microbial nutrition and metabolism - L2B Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the elements essential for life?

A
  • Carbon
  • Nitrogen
  • Hydrogen
  • Oxygen
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2
Q

what is phosphorus essential for?

A

nucleic acids, phospholipids

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3
Q

what is potassium essential for?

A

enzyme activity

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4
Q

what is magnesium essential for?

A

stabilises ribosomes, membranes, nucleic acids and required for enzyme activity

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5
Q

what is iron essential for?

A

enzyme activity - e.g redox enzymes

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6
Q

what is copper essential for?

A

respiratory enzymes e.g oxidase

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7
Q

what are trace metals?

A

micronutrients required in small amounts

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8
Q

what are growth factors?

A

Organic micronutrients including vitamins, purines, amino acids

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9
Q

What bacterial nutrition can utilise?

A
  • can utilise any nutrient
  • others are fastidious and have complex nutrient requirements
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10
Q

What does rich media supply and what does selective media supple

A

Rich media - supply all nutrients

Selective media - specific bacteria

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11
Q

what is the term for “oxygen required”?

A

aerobes

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12
Q

what is the term for “oxygen NOT required”?

A

anaerobes

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13
Q

what is the term for “SOME oxygen required”?

A

microaerophilic

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14
Q

what is the term for “oxygen not required BUT can be used”?

A

facultative aerobes

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15
Q

simple transport is driven by…?

A
  • the energy in the proton motive force
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16
Q

what protein does simple transport use?

A

one transmembrane protein

17
Q

what is group translocation?

A

chemical modification of the transported substance driven by phophoenolpyruvate

18
Q

what proteins used for group translocation?

A

series of proteins

19
Q

ABC transporters is..?

A

substrate binding protein

transmembrane transporter

ATP hydrolysing protein

20
Q

simple transport energy source?

A

Proton motive force

21
Q

what does “symport” mean?

A

solutes and protons moving in same direction

22
Q

what does “antiport” mean?

A

solutes and protons moving in opposite direction

23
Q

energy source for group transport?

A
  • energy rich organic compounds
24
Q

what does a substance need to be to be group transported?

A
  • chemically modified
25
Q

what uses group transport?

A

carbohydrates e.g phosphotransferase

26
Q

energy class of organic compounds?

A

chemoorganotrophs

27
Q

energy class of oxidation of inorganic compounds?

A

chemilithotrophs

28
Q

energy class of light energy?

A

phototrophs

29
Q

energy class of carbon source is organic compound?

A

heterotrophs

30
Q

energy class of carbon source is CO2?

A

autotrophs

31
Q

what does respiration support?

A

faster growth and better pathogenesis

32
Q

what does fermentation support?

A

support slower growth and better adhesion to epithelium

33
Q

Group B streptococci and ATP production

A
  • Part of vaginal microbiome
  • can be passed to infant during childbirth
  • uses respiration and femerntwiton