MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF THE NEPHRON

Question 1

What are nephrons?

Answer 1

They are the microscopic functional units, make up the bulk of the kidney; each nephron is made up of various structures

Question 2

What is is composed of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule?

Answer 2

Renal corpuscle

Question 3

What is is the cup-shaped mouth of a nephron?

Answer 3

Bowman’s capsule

Question 4

Bowman’s capsule is formed by what 2 walls with a space in between them?

Answer 4

parietal and visceral walls

Question 5

I what wall/layer are pedicels found?Are they packed close together or placed far apart?

Answer 5

visceral layer

packed closely together

Question 6

What do the pedicels do?

Answer 6

They form filtration slits; slit diaphragm prevents filtration slits from enlarging under pressure.

Question 7

What is the glomerulus and where is it located?

Answer 7

It is a network of fine capillaries in Bowman’s capsule; together called renal corpuscle; located in cortex of kidney

Question 8

What membrane lies between glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule?

Answer 8

Basement membrane

Question 9

What is formed by glomerular endothelium, basement membrane, and visceral layer of Bowman’s capsule; function is filtration

Answer 9

Glomerular-capsular membrane

Question 10

What three things forms the Glomerular-capsular membrane?

Answer 10

glomerular endothelium
basement membrane
visceral layer of Bowman’s capsule

Question 11

What is the function of the Glomerular-capsular membrane?

Answer 11

filtration

Question 12

What is is the first part of renal tubule nearest to Bowman’s capsule; follows a winding, convoluted course?(It has 2 different names)

Answer 12

Proximal tubule

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 13

Consists of a thin descending limb, a sharp turn, and a thick ascending limb. What is it?

Answer 13

Loop of Henle

Question 14

What is the renal tubule segment just beyond proximal tubule?

Answer 14

Loop of Henle

Question 15

Which nephron is a nephron with a loop of Henle that dips DEEP into the medulla?

A) Juxtamedullary nephron
B) Cortical nephron

Answer 15

A) Juxtamedullary nephron

Question 16

Which nephron is a nephron with a loop of Henle that BARLEY dips into the medulla?

A) Juxtamedullary nephron
B) Cortical nephron

Answer 16

B) Cortical nephron

Question 17

What is the name of a convoluted tubule beyond the loop of Henle? It connects to the collecting duct. (it has 2 different names)

Answer 17

Distal tubule

distal convoluted tubule

Question 18

What is the straight tubule joined by the distal tubules of several nephrons?

Answer 18

Collecting duct

Question 19

Joins larger ducts; larger collecting ducts of one renal pyramid converge to form one tube that opens at a renal papilla into a calyx

Answer 19

Collecting Duct