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my Dermatology > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Staphylococcus areus is always coagulase ___

A

positive

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2
Q

Staph epidermidis is coagulase positive (T/F)

A

False

-Staph epidermidis is coagulase negative

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3
Q

Group A strep (GAS) is a Beta-haemolytic group of bacteria common in skin infections (T/F)

A

True

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4
Q

What is the first line treatment for Staph aureus infection? List 3

A

Flucloxacillin
Fluclox
FLUCLOX…

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5
Q

List some Staph aureus toxins:

A
  • Enterotoxin - gastroenteritis
  • Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome Toxin (SSSST)
  • PVL (Panton Valentine Leucocidin) - necrotizing pneumonia
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6
Q

What test is used to classify Streptoccoci?

A

Blood agar haemolysis

  • alpha: green
  • beta: complete
  • gamma: no haemolysis
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7
Q

Beta-haemolytic Streptococci are further classified based on…

A

Surface antigenes

  • Group A (throat, skin)
  • Group B (neonate meningitis)
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8
Q

Treatment for boils and furuncles is incision and drainage. (T/F)

A

True

-antibiotics can be used

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9
Q

Strep pyogenes is an importnant Group __ Streptococcus

A

Group A

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10
Q

Staph aureus is the most common cause of necrotising fascitis (T/F)

A

False.

Strep pyogenes most commonly causes necrotising fascitis

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11
Q

Tinea unguium is a fungal (ringworm) infection of the ___

A

nails

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12
Q

Treatment for Dermatophyte (ringworm) fungal infections?

A

Clotrimazole cream

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13
Q

Scabies are caused by a fungal infection.

A

False.

-mites Sarcoptes scabiei is the causative organism

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14
Q

Staphylococci and Streptococci are Gram positive (T/F)

A

True

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15
Q

Causative agent of Chickenpox and Shingles is…

A

Varicella Zoster Virus

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16
Q

Shingles shows a _____ infection pattern

A

dermatomal

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17
Q

What vaccine is used for chickenpox?

A

live attenuated

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18
Q

Varicella Zoster Virus establishes _____, allowing it to re-emerge as shingles

A

latency

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19
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 causes most oral lesions (T/F)

A

False

Caused by HSV Type 1

20
Q

_____ is the drug used for HSV and VZV

A

Acyclovir

21
Q

When would an antibody test be used in viral skin infection diagnosis?

A

Inaccessible site of infection

22
Q

What pathogen causes warts?

A

Human papilloma virus (HPV)

23
Q

HPV types __ and __ cause cervical cancer.

A

HPV Types 16 and 18

24
Q

Which HPC types cause genital warts?

A

HPV types 6 and 11

25
Q

____ viruses are the most common causative agents of Hand, foot and mouth disease.

A

Coxcackie (enteroviruses)

26
Q

Herpangina presents as a blistering rash of the back of the mouth. What pathogens cause it?

A

Enteroviruses:

-Coxackie Cirus and Echovirus

27
Q

Erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek disease) is caused by _____. In adults, it can cause ____.

A

Parvovirus (erythrovirus)

Arthritis

28
Q

What are the signs of a secondary Syphilis infection?

A
  • Red rash on whole body, especially soles and palms
  • ‘Snail track’ ulcers on mucous membranes
  • Pseudomembraneous lesions and erosions of tongue, palate and tonsils
29
Q

Syphilis is caused by the bacterium ____ _____. It is treated with____

A

Treponema pallidum

IM penicillin

30
Q

Borrelia burgdoferi causes…

A

Lyme disease

31
Q

What is the presentation of Lyme disease?

A

Early:
-erythema migrans
Late:
-heart block, nerve palsies, arthritis

32
Q

Lyme disease is treated with…

A

Doxycycline or Amoxicillin

33
Q

What are the Symptoms of Zika virus infection?

A
  • mild fever
  • rash
  • headache
  • arthalgia
  • myalgia
  • conjunctivitis
34
Q

The Varicella Zoster virus lies dormant in the ___ ____ _____

A

dorsal root ganglia

35
Q

What is Post Herpetic Neuralgia?

A

Pain associated with reactivated VZV (shingles), which occurs 4 weeks after the infection.

36
Q

What is Ramsay-Hunt syndrome?

A

Vesicles and pain in the auditory canal and throat, resulting from the 7th/8th Cranial Nerve irritation following shingles.

37
Q

What is the cause of primary gingivastomatitis?

A

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

38
Q

Molluscum Contagiosum is caused by a ____ infection. What’s the treatment?

A

Viral infection

Leave it; can freeze with nitrogen if on face etc

39
Q

What antibiotics are used for MRSA?

A

Doxycycline
Vancomycine
Co-trimoxazole
Clindamycin

40
Q

Haemolysin is a toxin produced by….

A

beta-haemoltic Streptococci

41
Q

What is the most common cause of pneumonia? What’s its effect on blood agar?

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Alpha haemolysis

42
Q

What non-haemolytic Streptococcus commonly causes urinary tract infections?

A

Enterococcus spp.

43
Q

Tinea cruris is a ringworm infection of the _____

A

groin

44
Q

How are candida infections treated?

A
  • topical Clotrimazole cream

- oral fluconazole

45
Q

Malothion lotion is used as treatment of what?

A
  • Scabies

- Lice

my Dermatology (18 decks)

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