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Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Meningitis in HIV

A

Cryptococcus

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2
Q

Main side effect of isoniazid

A

peripheral neuropathy

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3
Q

Peyer’s patches, gram negative non lactose fermenter

A

Yersinia

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4
Q

Rash begins on face, lymphadenopathy

A

Rubella

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5
Q

well formed spherical lung cavity

A

aspergillus

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6
Q

HBsAg

A

Positive in acute or chronic hepatitis

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7
Q

Trauma, open wound, gas gangrene, what organism?

A

Clostridium

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8
Q

LLL pneumonia, haemoptysis, cavitation, gram –ve

A

h. influenzae

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9
Q

encapsulated bacteria

A

h. influenza
meningococcus
strep pneumoniae

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10
Q

Sewage worker + microscopic agglutination test

A

Leptospirosis

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11
Q

Gram positive lower urinary tract symptoms in a woman

A

Staphylocccus saprophyticus

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12
Q

Treatment for gonorrhoea?

A

IM ceftriaxone and stat dose oral azithromycin

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13
Q

Haemorrhagic cystitis, virus

A

Adenovirus

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14
Q

Inactive vaccines?

A

rabies
hepatitis A
influenza (intramuscular)

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15
Q

Patient with sore throat develops rash after taking amoxicillin, what does she have?

A

infectious mononucleosis (EBV)

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16
Q

Schaffners dots on blood film

A

Malaria vivax/ovale

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17
Q

Nigeria, rats, haemorrhagic

A

Lassa fever

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18
Q

What on non culture samples shows contamination?

A

Squamous epithelial cell

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19
Q

Antibiotic for mastitis during breastfeeding

A

flucloxacillin

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20
Q

Chlamydia treatment

A

doxycycline (7 day course) or azithromycin (single dose)

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21
Q

Co receptors involved with HIV

A

CXCR5/CCR5

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22
Q

Transmitted by sandfly

A

Leishmania; skin ulcer at site of bite

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23
Q

Drug to treat falciparum malaria?

A

Artesunate

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24
Q

malarial merozites are where?

A

Blood cells (from ‘M’arrow)

