Anatomy Flashcards
name the aspects of the external nose from superior to inferior
root
dorsum
apex (tip
ala
septum
what is the philtrum?
dimple in the septum
note- septum deviated in most people, this is normal
is hyaline cartilage vascularised?
no- avascular
what forms the roof of the nasal cavity?
cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone
what feature can be seen on the cribiform plate?
crista galli
what forms the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
superior and middle conchae
what forms the septum?
perpindicular plate of ethmoid
which Le Fort fractures can disrupt the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone?
Le Fort II & III
what is the danger with Le Fort II & III fractures?
danger of infection spreading from nasal cavity & paranasal sinuses into anterior cranial fossa
which two bones make up the medial wall of the septum?
ethmoid and vomer
what are the three kinds of mucosa in the nasal cavity?
keratinised stratified squamous epithelium
respiratory epithelium
olfactory mucosa
which mucosa lines the posterosuperior aspect of the nasal cavity?
olfactory
what mucosa is resposible for smell?
olfactory
where does the olfactory tract end?
temporal lobe
which divisions of CN III supply the anterosuperior and posteroinferior aspects of the nasal cavity?
anterosuperior- CN III V1
posteroinferior- CN iii V2
which blood vessels originate from the external carotid?
facial
maxillary
which blood vessels arise from the internal carotid artery?
ophthalmic
the ophthalmic artery gives rise to which arteries?
anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries
the maxillary artery gives rise to which arteries?
sphenopalatine and greater palatine arteries
the facial artery gives rise to which arteries?
lateral nasal branch of facial or
spetal branhc of superior labial artery
what is the name of the arterial anastomosis on the nasal septum?
Kiesselbach’s area
note: also known as ‘little’s’ area
why is keisselbachs area clinically important?
common site of epistaxis (nosebleeds)
concha are also known as what?
turbunates
which concha are of the ethmoid bone?
superior and middle
what are meatuses?
‘spaces’ under each concha
superior, middle and inferior
in addition to the meatuses what other ‘space’ is there? (located between the superior conhca and ethmoid)
spenoethmoidal recess
what are vibrissae?
small hairs in keratinised stratified squamous epithelium to filter air we breathe in
how does mucous drain into the nasal cavities?
through ostia in lateral walls of nasal cavity
what are the 4 pairs of paransal sinuses?
frontal sinuses
maxillary sinuses
ethmoidal air cells
sphenoidal sinuses
where do each of the paranasal sinuses drain?
frontal and maxiallry → middle meatus
ethmoidal → superior an dmiddle meatus
sphenoidal → sphenoethmoidal recess
where does lacrimal fluid drain?
nasolacrimal duct which drains into inferior meatus of nasal cavity
which paranasal sinuses are most at risk of sinusitis?
maxillary
the two maxillary sinuses are termed what?
antra
pain in sinusitis can be reffered where?
to teeth
what nerves provide pain sensation in sinusitis?
CN V1 and V2
