microbial resistance Flashcards
what are 6 ways microbes can build resistance to antibiotics?
- target structure lacking
- impermeablity
- chemical alteration
- target site modification
- metablitic modifications
- efflux pump
** pigments
what is tolerate to silver nitrate?
pseudomonas aeurgonisia
physiological adaptations
sends messages to specific targets to reduce gene expression
2 comp is most common
Arc system
oxygen supply response
Nar system
nitrate and nitriate metabolism
Che system
rotation of flagellar motors
what is a two component system?
sensor kinase protein (histidine kinase)
and a response regulator protein (regulates phos)
*phosphorelay pathway
what are some types of response?
- chemotactic
- photo
- quorum sensing
- envrionmental
chemotactic
CheY (runs or tumbles= response) and CheA (the sensor kinase)
**flagellar rotation
photo
halo bacteria and has + and - depends on the wavelength
quorum sensing
intercellular signalling, controlled by the density of the cell wall and AHL induces the activation
LuxR -> Lux operon -> AHL
an example of a bacteria using quorum sensing?
pseudomonas aurgonisa and it makes biofilms due to las L and Las R
Rhl system activates the virulence genes
virulence has to do with
the density
vibrio cholera
qs inhibits biofilm production
biofilm production are higher at lower cell densities
biofilm formation of gallstones of salmonella enterica serovar tyhimurium needs
LuxS enzyme
