microbial nutrition and metabolism - L2B Flashcards
what are the elements essential for life?
- Carbon
- Nitrogen
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
what is phosphorus essential for?
nucleic acids, phospholipids
what is potassium essential for?
enzyme activity
what is magnesium essential for?
stabilises ribosomes, membranes, nucleic acids and required for enzyme activity
what is iron essential for?
enzyme activity - e.g redox enzymes
what is copper essential for?
respiratory enzymes e.g oxidase
what are trace metals?
micronutrients required in small amounts
what are growth factors?
Organic micronutrients including vitamins, purines, amino acids
What bacterial nutrition can utilise?
- can utilise any nutrient
- others are fastidious and have complex nutrient requirements
What does rich media supply and what does selective media supple
Rich media - supply all nutrients
Selective media - specific bacteria
what is the term for “oxygen required”?
aerobes
what is the term for “oxygen NOT required”?
anaerobes
what is the term for “SOME oxygen required”?
microaerophilic
what is the term for “oxygen not required BUT can be used”?
facultative aerobes
simple transport is driven by…?
- the energy in the proton motive force
what protein does simple transport use?
one transmembrane protein
what is group translocation?
chemical modification of the transported substance driven by phophoenolpyruvate
what proteins used for group translocation?
series of proteins
ABC transporters is..?
substrate binding protein
transmembrane transporter
ATP hydrolysing protein
simple transport energy source?
Proton motive force
what does “symport” mean?
solutes and protons moving in same direction
what does “antiport” mean?
solutes and protons moving in opposite direction
energy source for group transport?
- energy rich organic compounds
what does a substance need to be to be group transported?
- chemically modified
what uses group transport?
carbohydrates e.g phosphotransferase
energy class of organic compounds?
chemoorganotrophs
energy class of oxidation of inorganic compounds?
chemilithotrophs
energy class of light energy?
phototrophs
energy class of carbon source is organic compound?
heterotrophs
energy class of carbon source is CO2?
autotrophs
what does respiration support?
faster growth and better pathogenesis
what does fermentation support?
support slower growth and better adhesion to epithelium
Group B streptococci and ATP production
- Part of vaginal microbiome
- can be passed to infant during childbirth
- uses respiration and femerntwiton
