Microcyctic Anemia Flashcards
What is the most common type of anemia
-iron deficiency anemia
What are the causes of iron deficiency anemia
-<supply (malnutrition and malabsorption as celiac disease)
->demand (pregnancy and growth)
-loss (chronic GI blood loss as peptic ulcer, meckel’s, ancylostoma duodenale, colon cancer, polyps)
What is the main symptoms of IDA
-fatigue
-exercise intolerance
-pallor
-koilonychia (HY)
-restless leg syndrome (HY)
-PICA (HY)
What is the triad of plummer vinson syndrome
-IDA
-esophageal web (dysphagia)
-glossitis (red buffy tongue)
What is the result of iron study of IDA
-serum iron
-ferritin
-TIBC
-TIBC saturation percentage
-decrease
-decrease
-increase
-decrease
In IDA, there is an increase of a specific lab test called
-free erythrocyte protoprophrine
What is the result of iron study of anemia of chronic disease
-serum iron
-ferritin
-TIBC
-TIBC saturation percentage
-decrease
-increase
-decrease
-decrease
What is the type of genetic autosomal in thalassemia
-autosomal recessive
What is the chromosome affected in alpha thalassemia
- chromosome 16
-alpha thalassemia occurs as the result of deletion of alpha gene in chromosome 16
-thus it leads to less alpha production
What is the characteristic of alpha thalassemia 1
-alpha thalassemia minima
-asymptomatic (silent carrier)
What is the characteristic of alpha thalassemia 2
-alpha thalassemia minor
-mild
What is the characteristic of alpha thalassemia 3
-HbH (B4)
-moderate to severe
What is the characteristic of alpha thalassemia 4
-hemoglobin barts
-hydrops fetalis
What is the affected chromosome in beta thalassemia
-chromosome 11
What is the type of heterozygous beta thalassemia
-minor
What is the type of homozygous beta thalassemia
-intermedia
-major (cooley’s)
What increases in beta thalassemia if Hb electrophoresis is done
-HbA2 and HbF
What is the major characteristic found in beta thalassemia major
-hair on end (crew hair cut)
-hepatomegaly
-2ry hematochromatosis
What happens to the blood count in thalassemia
-increase
What is the causes of sideroblastic anemia
-X-linked genetic
-alcoholism
-B6 def.
-lead poisoning
What is the peripheral blood smear finding in sideroblastic anemia
-basophilic stippling
