microbiology 7 (endospores) Flashcards
__________ produce highly resistant endospores
Two genera of medical importance
what are the two genera of medical importance that produce endospores
Bacillus and Clostridia
_______and________ are the usual structures of endospores
Spherical or oval structures
what phase are endospores always in?
resting or dormant.
which bacteria causes anthrax
Bacillus anthracis
which bacteria causes tetanus?
clostridium tetanus
how many years can endospores survive in the soil for?
30
list 3 examples of endospores
B. anthracis
C. tetanus
C. perfringens
what are endospores resistant to (list 4)
- Drying
- Heat
- Pressure
- Many chemical disinfectants
how are endospores killed?
Killed by heating to 120oC for 15-20 mins
Size, shape and location of spores within stationary phase of vegetative cells are ________
helpful for identification
which environmental conditions stimulate formation of spores? (list 3)
- Lack of nutrients
- Change of temperature
- Redox potential
what are the 3 stages of endospore formation?
- Activation
- Germination
- Outgrowth
what is accomplished in vitro by heating at sub-lethal but elevated temperature?
activation
Germinate when placed in nutrients
what happens during this process?
- Loss of resistance to heat and chemicals
- Loss of calcium dipicolinate and cortex components
- Acid-soluble spore proteins degraded
