microbial nutrition and metabolism - L2B

Question 1

what are the elements essential for life?

Answer 1

• Carbon
• Nitrogen
• Hydrogen
• Oxygen

Question 2

what is phosphorus essential for?

Answer 2

nucleic acids, phospholipids

Question 3

what is potassium essential for?

Answer 3

enzyme activity

Question 4

what is magnesium essential for?

Answer 4

stabilises ribosomes, membranes, nucleic acids and required for enzyme activity

Question 5

what is iron essential for?

Answer 5

enzyme activity - e.g redox enzymes

Question 6

what is copper essential for?

Answer 6

respiratory enzymes e.g oxidase

Question 7

what are trace metals?

Answer 7

micronutrients required in small amounts

Question 8

what are growth factors?

Answer 8

Organic micronutrients including vitamins, purines, amino acids

Question 9

What bacterial nutrition can utilise?

Answer 9

• can utilise any nutrient
• others are fastidious and have complex nutrient requirements

Question 10

What does rich media supply and what does selective media supple

Answer 10

Rich media - supply all nutrients

Selective media - specific bacteria

Question 11

what is the term for “oxygen required”?

Answer 11

aerobes

Question 12

what is the term for “oxygen NOT required”?

Answer 12

anaerobes

Question 13

what is the term for “SOME oxygen required”?

Answer 13

microaerophilic

Question 14

what is the term for “oxygen not required BUT can be used”?

Answer 14

facultative aerobes

Question 15

simple transport is driven by…?

Answer 15

• the energy in the proton motive force

Question 16

what protein does simple transport use?

Answer 16

one transmembrane protein

Question 17

what is group translocation?

Answer 17

chemical modification of the transported substance driven by phophoenolpyruvate

Question 18

what proteins used for group translocation?

Answer 18

series of proteins

Question 19

ABC transporters is..?

Answer 19

substrate binding protein

transmembrane transporter

ATP hydrolysing protein

Question 20

simple transport energy source?

Answer 20

Proton motive force

Question 21

what does “symport” mean?

Answer 21

solutes and protons moving in same direction

Question 22

what does “antiport” mean?

Answer 22

solutes and protons moving in opposite direction

Question 23

energy source for group transport?

Answer 23

• energy rich organic compounds

Question 24

what does a substance need to be to be group transported?

Answer 24

• chemically modified

Question 25

what uses group transport?

Answer 25

carbohydrates e.g phosphotransferase

Question 26

energy class of organic compounds?

Answer 26

chemoorganotrophs

Question 27

energy class of oxidation of inorganic compounds?

Answer 27

chemilithotrophs

Question 28

energy class of light energy?

Answer 28

phototrophs

Question 29

energy class of carbon source is organic compound?

Answer 29

heterotrophs

Question 30

energy class of carbon source is CO2?

Answer 30

autotrophs

Question 31

what does respiration support?

Answer 31

faster growth and better pathogenesis

Question 32

what does fermentation support?

Answer 32

support slower growth and better adhesion to epithelium

Question 33

Group B streptococci and ATP production

Answer 33

- Part of vaginal microbiome - can be passed to infant during childbirth - uses respiration and femerntwiton