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BIOLOGY 1: FOUNDATION REVIEW > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

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1
Q

made of nucleic acid and protein
can be lytic or lysogenic
can infect cells, take over the host’s cellular machinery, and direct replication of their own genome and protein coat
can contain either DNA or RNA and some essential enzymes surrounded by a protein coat

A

viruses

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2
Q

type of virus

causes the host cell to disintegrate

A

lytic virus

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3
Q

type of virus

remains dormant in the host cell

A

lysogenic

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4
Q

protein coat that surrounds viruses

A

capsid

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5
Q

virus that exclusively infects bacteria

A

bacteriophages

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6
Q 
prokaryotic
single-celled
lack true nuclei
contain 1 dbl-stranded circular chromosome
no nuclear membrane
have cell walls
A

bacteria

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7
Q

makes up the cell walls of bacteria

A

peptidoglycan

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8
Q

bacteria that cannot fix carbon

uses organic carbon for growth

A

heterotrophic bacteria

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9
Q

bacteria that cannot develop in a living organism
feeds on the waste within living organisms
lives and feeds on dead organic matter

A

saprophytic bacteria

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10
Q

bacteria that is able to make its own energy
may use light or chemical energy to make own food
breaks down inorganic substances into organic substances to use for energy

A

autotrophic bacteria

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11
Q

bacteria that requires oxygen to grow

use oxygen through cellular respiration to metabolize substances (fats, sugars) to obtain energy

A

obligate aerobe

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12
Q

bacteria that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if O2 is available but can switch to fermentation or anaerobic respiration if O2 is absent
Ex: Staph, E. Coli, Yeast

A

facultative anaerobes

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13
Q

bacteria that dies in the presence of O2

A

obligate anaerobe

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14
Q

round bacteria

A

cocci

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15
Q

rod bacteria

A

bacilli

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16
Q

spiral bacteria

A

spirilli

17
Q

bacteria that form duplexes

A

diplococci

18
Q

bacteria that form clusters

A

staphylococci

19
Q

bacteria the form chains

A

streptococci

20
Q

bacteria reproduce via _______

A

binary fission

21
Q 
type of eukaryote
most are multicellular
heterotrophic, absorptive nutrition (either saprophytic or parasitic)
decomposers
Ex: yeasts, molds, and mushrooms
A

fungi

22
Q

yeast reproduces by _______

A

budding

23
Q

most fungi reproduce via ________

A

sporulation

24
Q

basic body of a fungi

netlike mass of filaments

A

hyphae

25
Q

many hyphae make up the _____ of a fungus

A

mycelium

26
Q

fungi reproduce via _______ (either produced sexually or asexually, depending on the conditions)

A

spores

27
Q

acellular structures of double ors ingle-stranded DNA or RNA in a protein coat

A

virus

BIOLOGY 1: FOUNDATION REVIEW (10 decks)

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