Microbiology: Hepatitis viruses Flashcards
Which hepatitis viruses are enterically transmitted?
HAV
HEV
Which hepatitis viruses are parenterally transmitted?
HBV
HCV
HDV
HGV
What are the general symptoms of ET hepatitis?
Abrupt icterus with sharp fever (acute)
What are the general symptoms of PT hepatitis?
insidious onset with less fever (chronic)
Which hepatitis viruses are enveloped?
Enteric (HAV, HEV) = Non-enveloped
Parenteric (HBV, HCV, etc.) = Enveloped
What Hepatitis viruses have ss-RNA+ genomes?
HAV
HCV
HEV
HGV
What are the microbiological characteristics of HAV?
ss-RNA+ genome with a non-enveloped icosahedral capsid
Family: Picornaviridae
Genus: Enterovirus
What disease is caused by acute HAV?
Acute enterically transmitted hepatitis
What is important epidemiologically about HAV?
Accounts for 33% of acute hepatits cases each year in the US. Although it is now in rapid decline thanks to the vaccine.
What are the 4 D’s of HAV outbreaks?
Daycare
Dudes
Diners
Drug-users
How is HAV spread?
fecal-oral route
What is the pathogenesis of HAV?
Replicates in GI tract (15-30d) –> Transient viremia –> Spreads to liver, kidney, spleen –> End of shedding = jaundice, start of symptoms (aka non-infectious incubation)
What is the clinical presentation of HAV?
Jaundice
Increased liver enzymes
Abrupt (12 weeks) icterus with sharp fever
How is HAV diagnosed?
Virus may be isolated from patients feces
ELISA for anti-HAV IgM
How can HAV be treated/controlled?
Handwashing
Harvrix (killed vaccine) (especially daycare kids)
IgG against HAV
