microbiology 6 (flagella motility) Flashcards
_____ are Long thin appendages that originate from the cytoplasmic membrane
flagella
flagella enable bacteria to be ____
mobile
flagella is observed mostly in _______ and _____
- Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria.
- Gram-positive rods
flagella Vary in number/arrangement on _______
bacterial surface.
_____is a bacterial characteristic used during classification
flagella type
list three fundamental structures of flagella
- Not straight but helical
- Constant distance between 2 adjacent curves known as wavelength
- Is constant for a given organism
three main components of flagellum are:
the motor
the hook
the filament
_____Consists of a single class of proteins at the base of the flagellum connecting the filament to the motor
the hook
Basal body is anchored in the ______ and ________
- cytoplasmic membrane
- cell wall
the basal body is also known as _________
the motor
where are the Multiple rings are present in Gram-negative bacteria.
- An outer ring in outer membrane/LPS
- One in peptidoglycan
- One in the cytoplasmic membrane
- One in the cytoplasm
In Gram-positive bacteria, one fewer inner ring present than gram negative, why?
because gram positive doesn’t have an outer membrane or LPS, therefore can’t have a ring there.
what drives the flagellar motor by causing a torque that rotates the filament
2 Mot (motor) proteins are anchored either side of the MS ring
what acts as a motor switch
Fli proteins
how is energy supplied from outside the cell into the cytoplasm.
and how much energy is generated per rotation?
Energy is supplied by the passage of protons from outside the cell into the cytoplasm via the basal body mot complex
1000 protons for a single rotation.
what major groups are necessary for motility in E. coli and S. typhimurium?
fla, fli and flg
what are the functions of these major groups of protein (fla, fli and flg)
- Structural proteins
- Exporting of flagellar components through the cell wall
- Biochemistry of synthesis
Flagella grow from______, flagellin moves up the_________
the tip.
hollow core.
Movement different in _____ and ___________ flagella
polar and peritrichous
in peritrichous flagella counter clock wise motion result in ______
In straight line movement
in peritrichous flagella clock wise motion result in ______
in tumbling movement
what movement in polar flagella
More rapid spinning
Normal movement is randomly composed of:
Runs and tumbles
how can bacteria move up/down gradient
By altering the CW:CCW ratio can move up/down gradient