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25
IgM anti-HBc
Indicates acute infection
26
Unpasteurised dairy/animal contact
Brucellosis
27
14-3-3 positive in CSF
Sporadic CJD
28
Negri bodies
Rabies
29
Meningitis in kids younger than 3 months
S. pneumoniae
30
CSF in bacterial meningitis?
Cloudy Low glucose High protein Polymorphs
31
Beta lactam with anti-pseudomonal activity
Piperacillin
32
silver stain / flying saucers/ boats
PCP
33
EEG shows periodic triphasic changes
Sporadic CJD
34
HBeAg
Currently infective
35
How to diagnose variant CJD
tonsillar biopsy
36
Insect bite: pains, facial nerve palsy, palpitations, headaches and fever. Organism?
Borelia burgdorferi
37
Infection that carries risk of hydrops fetalis if acquired before 20 weeks?
Parvovirus b19
38
Tx for campylobacter
Erythromycin
39
coccobaccili
haemophilus influenzae (gram neg) chlamydia bordatella
40
What part of HIV binds to CD4 on T cells?
Gp120
41
Syphilis treatment
IM BenPen
42
Abx for listeria?
amoxicillin / ampicillin
43
Malaria hypnozoites are where?
in Hepatic cells
44
Organism that can cause osteomyelitis
Salmonella
45
Tx of Hep B?
PegIFN alpha 2a
46
Arbovirus, America, mosquitoes, polio-like
West Nile Virus
47
Abx for Legionella ? Class?
Clarithromycin (macrolide)
48
gram positive rods
``` actinomyces bacillus cereus clostridium diphtheria listeria ```
49
anti-HBs
Indicates immunity after infection has been cleared, either from natural or vaccine
50
Which type of hepatitis viruses are RNA viruses?
Hep A, C
51
Guidelines for women who present with a primary herpes infection in their third trimester of pregnancy?
Oral aciclovir 400 mg TDS until delivery IV aciclovir for infant if vaginal del/SROM
52
Malaria spherocytes are where?
Skin
53
Neonatorum ophthalmia
Chlamydia trachomatis
54
IVDU, dry cough, Bilateral interstitial shadowing
PCP
55
Gram +ve grape clusters with cavitation
S. Aureus
56
Tx of hep b?
Interferon alpha and lamivudine
57
Fungal pneumonia in immunocompromised
Aspergillus
58
Undulant fever, malaise, rigors, sweating, animal contact
brucellosis
59
Which common condition can be treated with drugs that target with TNF, IL-17 and IL-12/23?
Psoriasis
60
Mechanisms of Abx resistance?
Bypass - bypass antibiotic sensitive step in pathway e.g MRSA Enzyme - Enzyme-mediated drug inactivation e.g beta-lactamases. Accumulation - Impairment of accumulation of the drug, e.g. tetracycline resistance. Target - Modification of the drugs target in the microbe e.g. quinolone resistance
61
Bat's wing on CXR
PCP
62
TB treatment
R and I for 6 month, P and E for first 2
63
What on non culture sample shows infection with coliform
Nitrite
64
Liver cysts, dogs, sheep
hydatid disease
65
Malarial gametocytes are where?
Mosquitoes ('G'obbled back up)
66
Target shaped rash, hiking outdoors
Lyme disease
67
Abx for haemophilus influenza?
Amoxicillin (beta lactam)
68
Rash starts behind the ears, Koplik spots
Measles
69
Tx for c diff. colitis?
Metronidazole
70
Optochin sensitive
Strep. pneumoniae
71
Herpes viruses that cause cervical cancer vs warts?
HHV 16 and 18 = cancer HHV 6 and 11 = warts GARDASIL is quadravalent
72
ground glass x ray
PCP
73
Bird contact, cytoplasmic inclusions
Psittacosis
74
CSF in TB meningitis?
Clear Low glucose High +++ protein Lymphocytes
75
Subacute infective endocarditis
S. viridians
76
Disease which if transmitted to baby: they can initially be symptomless but then come down with problems
CMV
77
Acute infective endocarditis
S. auerus
78
Which type of hepatitis viruses are DNA viruses?
Hep B
79
Cause of Kaposi's sarcoma?
HHV 8 in AIDS
80
"spaghetti and meatballs" appearance
pityriasis vericolor
81
Abx for Group A Strep? Class?
IV benzylpenicillin (beta lactam)
82
Painless round black lesions and rims of oedema
Anthrax
83
Tx for septic arthritis
IV cefotaxime
84
What would you target with psoriasis Tx?
TNF IL-17 IL-12/23
85
Reactive arthritis, erythema nodosum, enterocolitis
Yersinia
86
Meningitis in kids older than 3 months
Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus in unvaccinated children
87
2m on with fever, elevated LFTs, flagellate organism
Toxoplasmosis
88
Abdo pain and fever, no diarrhoea
Salmonella
89
What class is Gentamicin? MOA?
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside which works by inhibiting protein synthesis and is used in gram negative sepsis.
90
smokers, gram negative pneumonia
M cattarhilis (moraxella)
91
spirochaetes
``` treponema pallidum (syphillus) leptospirosis ```
92
Painless genital ulcer, balanitis, proctitis, cervicitis
Early LGV
93
CSF in viral meningitis?
Clear 60-80% plasma glucose Normal/raised protein Lymphocytes
94
Pulmonary infection, immunocompromised, found in soil assoc/ with bat or bird droppings
Histoplasmosis
95
Post initial treatment, this strain of malaria requires Primaquine 30mg to eliminate liver parasites?
P. Vivax
96
A gram-positive β-haemolytic coccus that can cause pharyngitis, erysipelas and cellulitis.
Strep pyogenes

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