microscopic osteology and myology Flashcards
Functions of skeletal sys (6)
support
mineral storage
hemopoiesis
protection
body movement -levers
fat and stem cells
What are the specialised cells of mature bone (4)
osteocytes -maintain bone
osteoblasts -bone making
osteoprogenitor -stem
osteoclasts -bone breakdown
where are osteoblasts on bone usually
outer and inner surface
where are osteoclasts on bone usually
outer and inner surface
where are epiphysis and what do they contain
end of bones and contains red bone marrow
diaphysis where and what contain
shaft of bone and contains yellow bone marrow
metaphyses
connects epiphysis and diaphysis
what are the two protective layers on bone
periosteum and endosteum
describe the periosteum structure and location
comprised of an outer fibrous layer and inner osteogenic layer. located on outer surface of bone
describe the endosteum
located on the inner surface of bone, it is an incomplete layer of osteoblasts, osteoprogenitors and osteoclasts
what are the roles of periosteum (5)
isolate bone
protect bone from surrounding
attachment for nerve and blood vessels
participate in bone growth and repair
attaches bone to connective tissue
what is another term for osteogensesis
ossification
before 6 weeks of development, bone is _______
cartilage
what is intra membranous ossification?
bone forms from inside mesenchyme(stem) or fibrous connective tissues.
ex. roof of skull
what is endochondral ossification.
bone from hyaline cartilage. usually involves a bone growing in length
