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Home Economics: 09.0 - Microbiology > Microbiology - Introduction > Flashcards

Microbiology - Introduction Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is microbiology?

A

The study of microorganisms which are tiny living organisms that are invisible to the naked eye.

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2
Q

Classify microorganisms.

A

Fungi
Bacteria
Viruses

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3
Q

Name three types of fungi.

A

Moulds
Large fungi
Yeast

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4
Q

Name five types of bacteria.

A 
E.coli 
Salmonella
Clostridium botulinum 
Listeria 
Staphylococcus aureus
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5
Q

Name three types of viruses

A

Rubella
Mumps
HIV

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6
Q

What is a saprophytic microorganism?

A

An organism which feeds on non-living matter

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7
Q

What is a parasitic microorganism?

A

An organism which feeds on living matter

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8
Q

What are aerobic microorganisms?

A

Organisms which require oxygen for growth

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9
Q

What are anaerobic microorganisms?

A

Organisms which do not require oxygen for growth

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10
Q

What are faculative microorganisms?

A

Organisms that can grow with or without oxygen

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11
Q

What are psychrophilic microorganisms?

A

Organisms which grow best at low temperatures of -5 degrees to 20 degrees Celsius

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12
Q

What are mesophilic microorganisms?

A

Organisms which grow best at medium-warm temperatures of 20-45 degrees Celsius

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13
Q

What are hyperthermophilic microorganisms?

A

Organisms which grow best at hot temperatures of 80-110 degrees Celsius

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14
Q

How is the availability of moisture measured?

A

On the water activity (aw) scale which extends from 0 to 1.0

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15
Q

At what aw do microorganisms grow best?

A

In foods with an aw level of 0.8 and higher

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16
Q

What is an acidic environment?

A

An environment of pH 1-6

17
Q

What is a neutral environment?

A

An environment of pH 7

18
Q

What is a basic/alkaline environment?

A

An environment of pH 8-14

19
Q

How often do microorganisms double?

A

Every twenty minutes

20
Q

What are thermophilic microorganism?

A

Organism that grow best at 45-80 degrees Celsius

21
Q

Classify microorganism based on the food they feed off

A

Saprophytic

Parasitic

22
Q

Classify microorganism based on their need for oxygen.

A

Aerobic
Anaerobic
Facultative

23
Q

Classify microorganisms based on their temperature preference

A

Psychrophilic
Mesophilic
Thermophilic
Hyperthermophilic

Home Economics: 09.0 - Microbiology (23 decks)

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