Microbial Growth Flashcards

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1
Q

Define nutrients

A

Supply of monomers (or precursors of) required by cells for growth

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2
Q

Describe carbon and what kind of nutrient it is

A

It is Required by all cells and is a Major element in all classes of macromolecules. Heterotrophs use organic carbon and Autotrophs use carbon dioxide (CO2)

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3
Q

Describe nitrogen

A

Key element in proteins, nucleic acids, and many more cell constituents

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4
Q

What are the 8 Macronutrients?

A

Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, magnesium, calcium, sodium

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5
Q

Describe phosphorus

A

Synthesis of nucleic acids and phospholipids

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6
Q

Describe potassium

A

Required by enzymes for activity

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7
Q

Describe magnesium

A

Stabilizes ribosomes, membranes, and nucleic acids and Also required for many enzymes

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8
Q

Describe calcium

A

Helps stabilize cell walls in microbes
Plays key role in heat stability of endospores

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9
Q

Describe sodium

A

Is Required by some microbes (e.g., marine microbes)

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10
Q

What are growth factors and examples of it? Describe the main micronutrient

A

Organic compounds required in small amounts by certain organisms, Examples: vitamins, amino acids, purines, pyrimidines
Iron is a Key component of cytochromes and FeS proteins involved in electron transport

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11
Q

What is culture media and its 2 broad classes?

A

Nutrient solutions used to grow microbes in the laboratory
Defined media: precise chemical composition is known
Complex media (more common): composed of digests of chemically undefined substances (e.g., yeast and meat extracts)

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12
Q

How can media be broken down?

A

Into a liquid, Semisolid or solid media containing agar or gelatin

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13
Q

What are the 3 main types of media and examples of them?

A

Enriched media- contains complex media plus additional nutrients
Differential media – allows multiple types of bacteria to grow but displays visible differences in how they grow, ex.Spirit Blue Agar, Starch Agar, Skim Milk Agar
● Selective media- inhibits the growth of bacteria, ex.Asparagine Agar , Phenyl Ethyl Alcohol Agar

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14
Q

Describe sulfur

A

Creates Sulfur-containing amino acids (cysteine and methionine) or Vitamins (e.g., thiamine, biotin, lipoic acid) and coenzyme A

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