Microbiology

Question 1

Staphylococcus areus is always coagulase ___

Answer 1

positive

Question 2

Staph epidermidis is coagulase positive (T/F)

Answer 2

False

-Staph epidermidis is coagulase negative

Question 3

Group A strep (GAS) is a Beta-haemolytic group of bacteria common in skin infections (T/F)

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What is the first line treatment for Staph aureus infection? List 3

Answer 4

Flucloxacillin
Fluclox
FLUCLOX…

Question 5

List some Staph aureus toxins:

Answer 5

• Enterotoxin - gastroenteritis
• Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome Toxin (SSSST)
• PVL (Panton Valentine Leucocidin) - necrotizing pneumonia

Question 6

What test is used to classify Streptoccoci?

Answer 6

Blood agar haemolysis

• alpha: green
• beta: complete
• gamma: no haemolysis

Question 7

Beta-haemolytic Streptococci are further classified based on…

Answer 7

Surface antigenes

• Group A (throat, skin)
• Group B (neonate meningitis)

Question 8

Treatment for boils and furuncles is incision and drainage. (T/F)

Answer 8

True

-antibiotics can be used

Question 9

Strep pyogenes is an importnant Group __ Streptococcus

Answer 9

Group A

Question 10

Staph aureus is the most common cause of necrotising fascitis (T/F)

Answer 10

False.

Strep pyogenes most commonly causes necrotising fascitis

Question 11

Tinea unguium is a fungal (ringworm) infection of the ___

Answer 11

nails

Question 12

Treatment for Dermatophyte (ringworm) fungal infections?

Answer 12

Clotrimazole cream

Question 13

Scabies are caused by a fungal infection.

Answer 13

False.

-mites Sarcoptes scabiei is the causative organism

Question 14

Staphylococci and Streptococci are Gram positive (T/F)

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Causative agent of Chickenpox and Shingles is…

Answer 15

Varicella Zoster Virus

Question 16

Shingles shows a _____ infection pattern

Answer 16

dermatomal

Question 17

What vaccine is used for chickenpox?

Answer 17

live attenuated

Question 18

Varicella Zoster Virus establishes _____, allowing it to re-emerge as shingles

Answer 18

latency

Question 19

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 causes most oral lesions (T/F)

Answer 19

False

Caused by HSV Type 1

Question 20

_____ is the drug used for HSV and VZV

Answer 20

Acyclovir

Question 21

When would an antibody test be used in viral skin infection diagnosis?

Answer 21

Inaccessible site of infection

Question 22

What pathogen causes warts?

Answer 22

Human papilloma virus (HPV)

Question 23

HPV types __ and __ cause cervical cancer.

Answer 23

HPV Types 16 and 18

Question 24

Which HPC types cause genital warts?

Answer 24

HPV types 6 and 11

Question 25

____ viruses are the most common causative agents of Hand, foot and mouth disease.

Answer 25

Coxcackie (enteroviruses)

Question 26

Herpangina presents as a blistering rash of the back of the mouth. What pathogens cause it?

Answer 26

Enteroviruses: | -Coxackie Cirus and Echovirus

Question 27

Erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek disease) is caused by _____. In adults, it can cause ____.

Answer 27

Parvovirus (erythrovirus) | Arthritis

Question 28

What are the signs of a secondary Syphilis infection?

Answer 28

- Red rash on whole body, especially soles and palms - 'Snail track' ulcers on mucous membranes - Pseudomembraneous lesions and erosions of tongue, palate and tonsils

Question 29

Syphilis is caused by the bacterium ____ _____. It is treated with____

Answer 29

Treponema pallidum | IM penicillin

Question 30

Borrelia burgdoferi causes...

Answer 30

Lyme disease

Question 31

What is the presentation of Lyme disease?

Answer 31

Early: -erythema migrans Late: -heart block, nerve palsies, arthritis

Question 32

Lyme disease is treated with...

Answer 32

Doxycycline or Amoxicillin

Question 33

What are the Symptoms of Zika virus infection?

Answer 33

- mild fever - rash - headache - arthalgia - myalgia - conjunctivitis

Question 34

The Varicella Zoster virus lies dormant in the ___ ____ _____

Answer 34

dorsal root ganglia

Question 35

What is Post Herpetic Neuralgia?

Answer 35

Pain associated with reactivated VZV (shingles), which occurs 4 weeks after the infection.

Question 36

What is Ramsay-Hunt syndrome?

Answer 36

Vesicles and pain in the auditory canal and throat, resulting from the 7th/8th Cranial Nerve irritation following shingles.

Question 37

What is the cause of primary gingivastomatitis?

Answer 37

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Question 38

Molluscum Contagiosum is caused by a ____ infection. What's the treatment?

Answer 38

Viral infection Leave it; can freeze with nitrogen if on face etc

Question 39

What antibiotics are used for MRSA?

Answer 39

Doxycycline Vancomycine Co-trimoxazole Clindamycin

Question 40

Haemolysin is a toxin produced by....

Answer 40

beta-haemoltic Streptococci

Question 41

What is the most common cause of pneumonia? What's its effect on blood agar?

Answer 41

Streptococcus pneumoniae | Alpha haemolysis

Question 42

What non-haemolytic Streptococcus commonly causes urinary tract infections?

Answer 42

Enterococcus spp.

Question 43

Tinea cruris is a ringworm infection of the _____

Answer 43

groin

Question 44

How are candida infections treated?

Answer 44

- topical Clotrimazole cream | - oral fluconazole

Question 45

Malothion lotion is used as treatment of what?

Answer 45

- Scabies | - Lice