a patterned output of action potentials
Involved with movement
Big amount of
Electrical information
axon hillock
regulates what proteins go in and out axons
telodendia
the terminal branches of an axon;
axons
portion of a nerve cell (neuron) that carries nerve impulses away from the cell bod
cell body
the compact section of a nerve cell that contains the nucleus and the cytoplasm
dendrite
Dendrites receive the data or signals from another neuron
how can we visualise neurons
dye into neon - fills cells = see shape
Oligodendrocytes
provide myelin sheath around neurons
structural network
microglia
immune cells in brain
remove cell debris, wastes and pathogens by phagocytosis
astrocytes
regulate neuronal functions
maintain BBB
structural support
regulate ion nitrate and gases
recoil neurotransmitters
form scar tissue after injury
ependymal cells
secrete CSF
line ventricles in brain
and spinal cord
Role of Glia cells
- glue of NS
- trophic support
- regulate electrical activity
- protect neurons from external factors
- regulate neurotransmitter recycling
- release gliotransmitters (ATP and D serine)
- Ensheath synapses
