Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PLE > Microbiology: Bacteriology > Flashcards

Microbiology: Bacteriology Flashcards

1
Q

Which staphylococci are novobiocin sensitive?

A

NO StRES

Novobiocin
Saprophyticus - Resistant
Epidermidis - Sensitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which streptococci are bacitracin sensitive?

A

B-BRAS

Bacitracin
Group B - Resistant
Group A - Sensitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Jones Criteria for Acute Rheumatic Fever (Major)

A

Si Jones may PECCS

Polyarthritis
Erythema marginatum
Chorea (Syndenham)
Carditis (pancarditis)
Subcutaneous nodules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Optochin sensitive Streptococci

A

OVeRPaSs

Optochin
Viridans -Resistant
Pneumoniae - Sensitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the Quellung reaction?

A

Swelling of the S. pneumo capsule

Quellung = Swellung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Enumerate the Encapsulated Bacteria

A

Some Killers Have Pretty Nice and Shiny Bodies

S. pneumoniae
K. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
P. aeruginosa
N. meningitidis
S. typhi
B Group Streptococci
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which streptococci are bile and optochin resistant?

A

Viridans (S. mutans and S. sanguis) streptococci live in the mouth because they are NOT AFRAID OF THE CHIN (op-to-chin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Triad of Botulism

A
  1. Symmetric descending flaccid paralysis (with prominent bulbar involvement)
  2. Absence of fever
  3. Intact sensorium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The typical progression of symptoms (in order of appearance) in a botulinum neurotoxin poisoning patient

A

Dozen D’s

Dry mouth
Diplopia
Dilated pupils
Droopy eyes
Droopy face
Diminished gag reflex
Dysphagia
Dysarthria
Dysphonia
Difficulty lifting the head
Descending paralysis
Diaphragmatic paralysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Clostridium species and their diseases

A

C. TETani = Tetanic paralysis
C. BOTulinum = Botulism from bad BOTtles of food
C. PERFringens = PERForates a gangrenous leg (gas gangrene)
C. DIfficile = DIarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ABCDEFG of Diphtheria

A 
ADP-ribosylation
Beta-prophage
Corynebacterium
Diphtheriae
Elongation factor-2
Granules (metachromatic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ABCDE of Beta-Prophage encoded toxins of C. diphtheriae

A 
ShigA-like toxins (EHEC)
Botulinum toxin
Cholera toxin
Diphtheria toxin
Erythrogenic toxin (S. pyogenes)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Gram negative cocci differentiation

A

Neisseria MeninGitidis
ferments both Maltose and Glucose

Neisseria GOnorrheae
ferments Glucose Only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Human bite infections and culture-negative subacute bacterial endocarditis in patients with pre-existing heart disease

A

HACEK Organisms

nagha-HACEK ng lagim sa may mga sakit sa puso

Haemophilus aphrophilus
Actinobacillus actinomycetecomitans
Cardiobacterium hominis
Eikenella corrodens
Kingella kingae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Compare epiglottitis with laryngotracheobronchitis
Etiology
Radiographic sign
Treatment

A

HiB
thumb sign
Ceftriaxone

Parainfluenza 1 & 2
steeple sign
Aerosolized racemic epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

H. influenzae causes

A

HaEMOPhilus influenzae causes

Epiglottitis
Meningitis
Otitis media
Pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Facultative Intracellular Bacteria

A 
Some Bugs May Live FactultativeLY
Salmonella
Brucella
Mycobacterium
Listeria
Francisella
Legionella
Yersinia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Top 3 bacterial causes of neonatal meningitis

A

BEL has neonatal meningitis

  1. B Group streptococci (S. agalactiae)
  2. E. coli* (most common cause of community-acquired UTI)
  3. L. monocytogenes

*Globally, but in the Philippines, E. coli is the most common cause. Assume global unless otherwise stated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Grown on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar

A

E. coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lactose Fermenters

A 
LaCtose is KEE. Grown in MacConKEE agar.
Citrobacter
Klebsiella
Escherichia coli 
Enterobacter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Enumerate Enterobacteriaceae

A

Think MESSY SPECK

Morganella
Escherichia
Shigella
Salmonella
Yersinia
Serratia
Proteus
Enterobacter
Citrobacter
Klebsiella
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Characteristics of Enterobacteria

A

Enterobacteria drink COFFEe!

