Microbiology

Question 1

infections of throat are most common in wht two age groups?

Answer 1

children

20-25yr olds

Question 2

what is the most common cause of bacterial sore throat?

Answer 2

strep pyogens (group A strep)

Question 3

how would you treat acute follicular tonsilitis?

Answer 3

penicillin

Question 4

give two complications of bacterial sore throat?

Answer 4

rheumatic fever (3 weeks post sore throat)

glomerulonephritis

Question 5

what would you suspect in a severe sore thraot with white patches over the back of the tongue/throat and tonsils?

Answer 5

diptheria

Question 6

what are the kind of toxins produced by diptheria?

Answer 6

cardiotoxin

neurotoxin

Question 7

how would you treat diptheria?

Answer 7

antitoxin

supportive

penicillin (erythromycin if allergic)

Question 8

what is the casue of oral thrush?

Answer 8

candida albicans

Question 9

how would you treat oral thrush?

Answer 9

nystatin

Question 10

when should you give treatment in acute sinusitis?

Answer 10

deteriorating cases of >10days

Question 11

what is used int he treatment of sinusitis?

Answer 11

1^st line- penicillin

2^nd line- doxycycline [not in children]

Question 12

how does malignant otitis progress?

Answer 12

extenstion of otitis externa into bone surroundign ear canal → fatal without treatment [osteomyelitis will invade skull and meninges]

Question 13

what are themost common bacterial causes of otitis externa?

Answer 13

s. aureus

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 14

what could you use to treat bacterial OE?

Answer 14

gentamicin drops

Question 15

what are some fungal causes of OE?

Answer 15

aspergillus nigers

candida albicans

Question 16

how would you treat fungal OE?

Answer 16

suction of fungus

keep ear clean and dry

topical clotrimazole

Question 17

if suspect of EBV and test is -ve what should you think?

Answer 17

think HPV?

Question 18

herpes simplex type1/2 is acquired during school years?

Answer 18

type 1- vesicles that rupture becoming ulcers

Question 19

describe primary gingivostomatis

Answer 19

fever, lymphadenopathy >3wks

Question 20

how would you confirm herpes simplex?

Answer 20

PCR to confirm viral DNA

Question 21

how would you treat herpes simplex type 1?

Answer 21

acliclovir

Question 22

describe herpangina

Answer 22

vesivles/ulcers on soft palate

Question 23

what is the cause of herpangina?

Answer 23

coxsackie virus

Question 24

what is the bacterium responsible for primary syphillus?

Answer 24

treponema pallidum