Capsular antigen (K)
O antigen (Lipopolysaccharide)
Flagellar antigen (H)
Ferments glucose
Enterobacteriaceae
23
Q

Components of E.coli HUS

A

EHEC

Hemolytic anemia
Uremia
Thrombocytopenia

24
Q

Intestinal infections of E. coli and their respective strains

A

Enterotoxigenic - ETEC - Traveller’s diarrhea
Enteropathogenic - EPEC - Pediatric, Philippines (developing countries)
Enterohemorrhagic - EHEC/STEC - HUS (Serotype O157:H7)
Enteroinvasive - EIEC - Invasive, also bloody diarrhea like EHEC
Enteroadherent - EAEC - AIDS

25
Q

Osteomyelitis in specific conditions are caused by which organisms?
Burns
IVDA
SCA

A

Burns - P. aeruginosa
IV drug abusers - S. aureus, P. aeruginosa
Sickle cell anemia - Salmonella choleraesuis

26
Q

Shigella transmission

A 
4Fs
Food
Fingers
Feces
Flies
27
Q

Only thing that grows on Skirrow’s agar, most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis

A

C. jejuni

28
Q

What are the symptoms of C. jejuni-induced reactive arthritis?

A

Reiter’s syndrome
Can’t pee - urethritis
Can’t see - uveitis
Can’t climb a tree - arthritis

Also seen in C. trachomatis infection

29
Q

What kind of bacteria is P. aeruginosa?

A

Pseudomonas AERuginosa is an obligate AERobe.

30
Q

Most common causes of nosocomial UTIs

A
  1. P. aeruginosa
31
Q

Common zoonoses and their respective animal reservoirs

A

Bugs From Your Pets

Brucella abortus - Bruce the cow
Francisella tularensis - Francis the rabbit
Yersinia pestis - Yeye the rat
Pasteurella multocida - Papa the cat

32
Q

Characteristics of Brucellosis

A

Unpasteurized dairy products give you Undulating fever.

33
Q

Most virulent bacteria

A

Yersinia pestis

Causes bubonic, pulmonic and septicemic plague

34
Q

More dangerous form of leprosy

A

LEpromatous leprosy is LEthal.

35
Q

Antibiotics for Actinomycetes

A

SNAP

Sulfa for Nocardia, for Actinomyces, use Penicillin.

36
Q

Smallest free-living organism

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

37
Q

Causes painful genital chancroid

A

H. ducreyi

In chancroid, you ducreyi in pain!

38
Q

Prostitute’s pupil

A

T. pallidum, tertiary syphilis
Argyll-Robertson pupil
Accommodation reflex present
Pupillary reflex absent

39
Q

FTA-ABS characteristics

A

Find the Antibody - ABSolutely

Most specific for T. pallidum
Earliest positive test
Remains positive the longest

40
Q

Causes of False Positive VDRL Results

A

V-D-R-L

Viruses - EBV and Hepatitis
Drugs - marijuana
Rheumatic fever, Rheumatoid arthritis
Lupus, Leprosy

41
Q

Influenza-like symptoms that occurs just hours after initiation of starting therapy for spirochetes

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction

Lysis of treponemes or leptospira after initiation of therapy

42
Q

Largest medically important bacteria

A

B. burgdorferi

43
Q

Lyme disease SSx

A

BAKE a key Lyme pie.

Bell palsy
Arthritis
Kardiac block
Erythema chronicum migrans

44
Q

What are the obligate intracellular bacteria?

A

They stay inside when it is Really Cold

Rickettsiae
Chlamydia

45
Q

Forms of Chlamydia

A

Elementary body = Enfectious, Enters cell via Endocytosis

Reticulate body = Replicates in cell by fission

46
Q

Most common STD

A

Chlamydia

47
Q

Trachoma characteristics

A

Trachoma Types ABC
Africa
Blindness
Chronic infection

48
Q

What causes pneumonia with accelerated atherosclerosis?

A

Chlamydia pneumoniae

49
Q

Treatment of chlamydia species

A

C. trachomatis types D-K
STD - Azithromycin
Conjunctivitis - Erythromycin

C. trachomatis types L1-L3
Lymphogranuloma venereum - Doxycycline

C. psittaci
Psittacosis - Azithromycin

50
Q

2 most important Rickettsiae

A

Rickettsia rickettsii - Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (10-25% mortality)

Coxiella burnetti - Q fever (65% mortality)

51
Q

Bartonella henselae causes

A

Cat-scratch fever in immunocompetent

Bacillary angiomatosis in immunocompromised

52
Q

Causes mesenteric adenitis (pseudoappendicitis)

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

53
Q

Causes granuloma inguinale (Donovanosis), also forms pseudobuboes

A

Klebsiella granulomatis

54
Q

Clue cells, positive whiff test

A

Gardnerella vaginalis (causes bacterial vaginosis)

PLE (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions